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Ikibazo gihari kiri mu buryo bubiri; hari ikibazo cya kontineri nke zitwara ibicuruzwa, hakaba n’ikibazo cy’ubwato bwabaye buke muri iyi minsi bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye.

Ubusanzwe, kontineri nyinshi zikorerwa mu Bushinwa, bukora izirenga 90% by’izikoreshwa ku Isi. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka ushize, ubwo ubucuruzi butari bwifashe neza ku rwego mpuzamahanga bitewe n’icyorezo cya Covid-19, inganda nini zikora kontineri mu Bushinwa zagabanyije umubare w’izo zakoraga, kuko izigera kuri miliyoni 1,2 zari mu bubiko zitegereje abaguzi cyangwa gushyirwa abaziguze, mu gihe ku byambu byo mu Bushinwa hari izigera kuri miliyoni 3 zitarimo imitwaro, ibyatumaga imibare yerekana ko ikenerwa rya kontineri nshya ritari hafi aha.

Icyakora ibintu byahinduye isura ubwo Perezida Trump yasinyiraga ko Leta ye irekura miliyari ibihumbi 2$ yagombaga gufasha abaturage guhangana n’ingaruka za Covid-19, bigatuma Abanyamerika bongera kugira ubushobozi bwo kujya ku masoko hirya no hino.

Ubu bushobozi bw’Abanyamerika bwo guhaha, kongeraho itangwa ry’inkingo n’ifungurwa ry’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi byari byaradindijwe n’icyorezo cya Covid-19, byatumye ubucuruzi hagati ya Amerika na Aziya bwiyongera ku kigero cya 27% mu mezi arindwi ya mbere y’uyu mwaka, ugereranyije n’amezi arindwi ya mbere y’umwaka wa 2019 icyorezo kitaraza.

Icyakora nubwo ubucuruzi bwiyongereye, ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa mu bwato, byari byaragabanyije 11% by’ubwato bukoreshwa mu gutwara ibicuruzwa ku Isi, bitewe n’uko ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bwari bwaragabanutse.

Mu gihe ubucuruzi bwongeraga kuzanzamuka muri Amerika mu buryo bwihuse, ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa mu bwato ntabwo byari bifite ubwato buhagije bwo guhita butwara ibicuruzwa, kuko bwinshi muri ubwo bwato bwahagaritswe, bwari buparitse ku byambu bya kure kandi burimo ubusa, ku buryo kugira ngo bugaruke mu kazi, byasabaga ko bujyanwa ku byambu biriho ibicuruzwa, cyane cyane ibyo muri Aziya y’Iburasirazuba na Amerika, kugira ngo bushyirwemo ibicuruzwa kuko ari ho hari kontineri z’ibicuruzwa.

Uku kujyana ubwato bwinshi ku byambu bike bikorerwaho ubucuruzi bwinshi byagize ingaruka kuko byatumye ubwato buba bwinshi ku byambu, bituma havuka umubyigano w’ubu bwato, bumwe bukajya butegereza ubundi ko burangiza gupakira cyangwa gupakururwa kugira ngo bugerweho.

Nko mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’uyu mwaka, ibyambu byo muri Amerika byakiriye inyongera ya 14% by’ubwato butwara ibicuruzwa, ugereranyije n’igihembwe cya kabiri cya 2019 mbere y’icyorezo.

Ku rundi ruhande, mu gihe ibyambu byariho umubyigano w’ubwato, kontineri nazo zaragabanutse kuko igihe zimara ku byambu, zaba ziri gupakirwa cyangwa gupakururwa, cyiyongereye kuko zihagerera rimwe ari nyinshi bityo zigategereza igihe kinini. Ibi byatumye ibigo by’ubwato butwara ibicuruzwa bijya ku isoko gukoresha izindi ariko izi na zo ntizahaza isoko kuko izikenewe ziruta kure ubwinshi bw’izikorwa.

Ibi byose byavuyemo ko ibiciro bya kontineri nshya byiyongereyeho arenga 50%, mu gihe ibiciro byo gutwara kontineri mu bwato na byo byikubye hafi kane. Nk’urugero, kuvana kontineri nini mu Bushinwa uyijyana muri Amerika mu 2019, byashobora gutwara ibihumbi 2,5$ ariko ubu biri gutwara arenga ibihumbi 10$. Iri zamuka ryabayeho n’ahandi henshi ku Isi.

Ubwato bwinshi bwafatiwe mu mubyigano uri ku byambu bitandukanye, ku buryo igihe bitwara ngo bube buhavuye cyiyongereye cyane

Ingaruka ku Rwanda

Ku rwego rw’Isi, u Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu biri kure y’inyanja rukuraho ibicuruzwa. 70% by’ibicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu binyura ku cyambu cya Dar Es Salaam muri Tanzania kiri ku Nyanja y’u Buhinde, mu birometero 1416 uvuye mu Rwanda.

Ubusanzwe amafaranga agurwa igicuruzwa aba akubiyemo n’igiciro cy’ingendo zirimo n’izo mu nyanja ariko aya mafaranga akunze kuba ari make cyane ku buryo atagira ingaruka zikomeye ku giciro cya nyuma. Icyakora mu gihe hiyongereyeho itinda ry’ibicuruzwa mu nzira, igiciro cy’aya mafaranga gishobora kwiyongera, bikagira ingaruka ku muguzi wa nyuma ugomba kwishyura menshi kugira ngo abone igicuruzwa runaka.

Ibi nibyo biri kuba ku bacuruzi bavana ibicuruzwa mu mahanga babizana mu Rwanda. Mu kiganiro na Rwanda Today, Vichal Shah, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Rwacom, ikigo gikora ibikoresho bya pulasitiki birimo n’amajerekani, yavuze ko iri dindira ry’ingendo z’ubwato butwara ibicuruzwa ryagize ingaruka ku bucuruzi bwabo, kuko bahombye amasoko bitewe n’uko ibicuruzwa byajyaga bibageraho mu gihe cy’ukwezi, bimaze amezi atatu bitarabageraho.

Yagize ati “Twatumije kontineri y’ibikoresho dukoramo ibicuruzwa byacu muri Kamena ariko n’ubu ntabwo turabona ibicuruzwa, ubusanzwe byatwaraga ukwezi kumwe, ariko ibijyanye n’igihe byatwaraga byarahindutse, kandi byagize ingaruka ku bucuruzi bwacu kuko twaguye mu bihombo.”

Uyu muyobozi yasobanuye ko ikibazo nyamukuru kiri guterwa n’uko “Nta bwato bwinshi buri kugera ku cyambu cya Dar Es Salaam kuko bwafashwe [bukerekezwa mu bindi byerekezo], ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa mu bwato byari byagabanyije ubwato bikoresha, ari na byo byateye iki kibazo.”

Iri gabanuka yagarutseho ryatewe n’uko ubwo ubucuruzi hagati ya Amerika na Aziya y’Iburasirazuba bwasubukurwaga mbere y’ibindi bice by’Isi, ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa mu bwato byahinduye inzira z’ubwato bwari busanzwe bwerekeza ibicuruzwa mu bindi bice, bwerekezwa muri Amerika. Ibi byagize ingaruka mu gihe ibindi bihugu byasubukuraga ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi, kuko byabuze ubwato bubagemurira ibicuruzwa, bitewe n’uko bwinshi bwaheze mu mibyiganiro iri ku byambu bikurwaho ibicuruzwa mu bihugu birimo u Bushinwa na Amerika.

Shah yavuze ko mu mezi ane gusa, bamaze guhomba ibihumbi 300$ kubera ibi bibazo, ati “Uku gutinda kwatumye bigorana kumenya igiciro cy’igicuruzwa ku isoko kuko mu gihe upakiye kontineri [kugira ngo ikuzanire ibicuruzwa], uba uri mu gihombo cy’indi ikiri mu nzira utazi igihe izakugereraho, hari ibintu byinshi byahindutse muri iki gihe.”

Uyu muyobozi kandi yavuze ko “Bamwe mu bakiliya basubiranye amafaranga yabo, ubu turi gufata inguzanyo kugira ngo twishyure kandi tugashyiraho n’inyungu.”

Uretse ubucuruzi bwa Shah, ubundi bucuruzi bwo mu Rwanda nabwo bwagizweho ingaruka n’iki kibazo mu buryo bufatika, kuko ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa hanze y’u Rwanda byazamutse cyane aho nka televiziyo yaguraga ibihumbi 350 Frw, ubu iri kugura ibihumbi 500 Frw.

Mu gihe ibicuruzwa byinshi byakomeza kuzamura ibiciro, nta kabuza ko byagira ingaruka zishobora guhungabanya ubukungu bw’u Rwanda. Kimwe mu bishobora kubaho ni ihungabana ry’agaciro k’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda, byitezwe ko rizata agaciro ku kigero cya kiri munsi ya 2,5%, nyuma y’uko ryari ryataye agaciro ku kigero cya 5,4% mu mwaka ushize.

Uretse itakazagaciro ku ifaranga ry’u Rwanda, ibiciro bihanitse bizagabanya ingano y’ibyo umuguzi afitiye ubushobozi bwo kugura, ibi na byo bigabanye ingano y’ibyo umucuruzi ashobora gucuruza, ari na ko bigira ingaruka ku misoro yinjira mu isanduku ya Leta, mu gihe ikinyuranyo cy’ibyo u Rwanda rwohereza hanze n’ibyo rukurayo, cyari kuri miliyari 1,54$ mu 2019, gishobora gukomeza kwiyongera.

Ku rundi ruhande, mu gihe iki kibazo cyamara igihe kirekire, birashoboka ko bimwe mu bicuruzwa bishobora gushira ku isoko burundu mu gihe ibikiri mu bubiko byarushaho kugabanuka, ibi na byo bikagira ingaruka zikomeye mu kuzamura igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa.

Iki kibazo kizarangira gute?

Mu burya busanzwe, kontineri n’ubwato butwara ibicuruzwa hirya no hino ku Isi birahagije, ikibazo ni uko inzira bunyuramo n’aho kontineri ziri ugereranyije n’aho zakabaye ziri byahindaguritse.

Ibi bitanga icyizere ku basanzwe bakurikirana iby’ingendo z’ibicuruzwa mu nyanja, bavuga ko iki kibazo, cyanatijwe umurindi n’impanuka y’ubwato bwa Ever Given buherutse guhagarika ingendo mu Bunigo bwa Suez, gishobora kutazamara igihe kirekire kuko ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenerwa bihari kandi ku bwinshi, igisigaye akaba ari uko bisubira mu nzira za nyazo nk’uko byahoze mbere.

Icyakora ku bandi barimo Peter Sand wo mu Ishyirahamwe ry’ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa mu mato, bavuga ko iki kibazo gishobora kuzatwara igihe kirenga umwaka kugira ngo inzira zongere zikoreshwe nk’uko byahoze mbere ya Covid-19.

Iki gitekerezo agihuriyeho na Lars Jensen w’Ikigo cy’Ubujyanama cya Vespucci Maritime, wahaye The Economist urugero rw’imyigaragambyo y’abatwara ubwato muri Amerika yabaye mu 2015, ikagira ingaruka zirimo ubwiyongere bw’ubwato ku byambu.

‘Iki kibazo cyakemutse mu mezi atandatu,’ nk’uko Jensen abivuga, ’kandi cyari cyabereye mu gihe kimwe cy’Isi, ubwo ukibaza igihe bizatwara kugira ngo ikibazo cyabaye ku rwego rw’Isi yose gikemuke.

Muri rusange, mu gihe byasabaga ubwato urugendo rw’iminsi 41 kuva ku cyambu bwikoreye ibicuruzwa, bukagera ku kindi bukanagaruka ku cyambu cya mbere, ubu biri gutwara iminsi 70. Bikekwa ko 60% by’ibicuruzwa binyura mu nyanja, bishobora kongererwa ibiciro ku muguzi wa nyuma, bitewe n’iri dindira ry’ingendo zo mu nyanja.

Muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka, ingano y’ibicuruzwa Abanyamerika baguze yaragabanutse ugereranyije na Kamena, nubwo n’ubundi yari ikiri hejuru ku kigero cya 18% ugereranyije na Nyakanga ya 2019. Iri gabanuka riratanga icyizere ko ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa mu nyanja bishobora gusubiza ubwato mu nzira zahozeho na cyane ko ibindi bice by’Isi na byo biri gusubukura ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi ku bwinshi.

Hagati aho, urwego rw’amato atwara ibicuruzwa mu nyanja ruhanganye n’ikindi kibazo cyo kugabanya umwuka wa CO2 woherezwa mu kirere n’ubwato bwose butwara ibicuruzwa mu nyanja, ukaba ungana na 2,7% by’umwuka wose woherezwa mu kirere uvuye ku Isi.

Byitezwe ko kuva mu 2023, hazatangira ingamba zikomeye zo guhindura ingufu zikoreshwa n’ubu bwato ariko ababikurikiranira hafi bavuga ko bitazagira ingaruka mu itinda ry’ibicuruzwa cyangwa mu bwiyongere bw’ibiciro byo gutwara kontineri, kuko izi mpinduka zitazagira ingaruka zikomeye ku byo ubwato bwakoreshaga mu rugendo.

Ibigo birimo Maersk biri ku gitutu cyo guhindura ingufu zikoreshwa n’ubwato bwabyo, kugira ngo hagabanywe umwuka wa CO2 woherezwa mu kirere

Amanota y’abakoze ibi bizamini yatangajwe kuri uyu wa 4 Ukwakira 2021 aho mu mashuri abanza imitsindire iri ku kigero cya 82,5% mu gihe mu cyiciro rusange iri kuri 86,3%.

Abakoze ibizamini bya leta bisoza amashuri abanza bari 251.906 barimo abakobwa 136.830 n’abahungu 115.076 naho mu cyiciro rusange bari 121.626 barimo abakobwa 66.240 n’abahungu 55.386.

Ku bijyanye n’ibyiciro by’imitsindire (Divisions), mu mashuri abanza abaje mu cya mbere ni 14.373 bihwanye na 5,7%; mu cya kabiri 54.214 (21,5%), icya gatatu ni 75.817 (30,10%) na ho icya kane bakaba 63.326 (25,10%).

Mu basoza Icyiciro Rusange, abatsinze bari mu cyiciro cya mbere bangana na 19.238 (15,8%); icya kabiri ni 22.576 (18,6%), icya gatatu ni 17.349 (14,3%) naho mu cyiciro cya kane harimo 45.842 (37,7%.)

Nko mu mahuri abanza, abanyeshuri bari mu cyiciro cya mbere ni abafite kuva ku inota rya 1-16; icya kabiri kiri hagati ya 16 na 28; icya gatatu 29-34; icya kane 35-41. Abasigaye baba bari muri U (unclassified), ni bo baba batsinzwe, ni ukuvuga ko muri buri somo baba babonye inota rya 9 .

Icyemezo cyo gusibiza abataratsinze neza gishingiye ku mwanzuro wa 10 w’umwiherero w’abayobozi bakuru b’igihugu umwaka ushize wa 2020, urebana no ‘guhagarika umuco wo kwimura abanyeshuri batatsinze (automatic promotion) hagamijwe kwimakaza ireme ry’uburezi’.

Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Dr Uwamariya Valentine, yatangaje ko abo banyeshuri batazahabwa ibigo ngo bakomeze mu byiciro bikurikira nk’uko byari bisanzwe ahubwo bazasibizwa.

Ati “Dushingiye ku mwanzuro wa 10 w’umwiherero w’abayobozi bakuru b’igihugu aho usaba ko abanyeshuri batatsinze batagomba kwimuka ngo bajye mu kindi cyiciro, aba banyeshuri ntibari buhabwe ibigo nk’uko byari bisanzwe bigenda ahubwo bazafashwa babanze bagere ku kigero kibemerera kwimukira mu bindi byiciro; ubundi bajyaga bahabwa ibigo ndetse n’amashuri akaba yabakira mu byiciro bikurikiyeho.”

Minisitiri w’Uburezi yakomeje avuga ko aba banyeshuri bazafashwa gusubiramo amasomo ku bufatanye n’ibigo bari basanzwe bigaho bakazasubira mu bizamini kugira ngo bazimukire mu kindi cyiciro bamaze gutsinda ku kigero giteganywa.

Bazabona ibyumba bigiramo?

Minisiteri y’Uburezi imaze igihe irwana n’ikibazo cy’ubucucike mu mashuri hamwe na hamwe n’ubu kikaba kitarakemuka burundu. Kuba hagiye gusibizwa umubare munini w’abanyeshuri biteye kwibaza niba bazabona ibyumba bigiramo.

Dr Uwamariya yavuze ko ubu igikurira ari ukumenya aho abo banyeshuri baherereye aho bazigira n’uko bazigishwa nk’uko no mu byiciro bindi byagaragaye ko hari abanyeshuri basigaye inyuma kubera Covid-19. Minisiteri y’Uburezi n’amashuri ngo bifite umwanya wabateganyijwe wo gusubiramo amasomo.

Ati “Aba rero bazitabwaho mu buryo bw’umwihariko, tuzakorana n’amashuri tuba dufite imibare; hariho n’amashuri uzasanga nta banyeshuri bahari bagomba gusubiramo umwaka hakaba n’ahandi uzasanga ari benshi cyane.”

“Ntabwo tuzabirekera ibigo by’amashuri gusa ahubwo tuzafatanya yaba REB ndetse na Minisiteri y’Uburezi n’uturere abo bana bahereyemo kugira ngo bigishwe mu buryo budasanzwe.”

Buri shuri ngo rizagira umwihariko bitewe n’umubare w’abanyeshuri bagomba gusibira.

Ese ntibizongera umubare w’abata ishuri?

Mineduc yavuze ko hari impungenge ko uku gusibiza abanyeshuri bishobora kuzamura umubare w’abata ishuri bikaba bisaba ubufatanye n’izindi nzego kugira ngo iki kibazo gikumirwe.

Ati “Birashoboka ariko ni ugukorana n’inzego zose kugira ngo abo bana batabura ayo mahirwe. Kuko aho kugira ngo umureke atambuke kandi ntacyo atambukanye, ibyiza wamufasha akarushaho kwiyongera mu bumenyi mbere y’uko akomeza.”

“Tuzakorana n’ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze kugira ngo abo bana bagaruke mu ishuri. Kuba bazitabwaho by’umwihariko ngira ngo ntibizabaca intege ariko nta wakwirengagiza ko iki gishoboka [guta ishuri] bikaba bisaba imbaraga zidasanzwe kugira ngo tutabatakaza.”

Hari abishimiye icyemezo Mineduc yafashe

Umwe mu babyeyi waganiriye na IGIHE yavuze ko iki cyemezo cyo gusibiza abafite intege nke bagishimye kuko kuba buri umunyeshuri yajyaga yumva ko azimuka uko byagenda kose byatumaga hari abadashyiraho umuhate mu myigire.

Ati “Byatumaga hari abigira ’ibyo ntazi’ bakumva ko byanze bikunze bazimuka. Ubwo urumva uguhatana kwava he? Ibi ndabishyigikiye.”

Abandi bavuze ko kwimura umwana utatsinze bituma agakomeza kudindira kubera ko ntacyo yiyungura mu bumenyi bwe.

Impuguke mu by’uburezi Dr Munyakayanza Jean Francois, yabwiye RBA, ko gusibiza umunyeshuri mu gihe hari ibyo atarageraho ari ibintu byiza ariko bisaba kumufasha by’umwihariko.

Ati “Bituma umwana bya bindi byajyaga bimurushya asa n’uwongeyemo imbaraga, ibyo atumvaga abyumve neza. Mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’amashuri abanza (Tronc Commun), umwimuye azagera mu mwaka wa gatandatu ntacyo azi. Mwarimu afite uruhare rwe n’umubyeyi afite uruhare rwe. Ikiba gikenewe ni uko igihe mwarimu yamuhaye umukoro, umubyeyi ni ukumuba hafi akareba ko yabikoze.”

Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Dr Uwamariya Valentine, yatangaje ko abanyeshuri batsinzwe batazahabwa ibigo ngo bakomeze mu byiciro bikurikira nk’uko byari bisanzwe ahubwo bazasibizwa

Masengesho Bertin wakoze Robot n’amapave

Kuri uyu wa kabiri tariki ya 05 Ukwakira 2021, umunsi hizihizwa umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe mwarimu, hahembwe abarimu babaye indashyikirwa mu byiciro by’amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye mu mashuri ya Leta n’ayigenga.

Uwabaye indashyikirwa mu mashuri abanza ikiciro cy’amashuri yigenga ni Masengesho Bertin wo mu ishuri Authentic International Academy ryo mu Karere ka Nyagatare.

Masengesho w’imyaka 29 y’amavuko wize imibare, ubugenge n’ubutabire (Maths, Physics and Chemistry) mu mashuri yisumbuye, akaba afite impamyabushobozi y’ikiciro cya mbere cya kaminuza mu ibaruramari (Accounting), amaze imyaka icyenda mu kazi k’uburezi.

Avuga ko mu gihe cya ‘Guma mu Rugo’ aribwo yatekereje kugira ibyo yikorera byamuhuza atangirira ku ituragiro ry’amagi y’inkoko, Robot ndetse n’amapave mu macupa ya pulasitike.

Avuga ko abikora atari agamije irushanwa ahubwo yagira ngo arebe ko hari icyo ashoboye muri we by’umwihariko ku macupa ya pulasitike, akaba yari agamije kurengera ibidukikije.

Ati “Urabona amacupa, amabase yamenetse n’ibindi bikoresho bya pulasitike usanga binyanyagiye ahantu hatandukanye kandi bibangamiye ibidukikije, narabifashe mbitwikira mu ngunguru, umushongi wabyo nawuvanze n’umucanga mbona havuyemo ipave ryiza, ndabikomeza.”

Avuga ko mu gucanira ibikoresho bya pulasitike apfundikira ingunguru yifashisha kugira ngo na none umwuka wabyo udahumanya ikirere.

Robot yo ngo yayikoze agamije kuzafasha abanyeshuri gufungura ubwonko, ibyo bumvaga ku maradiyo cyangwa babona kuri televiziyo ko na bo bashobora kuba babikora. Avuga ko atarayisoza ku buryo yatangira kwifashishwa ariko bishobotse yazabigeraho.

Masengesho avuga ko kuba yabaye indashyikirwa byamushimishije cyane ariko na none byamuhaye umukoro wo kuticara.

Agira ati “Sinabikoze ngamije irushanwa ariko kuba nditsinze ngiye gukoresha ubwonko nshake n’ibindi. Kwitwa indashyikirwa si ukugenda ngo mbyicarane, ahubwo ngiye kwerekera abandi.”

Avuga ko n’ubwo nta muhanuzi iwabo ariko mu gihe abantu bazaba babona icyo ibyo yakoze byamugejejeho bazemera akaberekera.

By’umwihariko umudugudu wa Mirama ya mbere Masengesho atuyemo, ngo na wo ugomba kuba ku isonga mu kurengera ibidukikije.

Ati “Nk’ahantu hatuye indashyikirwa ku rwego rw’Igihugu na ho nzaharanira ko hahora isuku kandi abaturage barusheho kurengera ibidukikije”.

Amapave akozwe mu macupa ya pulasitiki

Masengesho avuga ko agiye kuba umusemburo w’ibishoboka abantu bagakora kandi bakiteza imbere.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Nyagatare wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza, Murekatete Juliet, avuga ko kuba mu myaka itatu uhereye 2018, Akarere ka Nyagatare hamaze kubonekamo abarimu b’indashyikirwa babiri ku rwego rw’Igihugu n’umwe ku rwego rw’Intara, ari ikizere ko ireme ry’uburezi rigenda rizamuka muri ako karere.

Avuga ko ku banyeshuri baba bigishwa n’aba barimu baba indashyikirwa bituma barushaho kubagirira ikizere bityo n’ibyo babigisha bakarushaho kubyitaho no kubyiga neza.

Naho ku dushya twahanzwe na Masengesho avuga ko bagiye gukangurira ibindi bigo by’amashuri bakamusura, bakagira ibyo bamwigiraho.

Ati “Urumva nk’utu dushya afite ni ibintu yakwicara agakorana n’abandi benshi, agakora koperative, tukagira ahantu hakorerwa amapave mu karere kacu”.

Ikindi ni uko ngo ibyo Masengesho Bertin akora bigiye kuzajya bikorwa n’abanyeshuri babibona kugira ngo na bo biyumvemo ko hari ibyo bakora mu maboko yabo.

Avuga kandi ko iby’uyu mwarimu bizafasha no mu kwigisha urubyiruko ruziga mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro.

Abarimu babwiye Kigali Today ibi, ariko batifuje ko amazina yabo atangazwa, bavuga ko iki kibazo bakigejeje ku nzego zitandukanye zibafite mu nshingano kugeza ku rwego rw’Akarere, basaba kwishyurwa ibyo birarane, ariko ngo kugeza ubu, bikaba ntacyo bitanga.

Umwe mu batangiye akazi muri Mutarama 2021, usangiye ikibazo na bagenzi be, cyo kuba atarahembwe ukwezi kwa Mutarama ndetse n’ukwakurikiyeho kwa Gashyantare, agira ati: “Ni ikibazo kidukomereye kubona bigeze iki gihe tutarishyurwa iyo mishahara. Guhera mu kwa gatatu twishyuza ayo mezi yombi, twategereje amafaranga, tubonye bidushobeye tuniyambaza Akarere, duhamagara ku matelefoni bigera n’ubwo twandika amabaruwa, tubagaragariza ikibazo cyacu; none biracyari ahongaho, nta gisubizo gifatika twigeze duhabwa kugeza ubu”.

Iki kibazo ku ikubitiro abarimu biganjemo abo mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye yo mu Karere ka Rulindo bari bagisangiye ari benshi, ariko ubwo byageraga muri Mata uyu mwaka, ngo hari abishyuwe abandi basigara n’ubundi batishyuwe, ari na bo bakomeje gutakamba basaba ko ikibazo cyabo gikemuka.

Ngo kuba bageze iki gihe kiri gusatira impera y’umwaka bakiberewemo umwenda w’ayo mafaraga y’imishahara, ntibanagaragarizwe ikibazo cyabayeho, aba barimu babifata nko kubarangarana.

Hari uwagize ati: “Nkanjye ayo mafaranga nateganyaga kuyazigama mu bimina duhuriyemo na bagenzi banjye, mvuga nti nagwira nzayashore mu buhinzi n’ubworozi, niteze imbere nk’abandi; None ubu dore igihe kirenga amezi umunani kirashize twiruka mu buyobozi ngo buduhe ayo mafaranga, bwaraducecekanye buratwihorera; twe abatarigeze bishyurwa icyizere ndabona kigenda kiraza amasinde. Kandi rwose ntibyumvikana ukuntu iki gihe cyose gishira, ikibazo kizwi n’inzego zose ariko kikaba kidakemuka. Ubu se umuntu ntiyabyita uburangare?”.

Ati: “Namwe muzi ukuntu muri twa dufaranga duke mwarimu ahembwa, ari two avanamo ubukode bw’inzu, ayo ahahisha no kurihira abana minerivale. Twibaza impamvu ababishinzwe birengagije ibi, bakaba bakomeje kuryama ku dufaranga twacu twari ku mpamvu zidasobanutse. Ubu koko bazi ko tubayeho dute?”

Turacyagerageza kuvugisha ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Rulindo, mu gihe bwagira icyo butangaza kuri iyi nkuru, turabibagezaho,…

Guraride ni uburyo bw’amagare yagiye ashyirwa hirya no hino muri Kigali ashobora kwifashishwa n’ubushika wese. Icyo umuntu asabwa ni ukuba afite application ya ‘Guraride’.

Umaze gushyira iyi application muri telefone yawe ikwereka ahantu hose hari sitasiyo mu Mujyi wa Kigali ushobora gusangaho aya magare.

Iyo uhageze uhasanga umu-agent ukamubwira ko ushaka igare akariguha akamuha indangamuntu akayifotora ubundi ukaritwara. Uyu mu-agent niwe ukubwira imihanda wemerewe kuritwaramo mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Aya magare akoranye ikoranabuhanga kuko akoreshwa n’amashanyarazi kandi akaba afite GPS ituma akurikiranwa. Nubwo kugeza ubu akoreshwa ku buntu mu minsi iri imbere azatangira kwishyurwa.

Ni umushinga watangijwe n’abashoramari batanu bahuriye mu kigo kizwi nka Safi ride/Guraride.

Umwe muri aba bashoramari akaba na Visi Perezida wa Safi ride ni, Umunyarwandakazi witwa Niyonkuru Christella.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Niyonkuru wavukiye mu Burundi kuri se w’Umunyarwanda na nyina w’Umurundikazi yavuze ko yaje kwimukira muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika akiri muto

Ati “Nize amashuri abanza mu Burundi ariko sinaharangirije kuko nahise njya muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika niho nize andi mashuri yanjye yose muri Washington DC.”

Nyuma yo kumara imyaka myinshi mu mahanga, yagize igitekerezo cyo gutaha kubera ibyiza yabonye mu Rwanda ubwo yarusuraga mu 2015.

Ati “Igitekerezo cyo gutaha cyaje igihe nazaga mu Rwanda nkuze mu 2015 naje mu kiruhuko gusura umuryango nibwo nabonye ukuntu ari heza, iyo umuntu aba hanze cyane urubyiruko twakuriyeyo twagiye turi abana, bafite ukuntu batakwereka ibibi byo muri Afurika nibwo nakuze mbona ko atari ahantu heza ho kuba.”

Nyuma yo kubona ko ibyo yabwirwaga kuri Afurika atari byo ngo nibwo yatekereje gutaha.

Ati “Ubwo nazaga gusura umuryango nibwo nahise ngira igitekerezo nti ese uwaza hano, kubera iki ndimo ndavunikira igihugu kitari icyanjye nkoresha ubwenge bwinshi nteza imbere igihugu cyitari icyacu kuki nta tahaha ngo nteze imbere iwacu.”

Nyuma yo kumara igihe ashaka ibintu bitandukanye ashobora gukorera mu Rwanda, Niyonkuru yaje gutekereza ku buryo bw’ingendo zifashisha amagare yagiye abona mu mujyi yateye imbere.

Ati “Naravuze nti kuki tutazana ubundi buryo bw’ingendo bwiza bujyanye n’icyerekezo cy’igihugu bitanangiza ikirere. Byaje kuko ubwo buryo nsanzwe mbuzi hanze kuko nahakuriye. Kuko u Rwanda ari igihugu kiri gutera imbere nibwo navuze ngo kanyazane hano.”

Yavuze ko nyuma yo kugira iki gitekerezo yakiganirije inshuti ye ikomoka muri Nigeria yitwa Tony Adesina.

Uyu Tony niwe muyobozi Mukuru wa Safi Ride akaba yari yariganye na Niyonkuru muri Kaminuza muri Amerika.

Ati “Nazanye igitekerezo ntekereza uburyo twagikora mu gihugu mfite inshuti yanjye twiganye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika akora ubucuruzi no kuri uyu mugabane n’iwabo muri Nigeria. Niko kumubwira nti wazaje ugasura u Rwanda ukaza ukahashora imari kuko mfite ibitekerezo byinshi ukamfasha tugakora ikintu hano ko nziko wahakunda.”

“Ni uko namuzanye azagusura arahakunda tugira ibitekerezo byinshi dufata umwanzuro ku cy’ingendo ahita azana n’abandi bashoramari kuko ni ikintu gikomeye tutari gushobora turi abantu babiri ahita azana abandi batanu mu kigo ubwo twese turi abantu batanu.”

Niyonkuru yavuze ko ikorwa ry’aya magare rinubakiye ku gitekerezo cya Made in Rwanda kuko ateranyirizwa mu Rwanda ndetse akaba yaranahawe n’amabara agize ibendera ry’Igihugu.

Birenze uko twabitekereza

Nyuma y’igihe gito uyu mushinga utangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa, Niyonkuru yavuze ko yatunguwe n’uburyo igitekerezo cyabo cyashyigikiwe na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ndetse n’Abanyarwanda muri rusange.

Ati “Ibyo abantu batwereka birenze uko twabitekerezaga kuba twaratangiye tukabona Minisiteri Gatete yitabiriye icyo gikorwa cyacu ni ibintu birenze no kubona Umuyobozi w’Umujyi n’abo muri polisi, Guverinema igushyigikiye ibintu birikora.”

“N’abantu baratwandikira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bigaragaza ko amagare bayishimiye ari meza, agenda neza yoroshye gutwara no ku bagore n’abana ya buri wese tumaze kubona ibisubizo byiza. Ndashimira abaturage uko babyakiriye.”

Kugeza ubu uyu mushinga umaze gutanga akazi ku bantu 40 ndetse hari icyizere cy’uko bazagenda biyongera kuko Niyonkuru ahamya ko intego ari ukuwugeza mu gihugu hose.

Ati “Njye ubu kunguka kwajye kwaratangiye kuba naratangije umushinga twarawumuritse, dufite aho dukorera twarahaye akazi abakozi 40 ibyo kuri njye ni inyungu.”

“Mu myaka icumi iri imbere turifuza ko yaba iri ahantu hose mu Rwanda, umuturage uri ahantu hose abashe kuyabona haba uri i Rubavu, Nyagatare turashaka ko agerwaho na buri muturage uwo ariwe wese.”

Niyonkuru Christella yavuze ko nyuma yo kugera mu Rwanda akabona uburyo ibintu byose bikorwa mu mucyo ashishikariza Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga gutaha abatabishoboye bakahashora imari.

Ati “Umunyarwanda uba hanze inama namugira naze mu Rwanda arebe ubwiza bwaho, iyo mbimenya nari kuza cyera nanjye kuko ibihugu byo hanze bitwibagiza iwacu kuko baba batinya ko ibyabo twabyiba tukabizana hano.”

“Ndashaka Abanyarwanda bari hanze bafunguke n’iyo utaza kuba aha ariko teza imbere igihugu cyawe, iryo terambere uri kubona waje ugateza imbere aha kuko ibyo bihugu byo byamaze gutera imbere kandi si iwacu.”

Intego za Guraride ni uguteza imbere uburyo bw’ingendo butangiza ibidukikije n’umwuka abantu bahumeka, hifashishijwe moto n’amagare akoresha amashanyarazi.

Hashize igihe gito mu Mujyi wa Kigali hatangijwe uburyo bw’ingendo bwifashisha aya magare

Aya magare ateranyirizwa mu Rwanda

Aya magare azajya akoreshwa n’ubishaka wese

Niyonkuru Christella ari kumwe na Minisitiri w’Ibikorwaremezo, Claver Gatete, Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Kigali, Pudence Rubingisa n’Umuyobozi wa Polisi wungirije mu ishami rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda, ACP Ruyenzi Teddy ubwo habaga umuhango wo gutangiza Guraride

Christella Niyonkuru asobanurira abayobozi batandukanye imiterere y’uyu mushinga

Christella Niyonkuru yafashe icyemezo cyo gutangiza Guraride nyuma y’imyaka mike atashye mu Rwanda

Uzabumwana Pascal ni umwe mu bafashwe batwaye ibinyabiziga banyoye ibisindisha, avuga ko yafashwe ku wa Gatandatu tariki ya 2 Ukwakira 2021 nimugoroba atwaye Taxi. Yasabye imbabazi avuga ko atazongera gutwara ikinyabiziga yanyoye ibisindisha.

Yagize ati “Hari ku isaha ya saa tatu z’ijoro abapolisi barampagarika bampimye basanga nanyoye inzoga, nari nanyoye icupa rimwe rwose. Ndasaba imbabazi ko ntazongera kunywa inzoga ntwaye imodoka, nzajya nywa ibinyobwa bidasembuye.”

Dushakamahoro Ildephonse atwara abagenzi kuri Moto (umumotari), yavuze ko ari igisebo kuko yafashwe atwaye moto yanyoye ibisindisha.

Ati “Ejo nahuye n’umuntu arambwira ati dore imvura yakunyagiye ngwino nkugurire agacupa, twaricaye turanywa, nanyweye amacupa atanu kuko nari mfite icyizere ko ndi hafi yo mu rugo. Abapolisi baramfashe basanga nanyoye.”

Dushakamahoro yagiriye inama abamotari bagenzi be ndetse n’abandi baturarwanda muri rusange kujya birinda gutwara ibinyabiziga banyoye ibisindisha.

Ati “Inama nagira bagenzi banjye ni uko bazajya banywa inzoga igihe bataributware ibinyabiziga. Wakumva wanyoye ugaparika ntiwongere gutwara kuko byateza ibibazo bikomeye birimo gukora impanuka zikaba zahitana ubuzima bw’abantu, ndetse bakaba bafungwa bagacibwa amande nka gutya nafashwe.”

Umuvugizi wa Polisi mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba, CIP Bonaventure Twizere Karekezi, yavuze ko Polisi idashobora kwihanganira abantu bakirenga ku mabwiriza ndetse bashobora guteza impanuka zo mu muhanda. Yagarutse kuri bamwe bamara gufatwa bakiregura bavuga ko bari basomye gakeya.

Yagize ati “Aba bantu uko ari barindwi bafatiwe mu bikorwa bya Polisi bigamije kurwanya abatwara ibinyabiziga banyoye ibisindisha. Abavuga ko bari basomye agacupa kamwe icyo tubabwira ni uko igihe bazi ko bari butware ikinyabiziga bakwirinda kujya basoma ku nzoga, ibipimo byacu ntabwo bireba umubare w’amacupa y’inzoga wanyoye cyangwa umubare wa Litiro wanyoye, icyo tureba ni urugero rw’umusemburo w’ibinyobwaba yanyoye.”

Yongeye kwibutsa abantu ko ibipimo fatizo bya Alukoro mu muntu ari 0.8 kuzamura, icyo gihe ufatwa nk’umuntu utwaye ikinyabiziga wanyoye ibisindisha. Yagarutse kuri bamwe mu bantu bamara gufatwa bakitwaza ko bari banyoye ibinyobwa bidasembuye, yavuze ko ubwo ari uburyo bwo kwiregura nyamara baba babizi ko banyoye ibinyobwa bisembuye.

Yongeye kwibutsa abantu ko Polisi nta muntu ibuza kunywa inzoga, ko ahubwo ibagira inama yo kwirinda gutwara ikinyabiziga igihe cyose bayisomyeho.

Mutabazi Reverien

Mutabazi ni umushoferi, uwo murimo awukora kuva na kera kuko no mu gihe cya Jenoside yawukoraga.

Avuga ko abo yahungishije ari abantu 18 bo mu muryango w’uwitwa Gaspard Rutabagisha wari inshuti ye, bamuhungiyeho nyuma y’uko we yari yamaze guhungira i Burundi.

Rutabagisha uyu ngo hari igihe abaturanyi bajyaga bamutera mu gasantere bari baturiye, bamwita inyenzi. Ubwo indege yari itwaye Habyarimana yagwaga, Rutabagisha yagiye kumureba, amubwira ko atekereza ko nta mahoro aza kugira, kuko na mbere hose ntayo yari afite.

Ubwo iwabo hageraga ibitero by’abicanyi bari baturutse za Mubuga na Mudasomwa, Mutabazi yagiye gushaka ya nshuti ye arayibura, agakeka ko bari bayicanye na bene wabo kuko aho yari atuye ari ho ibitero byari byerekeje.

Ariko ngo yaje kumenya ko yari yahungiye i Burundi, hanyuma abana be ndetse na bene wabo bamuhungiraho, abonye abicanyi bashobora kuza kubamwicana yiyemeza kubaherekeza bakajya i Burundi.

Ati “Uva iwanjye ujya i Burundi ubundi ni iminota 30, ariko twahagenze hafi amasaha ane, kuko twagendaga twihishahisha, uretse ko no mu bo nari mperekeje harimo abakecuru batabashaga kwihuta.”

I Burundi ngo yabashyikirije uwari Chef de zone, ashatse kugaruka mu Rwanda muri iryo joro baramubuza, kugira ngo azabanze abonane na Rutabagisha yazaniye abantu.

Agira ati “Bukeye bwaho twarabonanye, dusezeranaho, ni uko ngaruka mu Rwanda.”

Icyakora abaturanyi bari bamubonye i Burundi ngo baketse ko yagiye kubwira Rutabagisha amakuru y’ubwicanyi n’ababikoze, maze mu nzira agaruka abantu bamubwira ko nagera iwe bamwica, ni ko gusubira i Burundi aho yamaze ukwezi, hanyuma Inkotanyi zafata u Rwanda akagaruka.

Nyuma ya Jenoside ngo yakomeje kubana neza n’abaturanyi, ariko abumva Radiyo Agatashya bakajya bamubwira ko bamuvugaho, bakavuga ko ari icyitso cy’inkotanyi, kandi ko hari igihe bazabonana.

Mu mwaka wa 1997 ngo baramuteye, bamwicira umugore n’umwana mutoya, bica nyirarume wari waje kubasura ndetse n’inka eshanu.

Agira ati “Mu masaa tanu z’ijoro ni bwo baje, bakubita urugi bambwira ngo ninkingure nanjye mbabwira ko ntakingurira abo ntazi. Bamaze amasaha atatu barwana n’urugi, birangira baruciye barinjra. Ni uko bica marume wamfashije guhungira muri pulafo, banyicira n’umugore n’umwana ndetse n’inka eshanu. Bagiye bibwira ko nanjye banyishe kuko no muri pulafo baharashe.”

Icyo gihe ngo yatabawe n’Ingabo z’u Rwanda zaturutse mu kigo cyari ahitwa i Remera, zari ziyobowe na Kapiteni Ruvusha.

Kuri ubu asaba abantu bose, cyane cyane abakiri bato, kubana neza agira ati “Nta muntu ukwiye kuvutsa undi ubuzima. Ubuzima butangwa n‘Imana, bukisubizwa n’Imana. Abantu bajye babana neza.”

Tariki ya 13 Nzeri 2021 uwitwa Havugimana yafatiwe kuri “station” ya “essence” ya Kobil mu Mujyi wa Gisenyi mu Karere ka Rubavu arimo gutema urusinga (underground cable) rucanira amatara yo muri uwo Mujyi. Icyo gihe yasanganywe n’izindi nsinga yibye za REG ahita ashyikirizwa RIB ngo akurikiranwe.

Ku munsi ukurikiyeho tariki ya 14 Nzeri 2021 uwitwa Ngendahimana Jean Claude w’imyaka 42, na we yafatiwe mu cyuho yiba umuriro ndetse yiyita umukozi wa REG arimo arahurira umuriro uwitwa Jeanine Mukarusine, mu mujyi wa Kigali mu Karere ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Kigali. Na we yahise ashyikirizwa RIB ya Nyarugenge ngo akurikiranwe.

Tariki 20 Nzeri 2021 hafashwe abantu babiri bakekwaho kwiba amashanyarazi. Abo ni Harerimama ufite imyaka 40 na Ngezahoguhora ufite imyaka 33. Bafatiwe mu Kagari ka Rwaza, Umurenge wa Rugerero, mu Karere ka Rubavu ndetse bahita bashyikirizwa RIB ya Gisenyi ngo bakurikiranwe.

Tariki 22 Nzeri 2021 uwitwa Nzamwita Theo yafashwe yiyita umukozi wa REG ndetse yubakira abaturage imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi itemewe muri Rubavu,Umurenge wa Rugerero, Akagari ka Rugerero, Umudugudu wa Rusamaza. Na we yahise ashyikirizwa RIB ya Gisenyi ngo abibazwe.

Tariki 24 Nzeri 2021 Niyoyita na Niyomukiza batuye mu Kagari ka Katabaro, Umurenge wa Kimisagara, Akarere ka Nyarugenge bafashwe bakoresha amashanyarazi y’amibano. Bose bahise bashyikirizwa RIB ngo bakurikiranwe.

Tariki 29 Nzeri 2021 Nsengimana bakunze kwita Bikabyo utuye mu Mudugudu w’Agatare, Akagari ka Karitutu, mu Murenge wa Muhazi, Akarere ka Rwamagana yafatiwe mu cyuho akekwaho kwiba amashanyarazi ndetse yiyita umukozi wa REG. Yahise ashyikirizwa RIB ya Kigabiro ngo abibazwe.

Abiba umuriro n’abiyita abakozi ba REG bagakora ibyo batemerewe barahagurukiwe

Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe ubucuruzi mu Kigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi (EUCL), Karegeya Wilson, avuga ko abakekwa bose bagezwa imbere y’ubutabera bagakurikiranwa kuri ibyo bikorwa bibi ndetse ashishikariza abaturage gukomeza gukorana na REG n’inzego z’umutekano kuranga izi nkozi z’ibibi cyane cyane ko kwiba amashanyarazi bimunga ubukungu bw’Igihugu.

Karegeya yamaganye ibikorwa byo kwiba amashanyarazi, anasaba abaturage kubyirinda kuko ngo uretse kuba bidindiza iterambere ry’igihugu, bishobora no guteza impanuka za hato na hato.

Ati “REG ifatanyije n’inzego z’umutekano n’abaturage buri gihe ikora ubugenzuzi bugamije guhagarika ibikorwa by’abantu biba amashanyarazi mu gihugu hose, kuko uretse kuba ari igihombo ku kigo, ni igihombo no ku Gihugu kuko bibangamira intego z’iterambere ry’Igihugu”.

Abantu baranze inyubako ziba amashanyarazi hari igihembo bagenerwa na REG kubera icyo gikorwa bakoze.

Kwiba amashanyarazi kandi ni icyaha gihanwa n’itegeko nimero Nº52/2018 ryo ku wa 13/08/2018 risimbura iryavuguruwe Nº21/2011 ryo ku wa 23/06/2011.

Ni inkuru dukesha Sosiyete y’u Rwanda ishinzwe ingufu (REG)