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Gusa ubu uyu munsi ubaye mu bihe bidasanzwe byo kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyatumye hari ibikorwa byinshi bihagarara ndetse kikanagira ingaruka ku bukungu bw’Abanyarwanda busanzwe ari wo muzi w’uyu munsi w’Umuganura.

Amateka n’inkomoko y’umunsi w’umuganura

Umuganura watangiye kwizihizwa mu Rwanda ku Ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana mu kinyejana cya cyenda, uza kongera guhabwa imbaraga na Ruganzu II Ndoli (1510-1543) ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga 15 ruri mu maboko y’abanyamahanga (Abanyoro n’Abanyabungo).

Ku rwego rw’Igihugu, Umuganura wayoborwaga n’Umwami/Umuhinza afashijwe n’abanyamihango b’umuganura naho ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru w’umuryango n’abagize uwo muryango we nabo barahuraga bakizihiza umuganura kugera hasi ku miryango mito.Ibirori by’Umuganura mu gihe cya kera byizihizwaga ku mwero w’amasaka, Abanyarwanda bagashimira Imana n’Abakurambere uburumbuke bw’umuryango, imyaka n’amatungo babahaye.

Baganuzaga Umwami amata, amasaka n’izindi mbuto nkuru ari zo uburo, inzuzi n’isogi ariko bakongeraho n’ibindi byose byabaga byeze muri icyo gihe. Umwami yafataga umwuko agatangiza umuhango wo kuvugira umutsima rubanda baje kuganuza, akawuvuga apfukamye yerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’Igihugu. Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo cy’imihigo. Muri ibyo birori, Umwami yamurikirwaga umusaruro unyuranye w’Abanyarwanda bavuye impande zose z’Igihugu, hakaba amarushanwa y’ indashyikirwa.

Kuri uwo munsi kandi, imiryango na yo yarateranaga maze umutware w’umuryango akayobora imihango n’ibirori byayikurikiraga. Umuganura rero ni kimwe mu byatumye u Rwanda ruba Igihugu gikomeye kitavogerwa kuko watumye Abanyarwanda bunga ubumwe. Mu mwaka 1925 abakoroni bahagaritse imihango y’umuganura mu Rwanda, nyuma yuko bari bamaze kwigarurira igihugu, bagatangira no kugenda bakuraho imwe mu mico nyarwanda irimo n’umunsi w’Umuganura, bakimika imico yabo. Umunsi w’umuganura wongeye guhabwa agaciro kawukwiye mu ntangiriro z’ 1980, maze itariki ya 01 Kanama irawuharirwa ku buryo hagenwaga ikiruhuko kuri iyo tariki mu Rwanda hose.

Gusa kwizihiza umuganura muri iki gihe, byarenze imbibi zo kwita ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi gusa, ahubwo bigera no mu zindi nzego zireba ubuzima n’iterambere by’Abanyarwanda. Mu bihe bisanzwe habagaho ibirori byo kwizihiza umuganura n’umusaruro w’ibyagezweho mu by’ubuzima, uburezi, ikoranabuhanga, imikino n’imyadagaduro, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ibikorwaremezo, umuco ubukerarugendo, n’ibindi.

Kwizihiza Umuganura ni ugusubira ku isôoko y’umuco wacu tukavomamo bimwe bishobora kudufasha gukemura ibibazo duhura na byo uko Igihugu kigenda gitera imbere.

Umuganura ni umunsi mukuru uhuza Abanyarwanda, abayobozi n’abayoborwa, abana n’abakuru, maze bakarebera hamwe ibyo bagezeho bagafata n’ingamba zo kuzakora neza kurushaho umwaka utaha. Umuganura ku Banyarwanda, uretse gusabana no kunga ubumwe, bazajya bishimira ibyo gahunda za Leta zatumye bageraho ari mu mibereho myiza, mu bukungu, mu miyoborere myiza, mu butabera ndetse no mu birebana n’umutekano. Muri iki gihe umuganura usa n’uwibagiranye ndetse na benshi bakunze kuvuga ko batazi uyu munsi hari n’abadasobanukiwe ibyawo.

Abakuze bo usanga bavuga ko kuba muri iki gihe abantu baragiye baba ba nyamwigendaho ku buryo nta gusangira bikibaho, ngo ni imwe mu mpamvu ituma uyu munsi utagihabwa agaciro wahoranye mbere. Usanga kandi banemeza ko ubutaka buto kandi butakirumbuka, ngo nabwo butuma abantu batakizihiza uyu munsi kubera ko beza utuntu tw’intica ntikize ariko kuri ibi Minisiterin ifiteb umuco na siporo mu nshingano ivuga kon izakomeza gukora ibishoboka ngo uyu munsi usubizwe agaciro.

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Iyo hari uburyo wakoragamo imirimo itandukanye ya buri munsi ejo ukabona hari icyahindutse, ni byiza kwihutira kwibaza icyateye impinduka kandi ukagisha inama vuba bitaratera uburwayi bukomeye.

Umuganga uvura indwara zo mu mutwe i Caraes Ndera, Dr Nsengiyumva Innocent, avuga ko amateka yaranze u Rwanda by’umwihariko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatumye habaho uburwayi buterwa n’agahinda gakabije no guhungabana cyane cyane abakorewe Jenoside.

Ati: “Icyo kibazo hari ibindi cyagiye gitera harimo indwara y’agahinda gakabije bitewe n’ihungabana. Ubushakashatsi buvuga ko n’abantu bahorana indwara zihoraho nka Diyabeti, umuvuduko w’amaraso, kanseri n’izindi umuntu abana na zo igihe kirekire, kubera ko zidashira bituma ufite ubwo burwayi agira agahinda gahoraho, abakoresha ibiyobyabwenge bikomeye cyane cyane urubyiruko, ibibazo bitewe n’impanuka, indwara y’igicuri, n’ibindi”.

Izo ndwara iyo zititaweho hakiri kare ngo zivurwe bishobora kubyara cyangwa guhindukamo guhorana igishyika, kwigunga, guhangayika, gucika k’ukubana n’abandi, iyo bitinze bihindura imitekerereze y’umuntu wacukumbura neza ugasanga hari uburwayi byateje.

Nshimiyimana Ignace wivuza uburwayi bwo mu mutwe, avuga ko mu buto bwe afite imyaka cumi n’ine(14) yahuye n’ikibazo abantu bakamuha akato, bavuga ko yasaze ariko we abyima agaciro. Ati : “Ubwo nagiraga uburwayi, nari mvuye ahantu kureba filime, nkandagiye numva nsa nk’ukandagiye umuriro, ariko ndasindagira ngera mu rugo. Nabonaga amashusho n’amajwi bidasanzwe abandi batabonaga nyuma iwacu barankurikiranye baramvuza mu bitaro ndoroherwa ndataha nsubira mu buzima busanzwe”.

Indwara y’agahinda gakabije ni indwara ikura cyane kandi abenshi ntibakunze kubimenya ko bayifite.

Abenshi bagira ibibazo ariko ntibashake kugira uwo babibwira bitewe n’isi ya none turimo, bityo igihe arwaye ntabashe kwivuza agakomeza kubihisha kandi ababaye imbere nyuma ugasanga umuntu yituye hasi.

Ibimenyetso by’umuntu ufite indwara y’agahinda gakabije

. Kwijima mu maso: uyirwaye ntabasha kwishima mu maso ngo bigaragare,ntasinzira neza, agahora ananiwe.

.Gutakaza uburyohe: nta cyanga cy’ubuzima umuntu aba agifite ngo yiyiteho, ntagire isuku, mbese ibintu byari bisanzwe bigushimisha ntibyongere kugushimisha.
Hari imisemburo imwe n’imwe itongera gukora kuko umuntu aba ashaka kuguma cyangwa kuba wenyine.

Dr Nsengiyumva ashishikariza buri wese ko mu gihe agize bimwe muri ibyo bimenyetso cyangwa hakagira uwo abibonaho ko yakwihutira kujya gusaba ubufasha indwara itarakura.

Uwayezu Yvonne wakize uburwayi bwo mu mutwe avuga ko ubu burwayi iteka bugira impamvu runaka yabuteye. Yongeraho ko we yabutewe n’ingaruka za Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994.

Ati: “Byose biba bifite impamvu, kuba umuntu yagira ubuzima bubi biri mu mpamvu yatuma umuntu arwara mu mutwe cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge byinshi. Njyewe ntangira kugira ubu burwayi nabonaga amashusho y’abantu bo mu muryango wanjye bapfuye bangarukira, nkahura n’umuntu nkamwitiranya n’uwapfuye cyangwa nkabona bazutse. Akenshi nisangaga mu bitaro i Ndera ntazi uko nahageze, nkibaza igituma mbyuka nkisanga mu bitaro by’abarwayi bo mu mutwe nkibaza ikizatuma nkira ariko simbone umuti”.

Avuga ko umuganga atashatse kuvuga izina wamukurikiranaga, rimwe yigeze kumubwira ko nakomeza kurwara bizatuma agira ahazaza habi cyane. Icyo gihe yahisemo gushaka ikintu yakora ntiyitekerezeho cyane maze ahitamo kujya kwiga amashuri yisumbuye kuko yakundaga kwiga kugira ngo bimuhe umunezero.Yongeraho kandi ko yafashe imiti izajya imufasha mu buzima bwa buri munsi ndetse yiyemeza no gushaka akazi ku buryo ntawe azajya asaba amafaranga yo kujya kwivuza.

Ingaruka zo kugira uburwayi bwo mu mutwe

Dr Nsengiyumva asobanura ko ufite indwara y’agahinda adashobora gukora neza kuko ibitekerezo bye biba bitari hamwe.

Ntagira umuhate wo gukora akazi ke neza kandi nta n’umusaruro w’ibyo akora ushobora kubona kuko aba atabishaka.

Dr Nsengiyumva avuga ko ingaruka ikomeye yo kugira indwara y’agahinda ntuvurwe ari uko nyuma yo kwiyanga, kutagira icyerekezo no kutagira uwo uganiriza bivamo kwiyahura.

Haragirimana Claver, umuyobozi w’umuryango nyarwanda ufasha abantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe APROMAMER avuga ko bafasha abafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe bitewe n’akato kuko akenshi uwari arwaye iyo avuye i Ndera kujya mu muryango nyarwanda akenshi biragorana kuko bahezwa.

Agira ati: “Ntituvura, ahubwo dufasha abavuye kwa muganga kwisanga mu muryango nyarwanda ndetse no gutoza abo basanze kubisangamo. Twigisha abo bahuye n’ibyo bibazo kwirwanirira ishyaka ku buryo bigira ntihagire uwo basaba, kugira ngo bitavamo kubona uko bamuca urwaho bakamuha akato”.

Ubutumwa atanga ni uko abantu bagomba kumva ko indwara yo mu mutwe ari indwara isanzwe ushobora kwandura utayikururiye, kandi ko ivurwa igakira. Asaba kandi umuryango nyarwanda gufasha abaganga bita ku bantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe mu kwita ku ntambwe baba bamaze kugeraho yo kuvura abafite ibyo bibazo.

Umuganga uvura indwara zo mu mutwe i Caraes Ndera, Dr Nsengiyumva Innocent, atanga inama ku muryango nyarwanda kurangwa n’umuco wa kera wo gusurana, gufashanya n’ubwo muri iyi minsi yo kurwanya ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo cya Covid-19 bitoroshye, ariko byibura aho babonye umuntu wahindutse ikibazo cye bakigire icyabo. Guhamagara mugenzi wawe, mwavugana ukumva hari impinduka ukihutira kumenya gitera aho biri ngombwa mugahura imbona nkubone, uwo usanze afite ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru ukihutira kwegera muganga agafashwa bitaragera kure ngo bimuviremo uburwayi karande.