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Abaperezida babayeho baturuka mu ishyaka ry'Abarepubulikani mu mateka ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, imibare igaragaza ko bagera kuri 19 kuva iri shyaka ryashingwa mu 1854.

Perezida wa mbere watowe wavaga mu ba repubulikani yari Abraham Lincoln watowe mu 1861, nubwo kandi ishyaka ry'Abademokarate rimaze igihe ryo rimaze kuvamo aba Perezida bayoboye iki gihugu rurangiranwa 14.

Twabateguriye abagiye bayobora Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika baturuka mu ishyaka ry'Abarepubulikani.

Abayoboye mu kinyejana cya 19

Abraham Lincoln

Ni we Perezida wa 16 wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yayoboye hagati ya 1861 na 1865, afatwa na benshi nk’udasanzwe.

Yayoboye Amerika mu bihe by'intambara ariko akomeza gukora igishoboka ngo asigasire ubusugire bw'iki gihugu, gutangaza ko akuye abacakara ku ngoyi yari ibaziritse ko babohowe byahinduriye amateka.

Nubwo byatangije urundi rugamba rurimo urwo guharanira uburenganzira bwabo.

Ulysses S. Grant

Yabaye Perezida wa 18 yayoboye hagati ya 1869 na 1877, yari umuyobozi w'ingabo mu gihe cy'intambara aza kwegukana manda ebyiri zikurikiranye, yashyizeho kandi iteka riha uburenganzira abaturage bose bwo gutora hatitawe ku ruhu.

Rutherford B Haves

Perezida wa 19 yategetse hagati ya 1877 na 1881, manda ye imwe yibukirwa ku kuba yarakoze iyo bwabaga mu guharanira ko abanyamerika baba umwe.

James A Garfield

Perezida wa 20 wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, Garfield yatabarutse ari mu nshingano aho yarashwe amaze amezi ane yonyine azitangiye, yayoboye mu 1881.

Chester A Arthur

Perezida wa 21 yayoboye hagati ya 1881 na 1885, ni we wari Visi Perezida wa Garfield, yamuhuhiye mu ngata amaze gutabaruka.

Yagerageje guca icyenewabo mu banyapolitiki batangaga akazi bidashingiye ku byo abantu bazi ahubwo ikimenyane.

Agerageza guharanira ko abafite ibitekerezo byo gukandamiza abandi babicikaho.

Benjamin Harrison

Perezida wa 23 yayoboye hagati ya 1889 na 1893, yari umwuzuru wa Perezida wa cyenda wa USA.

Benjamin yayoboye manda imwe, amavugurura atandukanye muri rubanda nicyo kintu yibukirwaho.

William McKinley

Perezida wa 25 yayoboye hagati ya 1897 na 1901, yibukirwa ku ntambara Amerika yarwanyemo na Espagne, yaje gutorwa muri manda ya kabiri gusa aza kwicwa atayisoje.

Abayoboye mu kinyejana cya 20

Theodore Roosevelt

Perezida wa 26 yayoboye hagati ya 1901 kugera 1909. Ari mu ba Perezida bakomeye b'Amerika, yatangiye kuyobora iki gihugu afite imyaka 42, yarwanye inkundura mu kuringanyiza ubushobozi bwa kompanyi nini mu bucukuzi bw'amavuta n'izitwara abantu.

William H Taft

Perezida wa 27 yayoboye hagati ya 1909 na 1913, yashyize imbaraga nyinshi mu birebana no guteza imbere ububanyi n'amahanga hifashishijwe ifaranga.Yari afite kandi ukuboko gukomeye mu rukiko rw'ikirenga ibintu bidanzwe ku bakuru b'ibihugu.

Warren G HardingPerezida wa 29 yari ku butegetsi hagati ya 1921 na 1923, ubuyobozi bwe bwashinjwe ruswa n'akarengane, yabayeho mu bihe by'intambara ya Mbere y'Isi .

Calvin Coolidge

Perezida wa 30 yayoboye hagati ya 1923 na 1929, yari Visi Perezida aza kuzamuka nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo yari yungirije. Ubuyobozi bwe bwaranzwe no gushyiraho amabwiriza agenga abimukira, gukuraho imisoro yishyuzwaga mu by'intambara ya Mbere  y'Isi.

Herbert Hoover

Perezida wa 31 yayoboye hagati ya 1929 na 1933, yahuye n'ikibazo cyo kugwa ku bukungu byamuteye ihungabana rikomeye.

Yaje no gutakaza amahirwe yo kongera kwiyamamariza kuba Perezida w'Amerika.

Dwight Eisenhower

Perezida wa 34 yayoboye hagati ya 1953 na 1961, ari mu ntwari z'abasirikare, aho yagiye akora imirimo itandukanye yamugejeje ku ipeti rya Generali.

Yarwanyije yivuye inyuma intwaro za kirimbuzi hamwe na politiki y'abakominisiti nyuma y'intambara ya Kabiri  y'Isi. Mu gihe cy'ubutegetsi bwe hakozwe amavugurura mu birebana n'uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Richard M Nixon

Perezida wa 37 yayoboye hagati ya 1969 na 1974, yabaye icyamamare mu mabara byanaje kumuviramo kwegura muri manda ye ya kabiri.

Yakoze iyo bwabaga mu birebana no kubungabunga ibidukikije, anashyiraho amabwiriza agendana no kuba abantu bafite imyaka 18 babasha gutora.

Gerald Ford

Perezida wa 38 yayoboye hagati ya 1974 na 1977, afite uduhigo twinshi yagiye aca nka Perezida na Visi Perezida. Yagizwe Visi Perezida nyuma y’uko Spiro yari yikuye ku buyobozi.

Ronald Reagan

Perezida wa 40 hagati 1981 na 1989 yari we Perezida watowe ari mukuru kugeza kuri Donald Trump ariko yibukirwa ku bintu bitangaje.Birimo kuba yarasoje intambara y'ubutita, anashyiraho Umuyobozi Mukuru w'Urukiko rw'ikirenga.Hagiye hageragezwa kumwica ariko ntibyabasha gukunda.

George H.W.Bush

Perezida wa 41 yayoboye hagati ya 1989 na 1993, yagiye aca uduhigo dutandukanye harimo nko kuba yarayoboye igitero cyo muri Panama cyakuyeho Manuel Noriega, yarwanye intambara yo mu kigobe cya Persia.

Abayoboye mu kinyejana cya 21

George W Bush

Yabaye Perezida wa 43 yayoboye hagati ya 2001 na 2009 ubuyobozi bwe ntabwo buzibagirana kubera uburyo bwaranzwe no kwivuna umwanzi nyuma y'ibitero bya tariki ya 11 Nzeri 2000 byibasiye World Trade Center na Pentagon.

Donald J TrumpPerezida wa 45 yayoboye muri 2017 na 2021, ni umushabitsi wabigize umwuga intsinzi ye ntabwo yavuzweho rumwe mu matora kubera ibibazo byayikurikiye.

Ubu ahatanye mu matora ku nshuro ya Gatatu nk’uko abyemererwa n'Itegeko nNshinga.Intego yo kwiyamamaza kwe ikaba irimo ko azatuma Amerika itazongera kwishora mu ntambara.

 

Massamba wamamaye mu ndirimbo zirimo 'Kanjongera', 'Rwagihuta' n'izindi agiye gutaramira muri uriya Mujyi ku nshuro ye ya kabiri, ndetse arahaguruka mu Rwanda kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki 2 Nzeri 2024, ni mu gihe igitaramo kizaba tariki 5 Ukwakira 2024.

Mu kiganiro na InyaRwanda, Massamba Intore yavuze ko iki gitaramo kigamije kwizihiza Intsinzi ya Perezida Paul Kagame no kongera guhura kw'abanyamuryango ba FPR- Inkotanyi.

Ati 'Ndishimye cyane kuba ngiye kongera gutaramira abanyarwanda batuye muri kiriya gihugu. Ni ubwa kabiri ngiyeyo. Kuri iyi nshuro ni ukuririmba mu mwiherero w'abanyamuryango ba FPR-Inkotanyi ndetse no kwishimira intsinzi y'umukandida wacu.'

Iki gitaramo cyangwa se uyu mwiherero wiswe 'Imihigo Yacu Music Celebration Night' uzaba ku wa Gatandatu tariki 6 Ukwakira 2024, kandi uzahuza abanyarwanda batuye mu bihugu bitandukanye byo ku Mugabane w'u Burayi.

Massamba agiye gutaramira Denmark, mu gihe ku wa 9 Werurwe 2024, Abanyamuryango ba FPR-Inkotanyi batuye mu Mujyi wa Vejle muri iki gihugu bahuriye mu nama rusange. Ni inama yasize barushijeho kwiyemeza kumenyakanisha igihugu no kwegera abashoramari n'abasura u Rwanda.

Uyu muhanzi agiye muri iki gihugu, mu gihe aherutse gukorera ibitaramo bibiri muri Canada, aho yaherukaga mu myaka 11 ishize, ubwo yaririmbaga mu birori bya Rwanda Day byahuje Perezida Paul Kagame n'Abanyarwanda babarizwa muri kiriya gihugu.

Massamba afatwa nk'umwe mu bahanzi bahiriwe no gukorera/gutumirwa mu bitaramo mu bihugu bitandukanye byo ku Isi. Ahanini biturutse ku ndirimbo ze zigaruka ku buzima bw'Igihugu, ndetse byatumye akomera ku nganzo ye kugeza n'uyu munsi.

Ku wa 31 Kanama 2024, yakoreye igitaramo gikomeye muri BK Arena yise '3040 y'Ubutore', icyo gihe yizihije imyaka 30 y'ukongera kwiyubaka k'u Rwanda n'imyaka 40 ishize ari mu muziki.

Uyu muhanzi yamamaye mu ndirimbo zirimo ‘Karame Rudasumbwa’, ‘Sisi wenyewe’, ‘Ikizungerezi’, ‘Inkotanyi Cyane’, ‘Araje’, ‘Dushengurukanye Isheja’, ‘Mama Shenge’, ‘Kanjongera’ n’izindi.

Massamba ategerejwe muri Denmark mu gihe aherutse gutaramira mu gihugu cya Canada 

Massamba yagaragaje ko yiteguye kongera gutaramira abanyamuryango ba FPR-Inkotanyi muri Denmark ku nshuro ye ya kabiri 

Ku wa 31 Kanama 2024, Massamba yakoreye igitaramo muri BK Arena mu gitaramo yise “3040 y’ubutore”

KANDA HANO UREBE AMASHUSHO Y’INDIRIMBO ‘INTSINZI’ YA MASSAMBA INTORE

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Mu itangazo yashyize ahagaragara kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki 02 Ukwakira 2024, Minisiteri y’Uburezi yashyizeho amabwiriza mashya arebana no kwirinda icyorezo cya Marburg kimaze guhitana abantu 10 mu Rwanda, mu gihe abanduye bageze kuri 29.

Ni muri urwo rwego abayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri ndetse n’abarimu basabwa kugenzura niba nta munyeshuri ufite ibimenyetso by’ingenzi biranga uburwayi bwa Marburg birimo: Umuriro ukabije, kubabara umutwe bikabije, kubabara imikaya, gucibwamo no kuruka.

Abayobozi b'ibigo by'amashuri kandi barasabwa kwihutira kohereza umunyeshuri wagaragaje ibimenyetso kwa muganga, gushishikariza abanyeshuri kwita ku isuku bakaraba intoki kenshi, kubuza abanyeshuri gutizanya imyenda n’ibindi bikoresho ndetse no guhumuriza abanyeshuri ntibakuke umutima, ahubwo bagakurikiza ingamba zose.

Ni mu gihe ababyeyi bo basabwa kwirinda kohereza ku ishuri umunyeshuri wagaragaje ibimenyetso bya Marburg, kwihutira kugeza umunyeshuri wagaragaje ibimenyetso kwa muganga kandi agasubira ku ishuri ari uko abaganga bamusezereye yakize.

Minisiteri y'Uburezi kandi irasaba abanyeshuri gukurikiza amabwiriza ajyanye no kurwanya ikwirakwizwa ry’uburwayi buterwa na virusi ya Marburg nk'uko babishishikarizwa n'abayobozi babo.

Mu rwego rwo gukaza ingamba zo kwirinda kwegerana cyane, MINEDUC yabaye ihagaritse igikorwa cyo gusura abanyeshuri biga barara mu mashuri gisanzwe gikorwa buri kwezi, kikazasubukurwa nyuma y’igenzura rizakorwa na MINEDUC ifatanyije n’inzego z’ubuzima.

Nta mpungenge zihari kuko igihe hari ibikoresho byihutirwa umunyeshuri akeneye, umubyeyi azajya korana n’ubuyobozi bw’ishuri abyohereze akoresheje ubundi buryo harimo n’ikoranabuhanga aho bishoboka.

Virusi ya Marburg ni icyorezo kiri mu cyiciro cy'ibindi bikomeye nka Ebola. Yamenyekanye cyane mu 1967 mu mijyi ya Marburg na Frankfurt mu Budage ndetse no mu mujyi wa Belgrade muri Serbia.

Ibindi byorezo bya Marburg byagiye bigaragara mu bihe bitandukanye mu bihugu nka Angola, RDC, Kenya, Afurika y'Epfo na Uganda.

MINEDUC yashyizeho amabwiriza yo kwirinda icyorezo cya Marburg mu mashuri

Bamwe bifata nk'abasigajwe inyuma n'amateka mu gihugu cyabo, aho kubona iby'ingenzi byemerewe abandi baturage birimo pasiporo, indangamuntu, gufunguza konti, kwivuza n'ibindi bigoye.

Mu itangazo ihuriro UMUBANO ryashyize hanze ryagaragaje ko iryo kusanyabitekerezo n'ubujyanama bizasozwa ku wa 1 Ukuboza 2024, bikazakorerwa ku kibuga cya Kololo Independence Grounds.

Ryakomeje rihamagarira Abanyarwanda bo muri Uganda bose kuzitabira.

Uwo muhango watumiwemo abayobozi muri Guverinoma, nk'Umushinjacyaha Mukuru, Minisitiri w'Ubutabera, Minisitiri w'Ububanyi n'Amahanga, uw'Imari, igenamigambi n'Iterambere ry'Ubukungu.

Hari kandi abadepite, inzego z'Umutekano, Urwego rushinzwe Abinjira n'Abasohoka, inzego z'ibanze, komisiyo y'uburenganzira bwa muntu, abanyapolitiki, itangazamakuru n'imiryango itari iya Leta.

Mu 2023 ni bwo hatangiye ubwo buryo bwo gukusanya ibitekerezo no gusaba ko hashyirwaho itegeko ryemerera Abanyarwanda bo muri Uganda n'ubundi bwoko guhabwa uburenganzira bukwiye, kwemerwa, guhabwa ibyangombwa n'ibindi.

Nubwo itegeko Nshinga ryo mu 1995 ryemeje ubwoko bw'Abanyarwanda nk'ubwemewe mu moko yemewe muri Uganda ariko bakomeje guhura n'ibibazo bikomeye byo kubura visa, ubwenegihugu bitewe n'amananiza akirimo.

Basaba ko bagira uburenganzira bungana n'ubw'abandi banya Uganda.

Uwo mushinga w'Itegeko ukomeje gukusanyirizwa ibitekerezo ugamije kurwanya akarengane n'ihohoterwa bamaze igihe bakora.

Usaba ko mu Itegeko Nshinga ryavugururwa mu ngingo ya 10 hagasibwa ivuga ko kugira ngo witwe umwenegihugu, agomba kuba afite ababyeyi bari batuye muri Uganda mbere ya tariki 1 Gashyantare 1926 bigasimbuzwa ibyashyizweho nyuma y'uko Uganda ibonye ubwigenge ubwo yemeje ko umuntu wese wari utuye ku butaka bwa Uganda, ahafite ababyeyi bahavukiye mu Itegeko Nshinga yiswe umunya-Uganda.

Basaba kandi kwemeza ko umuntu wese wavukiye muri Uganda agomba kwitwa umwenegihugu.

Basaba gushyiraho uburyo bumwe bw'imicungire no gutanga amahirwe angana ku moko gakondo yose yo muri Uganda.

Basaba kandi guhindura itegeko rigenga abinjira n'abasohoka ndetse bakaba banifuza guhura n'Umukuru w'Igihugu, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni ngo bamugezeho ibyifuzo byabo.

Wakwibaza ngo Abanyarwanda bo muri Uganda bagezeyo bate?

Igice kinini cy'aba Banyarwanda, ni abatuye mu duce twahoze tugize ubwami bw'u Rwanda mbere y'ikinyejana cya 20 ubwo Afurika yakolonizwaga, hagacibwa imipaka mishya.

Ibice byahoze ku Rwanda ubu bibarizwa muri Uganda harimo icyahoze ari u Bugara bwigaruriwe n'umwami Ruganzu Ndoli ahasaga mu wa 1510, Ndorwa y'Abashambo yigarurirwa na Cyilima Rujugira ahasaga mu wa 1695 na Nkole y'Abahinda yigaruriwe na Kigeli Rwabugli muri Gashyantare 1894.

Ibi bice byaje kuvanwa ku Rwanda mu nama yateranye ku wa 8 z'ukwezi kwa kabiri mu 1910, ihuje ibihugu by'u Budage bwari bwarakoronije u Rwanda, Burundi na Tanzaniya, u Bubiligi bwari bwarakoronije Congo n'u Bwongereza bwari bwarakoronije Uganda na Kenya.

Uretse abo Banyarwanda bakatiweho imipaka bakisanga biswe abaturage ba Uganda, hari n'abandi bagiye bajya gushakayo ubuzima mu gihe cy'ubukoloni, bagerayo bagaturayo burundu ndetse n'abagezeyo bahunze mu myaka ya 1950 ubwo Abatutsi mu Rwanda batotezwaga.

Ibarura rusange ryabaye mu 1959 muri Uganda, ryagaragaje ko ubwoko bw'Abanyarwanda bwari ubwa gatandatu bugizwe n'abantu benshi muri icyo gihugu.

Ubwo Uganda yabonaga ubwigenge mu 1962, umuntu wese wari utuye ku butaka bwa Uganda, ahafite ababyeyi bahavukiye mu Itegeko Nshinga yiswe umunya-Uganda.

Uyu murambo w'umugabo w'imyaka wataburuwe mu isambu y'umuturage witwa Munyaruhara iri mu Murenge wa Ruhango mu Karere ka Ruhango mu Kagari ka Rwoga.

Amakuru y'uru rupfu yamenyekanye mu gitondo cyo ku wa 30 Nzeri ubwo umukuru w'Umudugudu wa Kabambati n'abandi baturage babonaga amaraso menshi bakayibazaho bayakurikira akabageza ahantu bigaragara ko hatabye ikintu.

Bahise bitabaza inzego z'umutekano basanga harimo umurambo w'umugabo utahise umenyekana imyirondoro.

Kumenya imyirondoro ye byaturutse kuri Mukandinda Bernadette, umugore wa nyakwigendera, wageze ahabereye urwo rupfu ari gushakisha umugabo we yavugaga ko yari yamubuze mu ijoro ryo ku wa 29 Nzeri 2024, ubwo yajyaga mu kazi ntatahe.

Uyu Mukandinda akihagera, yeretswe uyu murambo maza atungurwa no gusanga ari umugabo we bishe urw'agashinyaguro.

Shyirambere Didas, Umuyobozi w'Umudugudu wa Kabambati, yabwiye itangazamakuru ko ibyo babonye mu mudugudu wabo ari agahomamunwa.

Ati 'Ni amahano akomeye kuba abantu bica umuntu bagahita banamutaba rwose.'

Yakomeje avuga ko nta nduru yigeze yumvikana muri uyu mudugudu, cyangwa ngo hagire umuturage utaka ko yabuze umuntu, bakibaza uko uyu muntu yaba yarishwe.

Abaturage bo muri aka gace babajwe cyane n'uru rupfu, basaba ko hakorwa iperereza ryimbitse, ababikoze bakabiryozwa kugira ngo bongere bagire icyizere cy'umutekano.

Umunyabanga Nshingwabikorwa w'Umurenge wa Ruhango, Kayitare Wellars, nawe yemeje iby'iyi nkuru, avuga ko bikekwa ko uyu muturage yaba yishwe n'abantu bataramenyekana.

Abageze ahabereye ubu bwicanyi bose baguye mu kantu

Ubu butumwa yabugejeje ku Nteko Rusange y'Umuryango w'Abibumbye imaze iminsi iteranira ku cyicaro cyawo i New York muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Yagize ati 'U Rwanda rubona ko mu Isi y'ubu iri kurushaho gucikamo ibice, ubumwe niyo nkingi yo gukemura ibibazo bikeneye ibisubizo byihutirwa, bimwe muri byo birenga imipaka, bikanabangamira inyungu z'ibihugu.'

Ambasaderi Rwamucyo yagaragaje ko ibibazo biriho ubu bikeneye ingamba zihuriweho ziganisha ku guha amahirwe buri wese, asobanura ko bizafasha amahanga kugera ku ntego zirambye za gahunda y'iterambere ya 2030.

Yatangaje ko u Rwanda rushyigikiye gahunda y'Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Loni, Antonio Guterres, yo gufasha ibihugu bifite ubushobozi buke kujyana n'ibindi mu rugendo rugana ku cyerekezo Isi yihaye.

Ati 'U Rwanda rutekereza ko igihe kigeze ngo amahanga afate ingamba zihamye, kandi ubu bufasha ni intambwe y'ingenzi iganisha ku hazaza heza hatabera, buri wese yisangamo kandi harambye.'

Ambasaderi Rwamucyo yasobanuye ko u Rwanda ruzi neza ingaruka z'amacakubiri, bitewe n'ingaruka yarugizeho zirimo jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, rukamenya n'umusaruro mwiza ubumwe rwahisemo nyuma y'aya mateka.

Yagize ati 'Nyuma ya jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, twebwe Abanyarwanda twisanze mu mayira abiri, aho twahisemo kureka amacakubiri, twunga ubumwe kugira ngo tubeho. Ntabwo aya mahitamo yari yoroshye ariko yari akwiye kandi yabaye igisobanuro cyo kwiyubaka k'u Rwanda rwa nyuma ya jenoside.'

Uyu mudipolomate yasobanuye ko amahanga na yo ameze nk'ari mu mayira abiri muri iki gihe, asaba ko yafatira urugero ku mahitamo y'Abanyarwanda.

Ati 'Amahanga ubu ari mu masangano nk'ayo, aho agomba guhitamo ubumwe ku bw'ineza rusange.'

Ambasaderi Rwamucyo yasabye ibihugu bikize kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, bigashora imari mu mishinga irengera ibidukikije iri muri Afurika.

Ambasaderi Rwamucyo yasabye amahanga kureka amacakubiri, agahitamo ubumwe