Tag: featured

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo ‘Motion Picture Assossiation’ bwagaragaje ko uruganda rwa sinema muri Amerika rwatanze imirimo igera kuri miliyoni ebyiri n’igice ndetse rufasha gufungura ubucuruzi (Business) bushingiye kuri uyu mwuga burenga ibihumbi 93. Nk’uko byumvikana mu mibare ni uruganda rufatiye runini ingeri zitandukanye z’abantu aho muri Amerika.

Tuve gato i Hollywood tugaruke mu Rwanda aho uru ruganda nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 rugenda rwaguka umunsi ku wundi rukaba rutunze ibyiciro bitandukanye by’abantu bakora uyu mwuga.

Abari n’abategarugori bamaze kwiteza imbere babikesha sinema (Ifoto yo mu bubiko)

Mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, sinema nyarwanda yakorwaga binyuze mu ikinamico aho abakinnyi b’icyari “Indamutsa” batambutsaga umukino wabo binyuze mu majwi gusa dore ko icyo gihe isakazamashusho ryari ritaragira imbaraga rifite nk’uyu munsi n’ubwo uko babikoraga mu majwi gusa bitaburaga gukora ku marangamutima y’abakuru n’abato bikaba ngombwa ko bamwe banika amabuye ku kazuba kugira ngo ikinamico itabacika.

Uruganda rwa sinema nyarwanda muri rusange nta myaka 20 rumaze rutangiye mu buryo bufatika. Muri uyu mwuga, abari n’abategarugori ntibasigaye inyuma kuko uko ibihe byagendaga bisimburana na bo bagendaga batinyuka kuwujyamo ndetse bagenda bagira uruhare mu mirimo itandukanye ikenerwa muri sinema.

Mu ikorwa rya filime kugira ngo izasohoke igere hanze, hakenerwa imirimo itandukanye irimo ubwanditsi, kuyiyobora, kuyishoramo amafaranga, kuyikina, kuyitunganya, ifatwa ry’amajwi, amashusho, kuzayicuruza no kuyisakaza ndetse n’ibindi bikorwa byinshi bikenerwa kugira ngo igihangano kigere hanze kinoze kibereye ijisho.

Icyakora n’ubwo mu Rwanda abari n’abategarugori batasigaye inyuma muri sinema, hari bamwe bagaragaza impungenge ndetse n’ibigusha biri muri uyu mwuga.

Hakunda kumvikana bamwe mu bari n’abategarugori bagaruka ku nzitizi bahuye na zo ubwo binjiraga muri uyu mwuga aho bamwe mu bayobora cyangwa se abahitamo abakinnyi babanza kubaka ruswa kugira ngo babashe gutoranywa mu bakinnyi b’imena muri filime runaka n’ubwo benshi baterura ngo bashyire hanze uwabasabye iyo ruswa cyangwa wabashyizeho andi mananiza.

Mukakamanzi Beatha wamenyekanye muri sinema nyarwanda nka ‘Mama Nick’ muri filime y’uruhererekane ‘City Maid’ itambuka kuri Televisiyo Rwanda asaba abakiri bato by’umwihariko abangavu bifuza kugana uyu mwuga kuba maso ndetse imbaraga nyinshi bakazishyira mu kwihugura mu kunoza umwuga aho kwizezwa ibitangaza n’abifuza kubaganisha mu bishuko.

Ni byo yasobanuye ati “Mujye mujyana ubwenge, ntimugatware imibiri yanyu, imibiri yanyu si yo izatuma mukora akazi neza, ahubwo ubwenge ufite ube ari bwo ushyira imbere kuko ni bwo buzakubashisha gukora akazi neza ukanoza umurimo neza uko babyifuza.”

Ku bigendanye n’abatanga amafaranga ngo babashe guhabwa imyanya yo gukina muri filime runaka, Mukakamanzi aburira abakiri bato ko aho kuyaha ushinzwe gutoranya abakinnyi ngo abahe ibyo batagenewe, bakabaye bayashyira mu mashuri abatoza kuzavamo abakinnyi beza.

Ati “Njya mbabwira nti ese wowe urayatangira iki? Umuntu nimba akubwiye ngo arakunyuza muri filime ye ibyo birimo ubwenge? Aho kuyatanga aho, wakabaye uyatanga aho wiga gukina filimi (Acting) kuko ni byo byakugirira akamaro.”

“Iyo watswe ruswa y’igitsina nawe ukayitanga uba uri injiji, ukwiye guhabwa ikintu kuko ugikwiye aho gutanga umubiri wawe. Ibyo byari bikwiye gucika kuko ntuba uhaye agaciro umubiri wawe”.

Jacqueline Murekeyisoni Umuyobozi mukuru wa Cine Femme Rwanda, umuryango w’abari n’abategarugori babarizwa mu mwuga wa sinema mu Rwanda, na we asanga bitari ngombwa ko abari n’abategarugori bose bakwirundira mu kintu kimwe ari cyo gukina gusa (Acting) kuko muri sinema habamo imirimo itandukanye kandi yose itanga amafaranga. Bagakwiye kuyihuguraho maze ikabarinda kuba bagira aho bahurira n’iryo hohoterwa rivugwamo.

Yagize ati “Umu star (icyamamare) agirwa umu star n’ikintu cyabanje kubaho uwanditse ya filime, uwayirariyeho amajoro, uwo muntu atariho wa mu star ntabaho, wa muntu ukina ntabaho, ese wowe wakoze icyo kugira ngo nawe utange akazi, hera aho ngaho, fata ikaramu wandike bya bindi wakinaga nawe ukinishe abandi. Imirimo ya sinema irungikanye kandi irimo amafaranga.”

Kuva ku wa 4 kugeza kuya 11 Ukwakira mu Rwanda hari kubera Iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga ngarukamwaka ry’abagore muri sinema ryiswe “Urusaro International Women Film Festival” rifasha kugaragaza impano z’abari n’abategarugori muri uyu mwuga kuri iyi nshuro rikaba rizibanda cyane ku gufasha abategarugori kubereka inyungu ziba mu kwihuza ndetse no kwihugura ku murimo wo gutunganya filimi. Ayo mahugurwa azajya abera mu cyumba cy’ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya muri IPRC Kicukiro ndetse iri serukiramuco rikaba rizasozwa no kwerekana amafilimi abari n’abategarugori bagizemo uruhare mu gutunganya bikazabera kuri Canal Olympia ku Irebero.

Iterambere ry’umwuga wa sinema ntiryagerwaho mu gihe ubunyamwuga butabanje kubakirwa ku bumenyi ubufatanye n’ubushobozi bw’abayikora, ibi bikaba byagarutsweho n’umuyobozi wa Urusaro International Women Film Festival, Kaneza Floriane. Intego y’uyu mwaka muri iri serukiramuco ni ugufasha abashoramari b’abari n’abategarugori gushora imari muri sinema kuko uyu ni umwuga wabasha kubyazwamo andi mafaranga menshi mu gihe ubikoze abifiteho ubumenyi buhagije ndetse yabashije kwishyira hamwe na bagenzi be.

Uyu muyobozi yagize ati “Uyu mwaka twaje kubona ko ubufatanye no gukorera hamwe mu Banyarwanda muri sinema ari ikintu gikwiye guhabwa imbaraga kurusha uko byari bisanzwe kugira ngo sinema itere imbere.”

Abagore babiri bitabye Imana, bakaba umwe ari uwo mu Karere ka Nyamasheke w’imyaka 68 y’amavuko n’undi wo mu Karere ka Nyabihu w’imyaka 29 y’amavuko.

I Karongi na Ngororero buri hose habonetse abanduye bashya 20 muri buri Karere hakaba ari ho habonetse umubare munini ugereranyije n’ahandi.

I Gicumbi habonetse 13, i Kirehe haboneka 11, i Kigali haboneka 7, i Burera, Ngoma na Kayonza haboneka 6 muri buri Karere.

Mbere yaho ku wa Mbere tariki 04 Nzeri 2021 mu Rwanda hari habonetse abanduye Covid-19 bashya 81 mu bipimo 7,506.

Ibi byagarutsweho mu kwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wahariwe kuzirikana ku kamaro ka mwarimu, wizihijwe kuri uyu wa 5 Ukwakira ku rwego rw’Isi, aho wari ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti “” Abarimu ku isonga mu kubaka uburezi buhamye.”

Abarimu 36 b’indashyikirwa batoranyijwe bahembwe ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga birimo mudasobwa yahawe umwarimu wabaye uwa mbere mu kuzuza inshingano ze neza. Abarimu bahembwe ni abigisha mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Musanze Wungirije Ushinzwe Imibereho myiza y’Abaturage, Axelle Kamanzi, yibukije abarimu ko ari bo igihugu gikesha ejo hazaza.

Yagize ati “Twese tuzi agaciro ka mwarimu kuko twabanyuze imbere baraturera baradukuza. Tuzi ko mwarimu ari isoko y’iterambere rirambye mu muryango Nyarwanda. Turabasaba kurushaho kwitanga no guharanira uburezi buhamye, Leta izakomeza gufatanya namwe mu gukemura ibibazo byaba bikigaragara mu burezi.”

Ibi byanagarutsweho n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Kinigi, Twagirimana Aimable, wasabye abo barimu gutanga uburezi budasondetse no kurushaho guhesha ishema umwuga wabo.

Ku ruhande rw’abarimu bahembwe, bavuze ko ibi bihembo bizabafasha kurushaho gukora neza akazi kabo.

Bazayavuga Cyprien yavuze ko imibereho ya mwarimu yateye imbere mu myaka ishize, kandi ko bigira ingaruka nziza ku burezi bw’igihugu muri rusange, ati “Kuri ubu imibereho ya mwarimu imeze neza kuko ari umushahara ubonekera igihe kandi no muri Koperative Umwalimu SACCO tubonamo inguzanyo ku nyungu nto. Mu myaka itatu tuzamurwa mu ntera, ku buryo abarimu basigaye bagira ishyaka ryo gutanga umusaruro. Icyo twabwira abandi barimu ni uko bakora akazi kabo neza kuko turi kurerera igihugu.”

Mu Karere ka Musanze habarirwa abarimu bagera ku 2906 bigisha mu bigo bitandukanye bya Leta.

Abarimu bitwaye neza mu Karere ka Musanze bahembwe

Ubwo Covid-19 yibasiraga isi guhera muri Werurwe 2020, amashuri ni kimwe mu byagizweho ingaruka cyane kuko yahise afungwa n’igihe afunguriwe bikorwa mu bice mu rwego rwo kwirinda.

Minisiteri y’Uburezi yatangaje ko ayo masaha atanu yongerewe ku ngengabihe ya buri cyumweru, agamije kuziba icyo cyuho cy’igihe abanyeshuri bamaze batiga no gufasha abaherutse gutsindwa ibizamini bya Leta kongera kwihugura.

Ingengabihe nshya irimo n’ayo masaha y’inyongera izatangira kubahirizwa mu cyumweru gitaha tariki 11 Ukwakira, ubwo hazaba hafungurwa umwaka mushya w’amashuri 2021/2022.

Mu muhango wo kwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wahariwe mwarimu kuri uyu wa 5 Ukwakira 2021, Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Dr Uwamariya Valentine yasabye abarimu gushyira imbaraga mu iyubahirizwa ry’iyo ngengabihe nshya kugira ngo ibyare umusaruro, nkuko The New Times yabitangaje.

Icyakora hari abarimu babyinubiye, bavuga ko bizabongerera akazi kandi basanganywe akazi katoroshye cyane cyane muri ibi bihe bya Covid-19.

Callixte Rwakibibi umwe mu barimu yagize ati “Abarimu basanzwe baremerewe n’akazi ko gukosora no gutegura amasomo, kongeraho aya masaha y’ikirenga bizabagora cyane.”

Yavuze ko abarimu nta munsi w’ikiruhuko wajyaga uboneka mu Cyumweru bazaba bafite, ngo babone uko bita ku miryango yabo n’ibindi bibazo.

Minisitiri Uwamariya yavuze ko ayo masaha yongerewe mu rwego rwo gufasha abanyeshuri bose kwiga bagatsinda, nta kindi kibazo.

Ubusanzwe mu mashuri yigenga, ahenshi amasomo yatangiraga saa mbiri za mu gitondo agasozwa saa kumi z’umugoroba kuva ku wa Mbere kugera ku wa Gatanu. Mu mashuri ya Leta ho bigaga mu byiciro, aho kimwe cyigaga guhera saa moya kugeza saa tanu n’iminota 45, ikindi cyiciro kigatangura saa saba kugeza saa kumi n’iminota 45.

Kugira ngo ayo masaha yongereweho yubahirizwa, hari amashuri ashobora kuzajya yigisha no mu mpera z’icyumweru kugira ngo porogaramu zose zubahirizwe.

Ku masaha abanyeshuri bigaga mu Cyumweru hiyongereyeho andi atanu mu rwego rwo kuziba icyuho cyatewe na Covid-19

Icyo gihe hibazwaga uburyo igihugu kitagira umutungo kamere, ntigikore ku nyanja, ntikigire ubuso bunini kandi kikaba mu bukene bukabije nyuma ya Jenoside n’intambara yari yayibanjirije, cyari bwivane muri ako kangaratete k’ibibazo byari bimeze nk’ibitazabonerwa ibisubizo burundu, kugeza ubwo bamwe mu batekereza hafi basabye ko u Rwanda ruseswa, igice kimwe kigahabwa Abahutu ikindi kigahabwa Abatutsi.

Ku Banyarwanda benshi bari mu mahanga kubera ubuhinzi, ipfunwe n’igisebo byabomaga inyuma aho bari hose. Buri wese ubabonye yabanzaga kwibaza uburyo barokotse, akagira amatsiko yo kumenya ubwoko bwabo, ku buryo hari abarenzwe n’iki kimwaro bakaba baniyambura Ubunyarwanda, cyangwa bakifuza kuba baragize inkomoko itandukanye.

Yaba abo Banyarwanda n’abanyamahanga babafataga nk’imfubyi, byari bigoye kubona ufite icyizere cy’umuzuko w’u Rwanda rushya, kabone nubwo Jenoside yari imaze guhagarikwa.

U Rwanda rwahariwe ba nyirarwo barangajwe imbere na FPR-Inkotanyi yari imaze kurubohora, Abanyarwanda batangira kongera kurwubaka gahoro gahoro kugera muri za 2010, ubwo rwari rumaze kuba igihugu kiri ku murongo, rwongera kandi kugaruka cyane mu matwi y’abatuye Isi, ku iyi nshuro hakibazwa uburyo iki gihugu cyari cyarazimye, cyabashije kubaka iterambere riri ku muvuduko uri hejuru kandi mu gihe gito, byose bigakorwa n’amaboko y’Abanyarwanda.

Banki y’Isi yabaye umuhamya w’iri terambere, kuko yavuze ko “U Rwanda rwabashije gushyiraho amavugurura y’ingenzi mu bukungu yatumye rushobora gukomeza kuzamura ubukungu bwarwo [bwari ku mpuzandengo ya 7.2% hagati ya 2009 na 2019].”

Uretse kuzamura ubukungu, imibereho y’Abanyarwanda yateye imbere mu zindi nzego zirimo uburinganire, isuku n’umutekano, kurwanya ruswa n’ibindi bitandukanye byahesheje u Rwanda ibihembo ku rwego mpuzamahanga, bikaruhesha ishema rwari rwarambuwe n’amateka mabi rwanyuzemo.

Ntabwo bikunze kubaho ko ibihugu bihinduka bikava mu bukene bukomeye mu gihe gito nk’u Rwanda rwabikoze, kandi rukabikora mu buryo budasanzwe kuko rudafite ibyagatumye rutera imbere vuba nk’umutungo kamera no gukora ku nyanja.

Uyu mwihariko w’imbogamizi z’u Rwanda birihariye, icyakora hari ibyo ruhuriyeho n’ibindi byinshi, kandi na byo byakoze iyo bwabaga bikubaka iterambere rirambye mu gihe gito, urugero rwiza rukunze kugarukwaho kuri iyi ngingo rukaba Singapore.

Nta gushidikanya ko u Rwanda rwigiye byinshi ku iterambere rya Singapore, ndetse ibi binagaragarira mu bufatanye buri hagati y’ibihugu byombi, buri mu nzego nyinshi zirimo uburezi, ikoranabuhanga, ubutabera n’izindi nyinshi Singapore yateyemo imbere.

Ni uwuhe mwihariko wa Singapore?

Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza impamvu iterambere ry’u Rwanda rigereranywa n’irya Singapore, ni ngombwa ko tubanza kumva iterambere rya Singapore nyirizina. Iki gihugu kitagira icyaro, kiri ku buso buto bwa kirometero kare 724 km2, aho kirutwa n’Umujyi wa Kigali, uri ku buso bungana na kirometero kare 730km2.

Nubwo ari igihugu gito, Singapore iratuwe bifatika, kuko abaturage bayo bangana na miliyoni 5.7, ibituma iki gihugu kiza ku mwanya wa gatatu ku Isi mu bifite ubucucike bwinshi bw’abaturage, kuko gituwe n’abantu 8.358 kuri kirometero kare imwe.

Mu bihe bitandukanye, abantu bakunze kwibaza niba Singapore itazuzura ikabura aho ishyira abantu, gusa Ikigo Gishinzwe Imiturire muri icyo gihugu (HDB), giherutse kumaraho izo mpungenge kivuga ko Singapore ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abandi bantu barenga miliyoni enye mu gihe byaba ngombwa.

Mu myaka 50 ishize, Singapore yari igihugu kiri mu bikennye kurusha ibindi ku Isi, aho umuturage yinjizaga amafaranga arengaho gato 500 y’Amadolari y’Amerika. Mu 2019 mbere y’umwaduko wa Covid-19, umuturage wa Singapore yinjizaga ibihumbi 65$ ku mwaka, avuye ku bihumbi 21$ mu 2000, ibishyura Singapore mu bihugu bikize ku Isi, icyiciro yinjiyemo mu mpera y’Ikinyejana cya 20.

Umusaruro mbumbe w’iki gihugu, ungana na miliyari 379$.

Singapore ibarirwa mu bihugu biteye imbere cyane ku rwego rw’Isi, nyamara cyari igihugu gikennye cyane mu myaka 60 ishize

Ni gute Singapore yageze kuri iri terambere?

Iterambere ridasanzwe rya Singapore ryagizwemo uruhare cyane n’ahantu iherereye, rwagati mu nzira ihuza Inyanja y’u Buhinde, u Bushinwa ndetse n’ibihugu biri mu Majyepfo ashyira Iburasirazuba bwa Aziya.

Ahagana mu 1819, u Bwongereza bwari bwarakolonije Australie, bwari bufite ikibazo cy’ahantu buparika amato mu nzira, na cyane ko amato yo muri ibyo bihe atari afite ubushobozi bwo gukora ingendo ndende, kandi u Bwongereza bukaba bwarakoranaga ubucuruzi n’ibihugu birimo u Bushinwa n’u Buhinde byari bikomeye cyane muri icyo gihe, uretse ko u Bwongereza bwaje kubikoloniza nyuma.

Ubwami bw’u Bwongereza bwatumye Stamford Raffles wari umusikare, kuva mu Buhinde akamanuka agana mu Nyanja ya Pacifique ashakisha ahantu heza amato yabo azajya aparika.

Muri urwo rugendo, Raffles yaje kugera ku Kirwa cya Singapore, yakirwa n’abasangwabutaka baho, arakizenguruka anyurwa n’imiterere yacyo, irimo n’iy’ikirere kitarangwa n’imiyaga myinshi kuko Singapore iri hafi y’umurongo wa Koma y’Isi (Equateur).

Uretse ikirere, Raffles yanarabutswe ibiti by’inganzamarumbo byari kuri icyo Kirwa, abona neza ko byakorwamo amato meza ndetse byanakoreshwa mu gusana andi mato yangirikiye mu nzira.

Nta kuzuyaza, yahise asaba abamukuriye gutangira ibikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro icyo Kirwa, ari na bwo u Bwongereza bwatangiye kwagura icyambu gito cyari cyarubatswe n’Abashinwa kuri icyo Kirwa mu Kinyajana cya 13. Kuri ubu iki cyambu kiri ku mwanya wa kabiri mu byambu binini ku Isi, inyuma y’icya Shanghai.

Mu 1869, Ubunigo bwa Suez mu Misiri bwarafunguwe, bituma ibicuruzwa bihererekanywa hagati y’u Burayi n’ibihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bwa Aziya birimo u Bushinwa bwari bwaramaze gukolonizwa n’u Bwongereza, byiyongera. Ibi byatumye Icyambu cya Singapore kibona ibiraka byinshi, kuko nyuma y’imyaka 10 ubu Bunigo bufunguwe, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa bica muri Singapore kariyongereye cyane kava kuri miliyoni 32$ kagera kuri miliyoni 105$.

Impinduramatwara za Lee Kuan Yew

Ubwiza bw’amerekezo ya Singapore siyo turufu yonyine yagejeje iki gihugu ku iterambere, kuko inaturanye n’ibindi bihugu birimo Thailand na Malaysia binini, binafite imitungo kamere kuyirusha, ariko bidafite iterambere nk’iryayo.

Mu myaka yakurikiye Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi, ubucuruzi bwakorerwaga hagati ya Aziya n’u Burayi bwariyongereye, ibyatumye n’icyambu cya Singapore kirushaho kwaguka, icyakora abaturage b’iki gihugu bakagira imbogamizi, kuko bakomeje kuba mu bukene bw’akarande.

Aba baturage batangiye kurakarira Abongereza bari barabakolonije ndetse barabamagana bifuza ko bagenda burundu, Singapore igatangira kwiyobora ubwayo.

Ku gasongero k’izi mpinduramatwara, hari umugabo witwa Lee Kuan Yew, watabarutse mu 2015 afite imyaka 91. Yew yavukiye muri Singapore mu 1923, mu muryango wifashije kuko se yakoraga ku mato y’Abongereza, ari nayo mpamvu mu mazina yahaye Yew, harimo na ‘Harry’ uretse ko yaryanze amaze gukura.

Yew yagize amahirwe yo kwiga, akaba umuhanga cyane ku buryo yazaga mu batsinze neza buri gihe, biza no gutuma abona amahirwe yo kujya kwiga ibijyanye n’Amategeko mu Bwongereza.

Nyuma yo kuminuza, Yew yaje kwitegereza asanga uburyo Leta y’u Bwongereza ifata abaturage bayo mu gihugu cyabo, bitandukanye n’uko ifata abaturage ba Singapore, ari na byo byatumye afata umwanzuro wo gutaha iwabo akajya guhangana n’abakoloni, aza no kubigeraho nyuma yo gutsinda amatora yatumye aba Minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere wa Singapore mu 1959. Iyi ntsinzi yayigezeho abinyujije mu ishyaka rya PAP yari yarashinze mu 1954.

Nyuma yo gutorwa, Yew yagize impungenge z’uko imbogamizi zirimo ubuto bwa Singapore zitari butume igera ku iterambere rirambye, maze yegera Malaysia bituranye bikanasangira umuco, ayisaba ko ibihugu byombi byakwihuza. Ibi byagezweho mu 1963 ariko ntibyamara kabiri kuko 1965, ibihugu byombi byari bimaze gutandukana nyuma y’uko abayobozi ku mpande zombi batumvikanye ku buryo bw’imiyoborere.

Nyuma yo gutandukana, Yew yafashe umwanya ajya mu mwiherero w’ibyumweru bitandatu nta muntu abwiye, benshi bakemeza ko iki ari cyo gihe yateguye uburyo azubaka iterambere rya Singapore, ibyo bamwe bashobora kugereranya n’inama zabereye muri Village Urugwiro ahagana mu 1997 na 1998, zashyizeho gahunda y’iterambere ya ‘Vision 2020’ mu Rwanda.

Lee Kuan Yew wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Singapore kuva mu 1959 kugera mu 1990, afatwa nk’umwe mu bayobozi bakomeye babayeho ku Isi, aho yafashije igihugu cye kuva mu bikennye cyikinjira mu bikize

Ihuriro ku rugendo rw’iterambere hagati ya Singapore n’u Rwanda

Ku rwego rw’Isi, iterambere rya buri gihugu rishingira ku bukungu bwacyo. Nk’ubu iterambere ry’u Burusiya na Australie rishingiye ku mutungo kamere, mu gihe irya Amerika rishingiye kuri serivisi.

Bitewe n’imiterere ndetse n’amahirwe y’iterambere ari muri Singapore ndetse n’u Rwanda, hari byinshi ibi bihugu bihuriyeho mu iterambere ryabyo, ari na yo mpamvu ikunze gutuma bigereranywa.

-Ibihugu byombi byahisemo kubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku ishoramari

Mu 1965, Singapore yari kimwe mu bihugu bikennye ku Isi, irangwamo ruswa, ubukene bukabije, ubujiji mu baturage ndetse n’umutekano mucye, wakururaga imyigaragambyo ya buri munsi, na yo igatuma ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bidafata umurongo muzima ngo bitange umusaruro.

Kimwe mu byo Yew yakoze nyuma y’ubwigenge bwa Singapore, ni ukubaka urwego rw’umutekano rukomeye ku buryo mu gihugu habamo ituze, gusa ibi ntabwo byari bihagije kuko abaturage benshi batagiraga imirimo, ibishobora n’ubundi kubasunikira mu makimbirane.

Kugira ngo abaturage ba Singapore babone imirimo mu buryo burambye, Lee Kuan Yew yatekereje gushyiraho ikigo kizajya cyorohereza abashoramari bifuza gutangiza ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi muri Singapore, icyo kigo cyitwa ‘Economic Development Board (EDB).

Iki kigo cyagize uruhare rukomeye cyane mu iterambere rya Singapore, kuko cyafashije Leta gushyiraho ingamba zatuma abashoramari boroherwa no kuzana imari yabo muri Singapore, yaba mu buryo bw’amategeko ndetse n’ubundi butandukanye.

Mu by’ukuri Singapore ntiyari ifite isoko rinini nka Thailand cyangwa Malaysia bituranye, icyakora yari ifite uburyo yorohereza abashoramari butabaga muri ibyo bihugu, bigatuma bahitamo gushinga ibikorwa byabo muri Singapore ahubwo bakajya bohoreza ibyo bakorerayo ku yandi masoko.

Byageze mu 1980, abaturage badafite akazi bageze kuri 4.5% gusa, mu gihe Singapore ari cyo gihugu cyakoraga ‘hard disk’ nyinshi ku Isi mu ibyo bihe, kandi ibi bikoresho bikina umuziki byari bigezweho cyane ku Isi.

Gukurura abashoramari byatumye Singapore yubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku byoherezwa mu mahanga, byiganjemo ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, bigize 43% by’ibyo Singapore yohereza mu mahanga magingo aya. Si ibyo gusa kuko byanatumye Singapore yakira ishoramari ryo gutunganya ibikomoka kuri peteroli, bigize 19% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, nubwo icyo gihugu kidacukura uwo mutungo kamere.

Mu 2019, Singapore yohereje mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro ka miliyari 301$, itumuzayo ibifite agaciro ka miliyari 270$, bivuze ko ikinyuranyo cy’ibyo yohereje n’ibyo yatumije ari inyungu ya miliyari 31$. Singapore yaje ku mwanya wa 18 ku Isi mu bihugu byohereje ibicuruzwa byinshi mu mahanga mu 2019.

Kubera EDB, gutangira ubucuruzi muri Singapore bitwara amasaha atatu gusa, iki gihugu kikaba cyari ku mwanya wa kabiri mu byorohereza ubucuruzi ku rwego rw’Isi mu 2019. Kuri ubu, muri Singapore hakorera ibigo by’ubucuruzi bikabakaba ibihumbi 400, ku buryo hafi ya buri muturage wese ufite ubushobozi bwo gukora afite akazi, aho ikigero cy’ubushomeri kiri munsi ya 2%.

Nibura mu bigo 20 bikomeye ku Isi, 15 bifite amashami muri Singapore, mu gihe iki gihugu gicumbikiye banki zirenga 200, ibituma iba igicumbi cy’urwego rw’imari mu gace iherereyemo.

U Rwanda narwo rufite Urwego rw’Iterambere (RDB) rufite imikorere ifitanye isano na EDB ya Singapore, kuko na rwo rushinzwe gufasha abashoramari kwisanga mu Rwanda, aho kwandikisha ubucuruzi bitwara amasaha atandatu gusa.

Kuri ubu mu Rwanda, kimwe na Singapore mu 1980, rusigaye rufatwa nk’ahantu horoshye mu gukorera ubucuruzi kurusha ibihugu by’ibituranyi, ku buryo mu gihe byakomereza kuri uyu muvuduko, nta kabuza u Rwanda rwazaba nk’icyicaro cy’ishoramari ku bifuza kurizana mu Karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.

Ubu bushake bw’abashoramari bugaragazwa n’uburyo imibare y’ishoramari rizanwa mu Rwanda buri mwaka yiyongera, aho yavuye kuri miliyari 1.18$ mu 2016, igera kuri miliyari 2.46$ mu 2019, mbere y’uko isubizwa inyuma n’icyorezo cya Covid-19 ikagera kuri miliyari 1.8$ mu 2020.

Ibigo bikomeye by’ubucuruzi ku rwego rw’Isi, birimo na Apple, bifite amashami muri Singapore bitewe n’uburyo icyo gihugu cyorohereza abashoramari kugishoramo imari. Kwandikisha ubucuruzi muri Singapore bitwara amasaha atatu gusa

-Imihigo

Kuva ku rwego rwa Minisiteri kugera ku rwego rw’Isibo, u Rwanda rwashyizeho gahunda yo gukorera ku Imihigo, ndetse iy’inzego z’ibanze igasinyirwa imbere ya Perezida wa Repubulika.

Singapore na yo igira gahunda imeze nk’iyi, aho buri rwego, ndetse n’umukozi ku giti cye, basinya imihigo bakiyemeza kuzagera ku ntego runaka mu gihe cy’umwaka.

Iyi mihigo ni yo igenderwaho mu kumenya niba umukozi akwiye kongererwa amasezerano y’akazi, kongezwa umushahara, gutegurirwa amahugurwa n’ibindi nk’ibyo.

Iyi gahunda izwi nka ‘Meritocracy’ ni ingenzi cyane muri Singapore kuko ituma abakozi bashoboye ari bo bonyine bakora mu nzego za Leta, ku buryo batanga umusaruro mwinshi kandi mu gihe gito.

Mbere ya 1994, Singapore yari ifite ikibazo cy’uko inzego za Leta zari zimeze nk’ibigo byo kwimenyererezamo umurimo, kuko abakozi bamaraga kugira ubushobozi bwisumbuye bahitaga bajya gukora mu bigo byigenga bibahemba neza, ugasanga Leta ihorana ikibazo cyo gutegura abakozi bashya buri gihe.

Aha ni ho havuye igitekerezo cyo kuzamura umushahara w’abakozi ba Leta, ku buryo bahembwa kimwe n’abakozi bo mu bigo byigenga bakora inshingano zijya gusa, kugira ngo bemere gukomeza gukorera Leta.

Kuri ubu, Leta ya Singapore niyo ya mbere ihemba neza abakozi bayo kurusha izindi ku Isi, ndetse na Minisitiri w’Intebe wayo, niwe muyobozi w’igihugu uhembwa agatubutse ku Isi, aho ku mwaka ahembwa miliyoni 1.5$. Akubye hafi inshuro eshatu Umuyobozi wa Hong Kong umukurikira, agahembwa ibihumbi 550$, ndetse na Perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika uza ku mwanya wa gatatu, agahembwa ibihumbi 400$.

Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Singapore, Lee Hsien Loong, niwe muyobozi uhembwa amafaranga menshi ku Isi, aho ahembwa miliyoni 1,5$.

Uretse gufasha Leta gukomeza gukoresha abakozi bashoboye, iki cyemezo cyanafashije mu kugabanya ruswa, kuko abakozi ba Leta banyuzwe n’umushahara wabo, batajya kwishora mu byaha nka ruswa n’ibindi by’indonke.

Leta y’u Rwanda nayo yatangiye gutekereza kuri uyu mushinga, ku buryo umukozi ufite ubumenyi budasanzwe kandi bukenewe mu gihugu, atazajya ahembwa amafaranga asanzwe ahembwa abandi bakozi ba Leta, ahubwo ashobora guhembwa umushahara wisumbuye ku buryo yakwemera gukomeza gukora muri Leta.

Ubu buryo busanzwe bunakoreshwa mu bindi bihugu, bukagira umumaro wo gutuma Leta ikoresha abakozi b’abahanga mu ngeri zose ibakeneyemo, bityo bagatanga umusaruro ukenewe mu iterambere ry’igihugu.

-Ishoramari mu kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage

Kimwe mu bintu by’ibanze bikurura abashoramari muri Singapore, ni uko ari igihugu cy’abanyabwenge, aho bigoye kubura umukozi ufite ubumenyi mu bikorwa hafi ya byose wakwifuza.

Ibi byatewe n’ishoramari rikomeye Leta yashyize mu rwego rw’uburezi kuva mu 1970, ibituma uburezi bwa Singapore buza ku mwanya wa mbere mu kugira ireme rihambaye ku Isi.

Uburezi muri Singapore butangira umwana afite amezi arindwi, akagenda yigishwa bijyanye n’ubushobozi bwe ku buryo umwana w’imyaka irindwi, aba afite ubumenyi bwasaba umwana wakuriye muri Amerika indi myaka itatu kugira ngo abugeraho.

Mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga y’abana mu bijyanye n’imibare n’ubugenge, bizagorana kubura umwana ukomoka muri Singapore uri mu batwaye ibihembo.

Singapore ni cyo gihugu gifite uburezi buteye imbere ku rwego rw’Isi, aho abana batangira kwigishwa bafite amezi arindwi, bakazakura bafite ubumenyi buhambaye

Uretse uburezi, urwego rw’ubuzima muri Singapore na rwo ni urwa mbere ku Isi mu gutanga serivisi nziza ugereranyije n’izindi nzego.

Uru rwego rukoramo abakozi b’inzobere kuko baba barabonye uburezi bwiza, kandi bagahembwa neza ku buryo nta kindi gihugu cyapfa kwigondera uwo mushahara. Ibi byiyongera ku bikoresho bigezweho, byinshi binakorerwa muri Singapore, kuko iki gihugu kiza mu bya mbere ku Isi mu gukora imiti n’ibindi bikoresho byo kwa muganga.

Urwego rw’ubuvuzi muri Singapore ni rwo rwa mbere ku Isi mu gukora neza, ndetse Perezida bamwe mu bayobozi bakomeye ku Isi niho bakunze kwivuriza, uwibukwa cyane akaba Perezida Robert Mugabe wigeze kuyobora Zimbabwe

Nubwo Singapore ari igihugu gito, 47% by’ubuso bwayo buriho amashyamba n’ibiti, ndetse mu 2030, ubu buso buzagera kuri 50%, aho umuturage wese azaba ashobora kugera muri pariki cyangwa ubusitani bitamutwaye iminota 10 y’urugendo.

Singapore ni umujyi ufatwa nk’icyitegererezo mu guteza imbere ibidukikije ku rwego rw’Isi

Hejuru y’ibi kandi Singapore nicyo gihugu cya mbere ku Isi gifite ibikorwaremezo bifasha umuturage kwisanzura, akagera ku masoko n’ahandi yifuza bitamugoye.

Iki gihugu kiza ku mwanya wa mbere ku Isi mu bihugu bifite imihanda myiza, nubwo abaturage batunze imodoka ari mbarwa bitewe n’amabwiriza Leta yashyizeho atuma imodoka zitaba nyinshi mu gihugu gito.

Kugura imodoka muri Singapore bishobora kugusaba kwishyura inshuro enye z’igiciro igura mu bindi bihugu, mu gihe kuyitunga ku mwaka bishobora kugusaba kwishyura hafi ibihumbi 45$, bitewe n’amafaranga yo kwishyura parikingi n’ibindi bijyana nabyo, birimo n’uduce tw’umujyi twinjirwamo imodoka zishyuye gusa.

Ibi byose ariko ntacyo bitwaye kuko uburyo bwo kugenda mu modoka rusange bwa Singapore ari bwo bwa mbere ku Isi mu gukora neza, ku buryo umuturage ashobora kubaho ubuzima bwose atarigera abura uko ava cyangwa ajya mu gice runaka cy’Umujyi.

Nubwo Singapore ari cyo gihugu gifite imihanda myiza ku Isi, ntabwo irangwamo imodoka nyinshi kuko itunga umugabo igasiba undi bitewe n’ingamba za Leta y’icyo gihugu

Kuri ibi kandi hiyongeraho icy’amacumbi, aho abaturage 80% batuye mu macumbi yubatswe na Leta, afite ibyangombwa byose ku buryo inzu imwe ishobora kugira agaciro k’ibihumbi 400$. Mu baturage batuye muri izo nyubako, 90% baraziguriye bazitunga nk’umutungo wabo, nyuma y’uko Leta izibagurishije kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’igiciro cyazo.

Muri Singapore, ni itegeko kwizigamira. Ku mushahara wa buri mukozi, Leta ikuraho 20% ashyirwa mu kigega cy’ubwizigame, akaba yakoreshwa mu kugura inzu, kwishyura amashuri ndetse na serivisi z’ubuzima.

Urebye neza ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, usanga ruri guca mu nzira zisa nk’izo Singapore yaciyemo mu bijyanye no guteza imbere ubuzima rusange bw’abaturage.

Nk’ubu turebye ku rwego rw’uburezi n’ubuzima, zombi ziri muri eshanu za mbere zashowemo amafaranga menshi muri uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari.

Birumvikana ko ireme ry’uburezi mu Rwanda ritameze nk’iryo muri Singapore, ariko bijyanye n’ishoramari Leta iri gushyiramo, yaba mu kongera umubare w’ibyumba by’amashuri, uw’abanyeshuri n’ibindi nk’ibyo, nta kabuza ko uru rwego ruzahinduka inkingi y’iterambere ry’u Rwanda mu myaka iri imbere, na cyane ko mu 2050, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda buzaba bushingiye ku bumenyi kurusha uko bimeze uyu munsi.

U Rwanda rufite intego yo kuba igicumbi cy’urwego rw’uburezi n’urwego rw’ubuzima mu Karere ka Afurika y’Iburasizuba, ku buryo izo nzego zombi zatangira kubyazwa umusaruro mu buryo bwo kwinjiriza igihugu amafaranga nk’uko bimeze muri Singapore.

U Rwanda kandi ruherutse gutangiza Ikigega cyiswe Ejo Heza, kizajya gifasha Abanyarwanda bakora mu mirimo iciriritse kubona uburyo bizigamira. Ubwizigame nibumara kuba bwinshi mu myaka iri imbere, Leta ishobora kuzajya ikiguzamo amafaranga aho kujya kuguza hanze, nk’uko Singapore ibigenza, ibituma itagira ideni ry’amahanga.

Intego ni ukubaka abaturage bafite ubumenyi n’ubuzima bwiza, ku buryo ari byo bikoreshwa mu kwinjiriza igihugu amafaranga, bikaziba icyuho cyo kutagira umutungo kamere. Icyakora kuri ubu haricyari icyuho kinini, ugereranyije intambwe u Rwanda rukeneye gutera mu rwego rw’uburezi n’ubuzima, n’imaze guterwa.

Muri rusange, igereranya rya Singapore n’u Rwanda rishingiye ku buryo ibihugu byombi bifite imbogamizi zirimo ubutaka buto, ndetse no kutagira umutungo kamere, ariko ubuyobozi bwiza buherekejwe n’umutekano, bukaba bwarabashije gutuma ibihugu byombi byubaka iterambere, ndetse bigafatwa nk’urugero rwiza rw’uburyo ibihugu bishobora kubyaza umusaruro amahirwe y’iterambere muri rusange.

Mu 2015, Perezida Paul Kagame yagiriye uruzinduko muri Singapore, abonana na Minisitiri w’Intebe Lee Hsien Loong, ibishimangira umubano mwiza usanzwe hagati y’ibihugu byombi

Mu 2018, Tharman Shanmugaratnam wari Minisitiri w’Intebe Wungirije muri Singapore, yazanye n’itsinda rigari gusura u Rwanda, bakirwa na Minisitiri w’Intebe Edouard Ngirente, impande zombi zinasinya amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu nzego zirimo ubucuruzi, ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere n’ibindi

Iyi nama itegurwa n’Impuzamashyirahamwe y’inzego z’ibanze muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (East African Local Governments Association: EALGA); iteganyijwe ku wa 4-8 Ukwakira 2021. Yakiriwe by’umwihariko na Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, MINALOC.

Mu by’ingenzi byitezwe kuyiganirirwamo harimo gushakira hamwe ibisubizo by’ibibazo Covid-19 yateje ibihugu bigize Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC), kwiga ku nzira zabigeza ku ntego z’iterambere rirambye (SDGs), gushyira ingufu mu mikoranire ya EALGA na za Minisiteri z’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu zo mu Karere n’ibindi.

Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, Gatabazi Jean Marie Vianney, yavuze ko Covid-19 yagize ingaruka ku buzima bwose bw’abantu, igasubiza inyuma ibikorwa by’iterambere muri iyi myaka ibiri ishize.

Yagaragaje ko iyi nama ya EALGF izibanda ku gushaka uburyo bwo kuzahura imibereho y’abaturage ndetse no kugarura icyizere muri EAC.

Yakomeje agira ati “Twizera ko umusaruro uzava muri iyi nama uzagira uruhare rukomeye mu guhuza ibihugu bigize EAC n’abafatanyabikorwa babyo hagamijwe gushyiraho ingamba n’ibikorwa bizateza imbere imiyoborere y’inzego z’ibanze ndetse no kuzahura ubukungu mu baturage ba EAC.”

EALGF kandi izarebera hamwe ibyiza byo kugeza ubuyobozi ku baturage nka kimwe mu bigira uruhare mu guteza imbere ubukungu mu Karere, ndetse no gushyira imbaraga mu kuzahura ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi byari byarahungabanyijwe na Covid-19 muri EAC.

Muri iyi nama hazanatorwa Komite y’ubuyobozi bwa EALGA, hakorwe ihererekanyabubasha hagati y’abayobozi bacyuye igihe n’abayobozi bashya ndetse u Rwanda ruzaha inkoni Tanzania nk’igihugu kizakira iy’umwaka utaha.

Impuzamashyirahamwe y’inzego z’ibanze muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, EALGA, igizwe n’Ishyirahamwe ry’u Rwanda rihuza Uturere n’Umujyi wa Kigali, RALGA, Ishyirahamwe ry’inzego z’ibanze muri Tanzania, ALAT (Association of Local Authorities of Tanzania), iryo muri Kenya, ACGOK (Association of County Governments of Kenya), irya Uganda ULGA (Uganda Local Government Association) ndetse n’iry’u Burundi ABELO (Association Burundaise des Elus Locaux).

U Rwanda rwakiriye inama ngarukamwaka ihuza amashyirahamwe y’inzego z’ibanze mu bihugu bigize EAC

Ibi byagarutsweho kuri uyu wa 5 Ukwakira 2021 ubwo Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Igororamuco cyaganiraga n’abarezi bo mu Karere ka Karongi kuri gahunda yo kugororera abana mu muryango batiriwe bajyanwa mu bigo ngororamuco.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NRS, Mufulukye Fred, yavuze ko igisubizo ku kibazo cy’ubuzererezi gikwiye gushakirwa ahantu hatatu h’ingenzi harimo ku ishuri, mu muryango no mu nzego z’ibanze.

Yagize ati “Dufite amashuri hafi. Ni gute abana b’u Rwanda bananirwa kwiga kweri? Barezi mumenye bariya bana, munamenye ukunda gusiba. Muri gahunda ya Tubagorere mu muryango turashaka ko buri kigo cy’ishuri kigira komite ishinzwe gukurikirana abana.”

Yavuze ko iyi komite izaba ishinzwe gukurikirana, ikamenya umwana ukunda gusiba, ikamenya impamvu zibimutera hanyuma inzego z’ibanze zigafasha umuryango we gukemura impamvu zituma atiga.

Mufulukye yavuze ko abantu badakwiye gusuzugura ikibazo cy’ubuzererezi kuko abantu barenga ibihumbi 400 bajyanywe mu bigo by’inzererezi baruta abaturage batuye tumwe mu turere two mu Rwanda.

Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo mu Karere ka Karongi, Mpumuro Frederic, avuga ko impamvu ubuzererezi budacika ari uko abantu muri rusange bigira ntibindeba.

Ati “Mu nzira tugenda, tunyura ku bana bikoreye amatafari, ku bana bicaye ku muhanda, kandi haba hari abantu bize babanyuzeho bakikomereza bumva ko bitabareba. Ngo uwanjye ari ku ishuri ryiza, nyamara akirengagiza ko abo bana bari mu muhanda bazagera aho bakabangamira uwe yashyize mu ishuri.”

Umuyobozi wungirije w’Akarere ka Karongi ushinzwe Imibereho Myiza y’Abaturage yavuze ko mu mpamvu zituma abana bajya mu muhanda harimo amakimbirane yo mu muryango, uburangare bw’ababyeyi batamenya uko umwana yiriwe n’uko yaraye, ndetse n’ikibazo cy’abakobwa bajya gushaka akazi mu mijyi bagaterwa inda, bakazana abana bakabasigira ba nyirakuru bagasubira mu mijyi, ugasanga uwasigiwe umwana ntafite ubushobozi bwo kumwitaho.

Ati “Ubu gahunda dushyizemo imbaraga ni uko umwana wese ugaragaye mu muhanda tumugorera mu muryango. Turakurikirana tukamenya umuryango yavuyemo tukawuganiriza.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Turimo turafatanya n’abafatanyabikorwa kugira ngo urubyiruko rubashe kubona imirimo rukora iruteza imbere kuko uba ubona bose bashaka kuza hano mu Mujyi wa Rubengera, cyangwa kujya mu Mujyi wa Kigali.”

Mu Karere ka Karongi habarurwa abarenga 800 banyuze mu bigo ngororamuco biga imyuga itandukanye, muri bo 38 bahawe ibikoresho ubu bakorera mu Gakiriro ka Karongi, abandi bakoze koperative itwaza abantu imizigo.

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Igororamuco, Mufulukye Fred, yavuze ko igisubizo ku kibazo cy’ubuzererezi gikwiye gushakirwa ahantu hatatu h’ingenzi harimo ku ishuri, mu muryango no mu nzego z’ibanze

Abarenga ibihumbi 400 bajyanywe mu bigo by’inzererezi mu myaka icyenda ishize

Ibi yabigarutseho mu birori by’Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wa Mwarimu wizihizwa buri mwaka, tariki ya 5 Ukwakira 2021. Mu Rwanda uyu munsi wizihijwe ku nshuro ya 20, aho wari ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Umwarimu ku isonga mu kubaka uburezi buhamye.”

Minisitiri Dr Uwamariya yabwiye abarimu ko ari ab’ingenzi cyane mu iterambere ry’igihugu cyane ko buri wese ushobora kugira icyo agifasha aba yaranyuze imbere y’umwarimu.

Yagize ati “Twese dusobanukiwe neza ko uburezi ari inkingi ikomeye mu iterambere ry’igihugu haba mu rwego rw’ubukungu, mu mbonezamubano, mu muco no muri politiki. Ibihugu byinshi byabashije kugera ku iterambere ryihuse kandi rirambye muri iyi myaka ya vuba ni ibyabashije gushyiraho porogaramu z’uburezi nziza ndetse zifite intego n’inshingano zo gukemura ibibazo by’ingutu bifite.”

Yagaragaje ko uburezi ari umuyoboro ubuzima bw’igihugu bunyuramo mu rwego rwo kugiteza imbere ariko bishingiye ku barimu babifitiye ubushobozi.

Ati “Uburezi rero ni umuyoboro ubuzima bwose bw’igihugu bunyuramo kugira ngo gishobore kwiyubaka no kugira ejo hazaza. Nta wakwirengagiza ko kugira ngo ubwo burezi bugerweho, igihugu kigomba kuba gifite abarimu beza, babishoboye kandi bahagije.”

Minisitiri Dr Uwamariya yongeye kugaragariza abarimu ko Guverinoma izi neza akamaro kabo ndetse bishimangirwa n’ibyakozwe kugira ngo mwarimu yoroherezwe imirimo. Muri byo harimo ibyumba by’amashuri bisaga ibihumbi 22 byubatswe mu gihugu hose mu rwego rwo kugabanya ubucucike mu mashuri, Girinka mwarimu, gahunda yo gutanga mudasobwa kuri buri mwarimu, kubaka amacumbi y’abarimu hafi y’ibigo by’amashuri ndetse na gahunda yo kongera umushahara wa mwarimu ho 10% buri mwaka.

Uretse ibi byakozwe kandi hari gahunda yo kwegerezwa ikoranabuhanga mu bigo by’amashuri, ibitabo ndetse n’imfashanyigisho hakiyongeraho n’amahugurwa ahabwa abarimu mu bihe binyuranye agamije kubongerera ubumenyi by’umwihariko abari gukora uburezi batarabwize.

Minisitiri Dr Uwamariya yagaragaje ko mu bihe bya Covid-19 hatirengagizwa umusaruro ukomeye abarimu bagize mu bihe byari bigoye byo kwiga aho wasangaga amashuri amara igihe adakora, ikindi gihe agakora ubutaruhuka byose bikabangamira imikorere ya mwarimu ariko bakomeza kugaragaza ukwihangana gukomeye.

Dr Uwamariya yagaragaje ko mu iterambere ry’u Rwanda mwarimu ari we ryubakiyeho mu guharanira gukemura ibibazo bikigaragara mu burezi bijyanye n’ireme ryabwo.

Ati “Hashingiwe kuri gahunda zitandukanye zashyizweho na Leta y’u Rwanda, mwarimu ni we ushingirwaho, ndetse ni we uri ku isonga mu gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda nyinshi za Leta zigamije gukemura ibyo bibazo byo kubaka uburezi buhamye muri rusange.’’

Yavuze ko kugira ngo umusaruro ukwiriye uboneke bisaba ubufatanye bw’inzego zitandukanye by’umwihariko hagati ya mwarimu n’umubyeyi.

Ati “Kugira ngo mwarimu agere kuri ibi na we hari icyo bimusaba, akwiye kuba umusemburo w’iterambere, kuba intangarugero mu myifatire no mu mikorerere ye ya buri munsi, guhorana umwete wo kugendana n’igihe, kwihesha agaciro muri bagenzi be, mu bo ashinzwe kurera no muri sosiyete abamo. Akwiye kandi guhora yiyungura ubumenyi no gutoza abanyeshuri kugira inyota y’ubumenyi no guhanga udushya mu mwuga we.”

Abarimu b’indashyikirwa bahawe ishimwe

Mu guhemba abarimu bitwaye neza harebwe ku ruhare bagize mu kwagura ubumenyi bw’abana binyuze mu guhanga udushya tugamije kongera ireme ry’uburezi kandi mu byiciro byose.

Ku rwego rw’igihugu hahembwe abarimu batanu, barimo babiri bigisha mu mashuri abanza ni ukuvuga uwo mu mashuri ya leta n’uwigisha mu kigo cyigenga wahize abandi, babiri bigisha mu mashuri yisumbuye n’uwigisha mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro.

Aba barezi bahembwe moto zizaborohereza mu rugendo rwabo ndetse na mudasobwa zizabafasha mu bushakashatsi kugira ngo bakomeze kunoza umurimo wo kurerera igihugu.

Abarimu bahembwe ku rwego rw’igihugu babyishimiye cyane ndetse bavuga ko biteze umusaruro mwiza kugira ngo bakomeze gushimangira ko ibihembo bahawe babikwiriye.

Nsanzamahoro Jean Jacques wahize abandi mu mashuri yigisha imyuga n’ubumenyingiro, yigisha mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo muri Nyanza TVET School, yabwiye IGIHE ko igihembo yahawe cyamuteye imbaraga kurushaho.

Yagize ati “Ni ibintu bishimishije cyane kubona ngeze aha ngaha, birantera gukora cyane kugira ngo nkomeze wenda n’ibishoboka n’undi mwaka nzongere mbe indashyikirwa cyangwa mugenzi wanjye mubwire uburyohe bwo kuba indashyikirwa, bitume ubumenyi aha abana burushaho kuzamuka.”

Umwarimu wigisha mu mashuri abanza wabaye indashyikirwa, Niyomugabo Christian wigisha mu kigo giherereye mu Karere ka Kamonyi cya G.S Kabasare yavuze ko ibihembo yahawe bigiye kumufasha kwiteza imbere.

Ati “Uyu munsi nahembwe koko kandi mpembwa ku rwego rw’igihugu. Benshi baravuga bati ubwo baguhaye moto ugiye kuva mu barimu ujye hanze, ariko si ko bimeze nta nubwo numva ko nagezeyo, ahubwo ubu ni bwo ntangiye. Moto mpawe iramfasha mu iterambere ryanjye bwite no kunyorohereza akazi mu rwego rw’ingendo. Ntekereza ko igiye kumfasha noneho kuba umwarimu w’indashyikirwa cyane.”

Uretse abarimu bitwaye neza ku rwego rw’igihugu hari n’abandi bari bagiye bagaragaza ubuhanga budasanzwe ku rwego rw’intara muri buri cyiciro nabo bemerewe za mudasobwa, televiziyo n’ibindi bigamije kububaka mu murimo wo kwigisha.

Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Dr Uwamariya Valentine, yavuze ko abarimu bakwiye kuba umusemburo w’iterambere

Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi ushinzwe Ikoranabuhanga, Imyuga n’Ubumenyingiro, Irere Claudette

Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere Amashuri y’Imyuga n’Ubumenyingiro, (RTB) Umukunzi Paul, ari mu bitabiriye ibi birori

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB, Dr Nelson Mbarushimana, yashimangiye ko uburezi buhamye bwagerwaho ku bufatanye bw’abarezi n’abarimu

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Umwalimu SACCO, Uwambaje Laurence, yagaragaje ko inguzanyo zafashije abarimu guhindura ubuzima

Nsanzamahoro Jean Jacques ni we mwarimu wahize abandi mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro mu Rwanda

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo gishinzwe Ibizamini n’Ubugenzuzi bw’Amashuri, Dr Bernard Bahati

Abarimu babaye indashyikirwa ku rwego rw’igihugu bifotozanyije n’abayobozi batandukanye bitabiriye ibi birori

Abahembwe bavuze ko ibihembo byababereye impamba mu rugendo rwabo rwo gutanga ubumenyi n’uburere bukwiye

Amafoto: Yuhi Augustin

Ibi babigarutseho ubwo hatangizwaga Igihembwe cy’Ihinga cya 2021/2022 A cyatangirijwe mu Murenge wa Gatore mu Kagari Rwabutazi kuri uyu wa Kabiri, tariki ya 5 Ukwakira 2021.

Mu gutangiza iki gihembwe hatewe ibigori ku butaka bwahuje bungana na hegitari 120 bukaba buhingwa n’abaturage bishyize hamwe bo muri Gatore.

Kuradusenge Fred utuye mu Murenge wa Gatore mu Kagari ka Cyunuzi avuga guhuza ubutaka byatumye amenya guhinga agamije gusagurira amasoko, yavuze ko aho batangiriye guhuza ubutaka asigaye yeza hejuru ya toni eshanu kuri hegitari nyamara mbere yarabonaga toni zitari hejuru y’ebyiri.

Ati “Mbere umuntu yezaga nka toni ebyiri kuri hegitari ariko aho dutangiriye guhuza ubutaka ubu tweza hejuru ya toni eshanu kuzamura.”

Nizeyimana Alex we yavuze ko ku bantu bahinze imbuto nziza y’ibigori kandi bagakoresha ifumbire bungutse cyane ugereranyije na mbere kuko ngo bavangavangaga imbuto zitandukanye.

Ati “Mbere twahingaga mu kajagari, tuvangavanga imbuto bigatuma umusaruro ubura ariko ubu duhinga imbuto imwe yonyine bigatuma tubona umusaruro, urugero nk’ahantu nezaga ibilo 200 nsigaye mpeza ibilo birenga 400 kandi ari mu murima muto.”

Yakomeje avuga ko iyo bahuje ubutaka bagahingira hamwe babonera ifumbire ku gihe ndetse bakanagirwa inama hamwe n’abajyanama mu by’ubuhinzi.

Murekatete Liberatha we yagize ati “Icyiza cyo guhinga duhuje ubutaka abantu baterera rimwe, bakabagarira rimwe n’ibigori bikerera rimwe, mbere tutarahuza ubutaka buri umwe yateraga ukwe n’undi ukwe bigatuma tutabasha gufashanya, ariko ubu n’iyo hajemo indwara duterera umuti rimwe ku buryo twese dufashanya.”

Guverineri w’Intara y’Iburasirazuba, Gasana Emmanuel, yavuze ko iyo abahinzi bahuje ubutaka bagahingira rimwe bibafasha mu kubona umusaruro mwiza uruta uwo babonaga.

Yagize ati “Guhuza ubutaka ndetse bagashyiraho igihingwa kimwe bagahingira rimwe bibafasha kugirwa inama n’ababishinzwe, kubafasha guhinga neza, gushyiriramo ifumbire rimwe kandi hakanaboneka umusaruro mwiza kandi mwinshi ujya ku isoko.”

Yakomeje asaba abahinzi guhingira ku gihe kandi bakubahiriza inama bahabwa n’abashinzwe ubuhinzi kuva ku Mudugudu kugera ku Karere; yasabye kandi abaturage kumenya igihe bashobora gushyirira ifumbire mu mirima yabo kugira ngo bibafasha kongera umusaruro.

Muri iki gihembwe cy’ihinga cya 2021/2022 A, Akarere ka Kirehe kazahinga ku butaka buhuje bungana na hegitari ibihumbi 36 aho ibishyimbo byagenewe hegitari 9000, soya ni kuri hegitari 210, imyumbati kuri hegitari 800 ndetse n’umuceri uzahingwa kuri hegitari 816.

Abayobozi batandukanye bayobowe na Guverineri Gasana Emmanuel bifatanyije n’abaturage ba Kirehe mu gutangiza Igihembwe cy’Ihinga cya 2021/2022 A

Bamwe mu baturage bo mu Karere ka Kirehe bagaragaje ko guhuza ubutaka byatumye batera imbere ndetse n’umusaruro w’ibyo beza uriyongera