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RDB ishyizeho iyi politiki nyuma y'uko muri Kamena uyu mwaka, ihawe inshingano zo kugenzura ibijyanye n'imikino y'amahirwe, intego ikaba “Gushyiraho urwego rw'imikino y'amahirwe rutekanye kandi rugenzurwa, rurinda abaturage ibyababangamira kandi ruteza imbere ubukungu na sosiyete Nyarwanda.”

Imikino ivugwa muri iyi politiki irimo 'Tombola'. Uyu ukaba mukino w'amahirwe ukinwa mu gihe abawukina bagura amatike ashingiye ku mahirwe yo gutsindira ibihembo.

Harimo kandi kazino (casino), irimo umukino w'amakarita ukinirwa ku meza (poker), umukino wo kubika no kubura amakarita (blackjack), umukino wo guhirika akabumbe ku mupira wihindukiza uriho imibare (roulette), umukino ushingiye ku kuba umukinnyi afite amakarita abiri cyangwa atatu mu ntoki (baccarat), kimwe n'imashini zinjizwamo ibiceri n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byifashishwa mu mikino y'amahirwe.

Iyi politiki kandi ireba ibyo gutega ku mikino, ari nabyo bimenyerewe cyane mu Rwanda. Aha harimo gushyiraho integano ku bizava mu bikorwa by'imikino biba imbonankubone cyangwa bibera mu ikoranabuhanga.

Harimo gutega ku bikorwa by'imikino bisanzwe mu mikino irimo uw'amaguru, uw'intoki, isiganwa ry'amafarasi no gutega ku bikorwa by'imikino bibera mu ikoranabuhanga rya murandasi. Gutega bijyanye n'imikino bishobora gukorerwa mu nzu zo gutegeramo zifite impushya cyangwa ku mbuga z'ikoranabuhanga zibifitiye impushya.

Iyi politiki inareba Imashini yinjizwamo ibiceri. Iyi ni imashini yinjizwamo ibiceri cyangwa imashini ikoreshwa ku mikino y'amahirwe mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga (Electronic Gaming Machine (EGM)), ikaba icyuma gikoreshwa mu bikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe kigizwe n'ibyuma byihindukiza biriho ibimenyetso bitandukanye.

Abakina binzijamo amafaranga n'integano zirebana n'ibishobora kuboneka bigaragazwa n'ibimenyetso hashingiwe ku buryo bwagenwe bwo kwishyura.

Ibibazo biterwa n'imikino y'amahirwe mu Rwanda

Ubusanzwe imikino y'amahirwe ishobora kugira ingaruka nziza zirimo guhanga imirimo, kongera imisoro n'ibindi bitandukanye. Nko mu Rwanda, urwego rw'imikino y'amahirwe rwagize uruhare ku izamuka ry'ubukungu binyuze mu guhanga imirimo, kwinjiza imisoro no gushora imari mu bikorwa bitandukanye.

Hagati ya 2013 na 2019, urwo rwego rwungutse 264,3 Frw harimo imisoro ingana na miliyari 8,8 Frw, runagira uruhare mu gutanga imisanzu mu rwego rw'Ubwiteganyirize mu Rwanda (RSSB) ingana na miliyoni 623,2 Frw, amahoro n'andi mafaranga angana na miliyoni 334,2 Frw.

Imirimo igera ku 2,000 yarahanzwe harimo 79% mu birebana no gutega bijyanye n'imikino, 13% ku mashini zinjizwamo ibiceri na 8% kuri kazino. Ibi byafashije kugabanya umubare w'abashomeri ndetse bizamura ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi mu nzego zifitanye isano n'urwo rwego.

Icyakora nubwo bimeze gutya, haracyari ibyuho muri uru rwego bituma iyi mikino ishobora kugira ingaruka zirimo n'ibibazo byo mu mutwe, guteza ubukene mu bafite amikoro aciriritse n'ibindi.

Ikindi kibazo cyagaragajwe ni ikigero cyiyongera cy'ababatwa n'imikino y'amahirwe, kujegajega ku bukungu bw'abasanzwe binjiza amafaranga make, ibishobora kongera ubukene ndetse bikanatera ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

Iyi politiki ibigarukaho, ivuga ko mu “bitera ihungabana harimo ihungabana rituruka ku bihe bibi umuntu yabayemo, kwiheba n'agahinda kenshi bifite aho bihurira no kubatwa n'imikino y'amahirwe, bikarushaho gutuma ingaruka z'ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe ziba mbi ku bantu.”

Ku rundi ruhande, kutagenzura neza iyi mikino ndetse n'ibijyanye n'imari, bishobora kuvamo ibikorwa by'amafaranga bitagengwa n'amategeko bishobora kuganisha ku inyerezwa ryayo.

Ni mu gihe kandi imisoro iva mu bikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe ikiri mike mu Rwanda kubera kutabasha kubahiriza amategeko agenga imisoro, cyane cyane ku mbuga zikorerwaho imikino y'amahirwe hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Ibi byose bishobora kuvamo ibikorwa byo kunyereza imisoro, ubujura no kudaha amahirwe angana abafite ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe. Ni mu gihe umusaruro uturuka muri ibi bikorwa utagira uruhare rufatika mu iterambere ry'imibereho n'ubukungu kubera ko urwo rwego rutabasha gusora mu buryo bukwiriye.

Ibi byagaragaye cyane mu 2023 ubwo abantu benshi bafite ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe baciwe ihazabu kubera kutubahiriza ibipimo ngengamikorere.

Ikindi ni uko kutabasha kurengera abitabira imikino y'amahirwe bituma abakina batsikamirwa n'ababashakamo indonke, banagamije kwigwizaho inyungu.

Havugutswe umuti w'ibi bibazo

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n'ibi bibazo, RDB yagaragaje politiki izagira uruhare mu guteza imbere urwego rw'imikino y'amahirwe mu Rwanda.

Iyi politiki ikubiye mu kunoza imicungire y'ingaruka ku mibereho no ku bukungu ijyana na gahunda z'ibikorwa byizewe by'imikino y'amahirwe, gahunda z'ubukangurambaga, serivisi zishinzwe ubufasha n'amategeko aboneye arebana no kwamamaza.

Mu birebana no kurengera imibereho y'Abanyarwanda, harimo korohereza umuntu kuba yakwivana muri iyi mikino igihe abishatse, hagashyirwaho ingano ntarengwa y'amafaranga atangwa ndetse no kubona serivisi z'ubufasha ku bibazo by'abakina imikino y'amahirwe.

Harimo kandi kongera ubukangurambaga bwibanda cyane cyane ku matsinda aterwa ibibazo n'iyo mikino, arimo urubyiruko n'abashobora kubatwa n'imikino y'amahirwe.

Ikindi ni ugushyiraho imirongo ya telefoni itangirwaho ubufasha ku rwego rw'igihugu na serivisi zitanga ubufasha n'ubujyanama ku bantu bagizweho ingaruka n'ibibazo bikomoka ku mikino y'amahirwe.

Ku bijyanye n'amategeko ajyanye no kwamamaza ndetse no gusakaza ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe, hazibandwa ku bakiri bato bitabira iyi mikino ndetse n'abagirwaho ingaruka n'iyo mikino.

Harimo kandi kwirinda gukoresha ibyamamare n'abantu bakomeye mu mikino mu gihe cyo kwamamaza, cyangwa kwifashisha ahantu hafite umwihariko mu gihe cyo kwamamaza ndetse n'ubutumwa busobanutse buburira abantu ku ngaruka z'imikino y'amahirwe.

Hari kandi kugaragaza ibibazo by'abakina imikino y'amahirwe, hagashyirwaho uburyo n'amabwiriza bigezweho by'igenzura bikoreshwa mu kugaragaza ingero zidasanzwe mu gutega n'imyitwarire yerekeza ku bibazo bikomoka ku mikino y'amahirwe.

Abafite ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe basabwa kubigiramo uruhare no gufasha bantu bagizweho ingaruka.

Imisoro igiye kongerwa

Mu Rwanda, abafite ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe bishyura 13% ku mafaranga mbumbe binjije (ikinyuranyo hagati y'amafaranga biteze n'ayatsindiwe), naho abakina imikino y'amahirwe bishyura 15% by'ayo batsindiye.

Iri janisha riri hasi cyane ugereranyije n'ahandi kuko nko Macau isoresha 39% by'umutungo mbumbe winjira ku musoro ku mikino y'amahirwe. Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika zisoresha 24%, bikaba 15% ku Bwongereza.

Iyi politiki ivuga ko “mu guhuza gahunda y'isoresha na gahunda z'iterambere zishyirwa imbere ku rwego rw'igihugu, ivugurura rizashimangira uruhare rw'urwego rw'imikino y'amahirwe mu gushyigikiraho gahunda rusange, harimo ubuvuzi, uburezi n'izindi gahunda z'imibereho zigomba kwitabwaho, kandi rigafasha mu iterambere ryizewe ry'urwego rw'imikino y'amahirwe.”

Kubera izo mpamvu, hateganyijwe ibikorwa birimo “kongera gusuzuma ijanisha ry'umusoro no kongera gusobanura ifatizo ry'umusoro hagamijwe kongera umutungo winjira no kunoza imikorere.”

Harimo kandi gushyiraho umusoro ku byaguzwe uhindagurika urebana n'ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe. Uyu musoro uzajya ukatwa ku mafaranga yateganijwe n'ukina imikino y'amahirwe mu rwego rwo guca intege abitabira imikino y'amahirwe mu buryo buhoraho.

Iyi politiki ivuga ko “Ikigereranyo nyakuri cy'ijanisha ry'imisoro kigomba kugereranywa n'ikijyanye n'ibindi bintu byangiza ubuzima bw'abantu nk'itabi, mu rwego rwo guca intege abitabira mu buryo buykabije imikino y'amahirwe.”

Ikindi gikorwa ni ugushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zirebana n'imisoro harimo umusoro ushingiye ku mafaranga yinjijwe ku mutungo rusange w'ufite ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe, bigafatwa nk'umusanzu utegetswe ku mibereho hagamijwe kongera umutungo no kugabanya ibikorwa by'imikino y'amahirwe byabangamira abandi bantu batarebwa na byo.

Iyi politiki kandi ivuga ko “Ishyirwaho ry'Urwego rw'igihugu rushinzwe imikino y'amahirwe na Komisiyo y'imikino y'amahirwe ndetse n'Urwego ngenzuramikorere ku mikino y'amahirwe rwigenga hamwe n'iyubahirizwa ry'imirongo ngenderwaho iboneye.”

Yongeraho ko “ibi bizagabanya ibikorwa bitemewe n'amategeko, bizamure imikorere ishingiye ku bisabwa kandi birengere abantu bagira ibibazo bitewe n'imikino y'amahirwe. Mu myaka 10 iri imbere, urwego rw'imikino y'amahirwe mu Rwanda ruteganya gukora impinduka zikomeye zishingiye ku ivugurura ry'ubugenzuzi n'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.”

Iyo mpanuka yabereye ku muhanda Gicumbi-Base ubwo imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa coaster yari itwaye abanyamuryango ba FPR Inkotanyi bo muri Gicumbi berekeje mu nana i Musanze yananirwaga gukata ikorosi igata umuhanda.

Umuntu umwe yahise yitaba Imana, mu gihe abandi 28 bakomeretse harimo barindwi bakomeretse bikabije.

Umuyobozi w'Akarere ka Gicumbi, Nzabonimpa Emmanuel yahamirije IGIHE ko uwaburiye ubuzima muri iyo mpanuka ari Nyirandama Chantal.

Ati 'Uwari nyiri Nice Garden Hotel yaguye muri iyo mpanuka. Yari umubyeyi ufite ubushake bwo kwiteza imbere kandi wabonaga bigenda kuko yari yaranafunguye andi mashami. Ni igihombo gikomeye kuko yari n'umunyamuryango wa FPR Inkotanyi utanga icyizere cy'ahazaza'.

Nzabonimpa yakomeje avuga ko kubura Nyirandama ari n'igihombo ku bikorera muri Gicumbi ariko ko bazagerageza gutera ikirenge mu cye.

Ati 'Nyirandama yari n'umuyobozi mu gashami k'abafite amahoteli mu rugaga rw'abikorera muri Gicumbi, urumva ko na byo ari igihombo ariko abikorera bazakora uko bashoboye bazibe icyo cyuho'.

Yongeyeho ko nyakwigendera yari afitiye akamaro umuryango mugari muri rusange kuko hari benshi batangaga ubuhamya yagiye aha akazi muri hoteli ye ariko akabafata nk'abana be, bigatuma babasha kwiyubaka na bo bagatera imbere.

Meya Nzabonimpa yaboneyeho gushima umuryango RPF Inkotanyi wababaye hafi muri ibyo byago bagize kuko inama yawo yari igiye kubera i Musanze yahise isubikwa Ubunyamabanga Bukuru bwawo n'Intara y'Amajyarugura baza kwifatanya n'abagize ibyago muri rusange by'umwihariko banasura umuryango wa nyakwigendera.

Nyakwigendera Nyirandama Chantal yari nyiri hoteli yitwa Nice Garden yatangiye ari restaurant mu 2015, kuri ubu ikaba yari imaze gufungura ishami ryayo ndetse na restaurants ibyiri ziyishamikiyeho.

Iryo shami ryayo na ryo riri mu Karere ka Gicumbi ryafunguwe ku itariki 30 Kanama 2024 ritwaye arenga miliyoni 350 Frw.

Muri ibyo bikorwa bye by'ubucuruzi nyakwigendera yakoreshaga abakozi bagera kuri 40 bahoraho wongeyeho n'abandi bakoraga nyakabyizi bitewe n'akazi gahari.

Mu kiganiro yigeze kugirana na IGIHE nyakwigendera yavuze ko ashimira ubuyobozi bw'Igihugu ku mahirwe bwamuhaye nk'umugore akabasha kwiteza imbere; ibyaje no kumuhesha kujya mu mahugurwa y'amezi ane mu by'ubucuruzi n'amahoteli yabereye muri Amerika mu 2017.

Nyirandama Chantal washinze hoteli Nice Garden yahitanywe n’impanuka y’imodoka

Iyi hoteli ya Nyirandama Chantal yuzuye itwaye miliyoni 350 Frw

Byabereye mu turere dutatu turimo Kamonyi mu Murenge wa Runda, Akagari ka Muganza, Umudugudu wa Nyagacyamo, ahafashwe abantu bane b'igitsina gabo bari hagati y'imyaka 17 na 30.

Uyu mukwabu wanabaye mu Karere ka Nyamagabe, Umurenge wa Gasaka, Akagari ka Nyamugali mu Mudugudu wa Nyabivumu, aho abantu batandatu b'igitsina gabo bari hagati y'imyaka 27 na 47 bafashwe, ndetse no mu Karere ka Nyaruguru mu mirenge ya Ngoma na Ngera, ahafashwe abantu batanu b'igitsina gabo bari hagati y'imyaka 17 na 40.

Umuvugizi wa Polisi mu Ntara y'Amajyepfo, SP Emmanuel Habiyaremye, yemereye IGIHE iby'aya makuru, avuga ko ibi byose biri muri gahunda isanzwe ya Polisi yo gukumira no kurwanya ibyaha muri rusange hashingiwe ku makuru aba yatanzwe n'abaturage ku hari umutekano muke.

Ati 'Birakorwa muri gahunda isanzwe yo gukumira no kurwanya ibyaha, ariko twibanda cyane aho tubona hateye ikibazo. Urumva niba abantu batega abandi bakabambura bakanabakomeretsa, bariya bantu baba ari abanyabyaha buriya.''

'Aho hantu abaturage batwereka tugomba kuhahanga ijisho, ni yo mpamvu ubona tujya mu mabuye y'agaciro tukahashinga agati kubera ingaruka biteza n'ahandi henshi tubona ko ari ingenzi mu gukumira ibyaha.''

SP Habiyaremye yakomeje avuga ko ibi bikorwa bizakomeza hagamijwe guhashya abagizi ba nabi, asaba abaturage gukomeza ubufatanye batanga amakuru, anibutsa ko ntawe ukwiye guhishira cyangwa kwirengagiza gutanga amakuru ku munyacyaha kabone n'ubwo yaba afitanye isano y'amaraso n'uyatanga kuko ubutaha ari we agirira nabi.

Yanasabye abagiteza umutekano muke badashaka kubivamo, kwitegura ingaruka kuko nta gahenge bateze guhabwa na Polisi.

Kuri ubu abatawe muri yombi kuri iyi nshuro bose bufungiye kuri sitasiyo za Polisi za Runda muri Kamonyi, Gasaka muri Nyamagabe na Ngera muri Nyaruguru.

Muri uku kwezi k'Ugushyingo gusa hamaze gufatwa abantu bagera kuri 84 bakekwaho ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo ubujura ndetse no gucukura no kugura amabuye y'agaciro mu buryo butemewe.

Abantu batanu bafatiwe i Nyaruguru mu mirenge ya Ngoma na Ngera, ubu bafungiye kuri sitasiyo ya Polisi ya Ngera

Steve Harvey asura urwo rwibutso yatambagijwe ibice binyuranye byarwo ndetse anasobanurirwa amateka yagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Mu butumwa yahatangiye yashishikarije abatuye Isi kumenya ukuri kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuko ari imwe mu zakoranwe ubakana bukomeye.

Ati 'Ku batuye Isi, ndatekereza ko mu by'ukuri bakwiye kumenya ukuri kw'ibyabaye kandi uko kuri gukwiye kuvugwa. Nk'uruganda rwa sinema rwa Hollywood ntirushishikajwe n'uko kuri kandi narubayemo igihe kirekire, ukuri si umwihariko wabo'.

'Sindiyumvisha mu by'ukuri ubukana byakoranywe ku buryo abantu barenga miliyoni bishwe mu minsi 100! Biteye ubwoba'.

Steve yakomeje avuga ko nubwo ayo mateka ashaririye cyane yabayeho, ariko kubabarira ari ingenzi kuko iyo bitabaye nta terambere rishoboka.

Ati 'Kubabarira ntibiba bigenewe buri gihe uwakoze icyaha ahubwo na mwe mwari mubikwiye kugira ngo mubashe gutera intambwe ijya imbere. Nishimiye uburyo abarokotse bakomeye kandi nshimishijwe n'aho iki gihugu cyavuye n'intambwe kiri gutera. Ndatekereza ko gifite amahirwe menshi kuko gifite abantu bakomeye kandi umutungo ukomeye burya ni abantu, iyo ubafite uba ufite uburyo'.

Steve yasoje avuga ko inkunga ishoboka mu bushobozi bwe yiteguye kuyitanga mu rwego rwo gushyigikira intambwe y'iterambere u Rwanda rukomeje gutera.

Broderick Stephen Harvey w'imyaka 67, ni umunyamakuru kuri televiziyo, umunyarwenya, umukinnyi wa filime, umwanditsi na rwiyemezamirimo muri Amerika.

Yamamaye mu biganiro nka The Steve Harvey Morning Show, Family Feud, Celebrity Family n'ibindi. Yagiriye uruzinduko mu Rwanda kuva ku itariki ya 18 Ugushyingo aho yahuye na Perezida Paul Kagame ndetse asura n'ibice bitandukanye mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Steve Harvey yanyuzwe n’uburyo u Rwanda rutaheranywe n’amateka

Yeretswe uburyo itangazamakuru ryagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi

Steve Harvey yasobanuriwe ibyo Igihugu gikora ngo gikomeze kwiyubaka

Icyatangaje ni uburyo uyu mugabo avuga Ikinyarwanda adategwa, bitari uko yakize mu ishuri, ahubwo ari ururimi rwe kavukire, n'ubwo ari Umunya-Uganda ndetse uri mu nzego nkuru z'umutekano z'iki gihugu.

Ibi si umwihariko kuri Brig Gen Kulayigye, ahubwo mu Karere k'Ibiyaga Bigari habarurwa Abaturage barenga miliyoni 40 bavuga Ikinyarwanda, mu gihe Abanyarwanda (Abaturage b'u Rwanda) ubwabo bakabakaba miliyoni 14.

Muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo honyine habarurwa abarenga miliyoni ebyiri bavuga Ikinyarwanda, biganjemo abo mu bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge ndetse n'andi avuga Ikinyarwanda. Biganje mu Ntara za Kivu y'Amajyaruguru na Kivu y'Amajyepfo.

Intandaro yo kuba mu batuye Uburasirazuba bwa Congo harimo abavuga ikinyarwanda ni iya kera cyane kuko yahereye mu igabanwa rya Afurika. Inama yateye imirwi ibihugu bya Afurika yabereye i Berlin mu Budage hagati ya tariki 15 Ugushyingo 1884 n'iya 26 Gashyantare 1885 yo yabaye izingiro ryo gutuma abari abanyarwanda bisanga bitwa aba-Zayirwa.

Mbere y'iyo tariki ibice bya Goma, Masisi, Rutshuru n'Ikirwa cya Idjwi byari mu bice bigize u Rwanda. Utwo duce twaje kwegurirwa Congo-Belge mu masezerano anyuranye yabaye hagati y' u Bubiligi n'u Budage ku wa 14 Gicurasi 1910.

Muri Uganda naho habarizwa abavuga Ikinyarwanda barenga miliyoni 12 , biganje mu Majyepfo ashyira Uburengerazuba, mu turere twa Kisoro, Kabale na Kanungu. Benshi ni abo mu bwoko bw'Abafumbira.

Na Tanzania ni uko kuko habarurwa abavuga Ikinyarwanda barenga ibihumbi 500. Benshi muri aba batuye mu bice bya Akagera, bo mu bwoko bw'Aba-Haya.

Kubera iki hari izi miliyoni zindi nyinshi z'abavuga Ikinyarwanda bari hanze y'imipaka y'u Rwanda? Haba hari isano bafitanye n'u Rwanda? Ese ni Abanyarwanda?

Ibi ni bimwe mu bibazo bikunze kugaruka mu mitwe ya benshi iyo batekereje kuri iki kibazo, ari na byo turibandaho muri iyi nkuru.

Kugira ngo umuntu asobanukirwe neza iby'iki kibazo, ni icy'ingenzi gusubira mu mateka.

Uko u Rwanda rwanganaga mbere y’umwaka wa 1900

Amateka agaragaza gukwirakwira k'umubare munini w'abavuga Ikinyarwanda hirya no hino mu Karere kwatangiye mu kinyejana cya 19, kugeza mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, ubwo Abanyaburayi bashyiragaho imipaka mishya.

Usibye ibice byahawe Congo, ibindi nabyo mu Majyaruguru n'u Burasirazuba bw'u Rwanda, byashyizwe kuri Uganda. Byatumye u Rwanda rutakaza umubare munini w'abaturage bisanze mu bindi bihugu gusa bagumana umuco wabo n'ururimi, bakomeza kuvuga Ikinyarwanda nubwo batari bakiri Abanyarwanda mu buryo bw'ubwenegihugu.

Usibye umubare munini w'abisanze muri Congo kubera igikorwa cyo guhindura imipaka, hari n'abandi abakoroni bimuriye muri Congo hagati ya 1937 na 1954, muri gahunda yiswe 'Mission Immigration Banyarwanda'.

Ikwirakwira ry'ururimi rw'Ikinyarwanda, ryatangiranye n'ihangwa ryarwo, aho igihugu cy'i Gasabo cyari kimwe mu bihugu 29 byari kuri ubu butaka bwitwa u Rwanda kuri ubu, cyihaye gahunda yo guhuza ibyo bihugu ngo bibe igihugu kimwe.

Guhera ubwo nibwo hafashwe gahunda yo guhuza imibereho n'imibanire hakoreshejwe ishyingirana. Utabaye umukwe w'u Rwanda, akaba umukazana.

Uko gukwirakwira kw'Abanyarwanda bashyingirana n'abo mu karere rurimo, ni kimwe mu byabaye umuzi wo gukwirakwiza ururimi rw'Ikinyarwanda, aho bageze hose.

Gukwirakwira k'ururimi rw'Ikinyarwanda kandi kwatangiye kurushaho gukaza umurego mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, kugeza mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, ubwo Abanyaburayi bashyiragaho imipaka mishya. Abandi bakagomera amahame akarishye y'abakoroni, bagahitamo kubahunga bakigira mu mahanga.

Mbere y'Ubukoloni, u Rwanda rwari Ubwami bukomeye mu karere, ndetse bwari bugari, bugera mu bice bya Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi y'uyu munsi.

Mu Burengerazuba, Abanyaburayi bafashe ibice bya Goma, Bukavu na Kivu byombi babyomeka kuri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo y'uyu munsi.

Mu Majyaruguru bafashe ibice bya Kisoro na Kabale kugera za Mbarara, babyomeka kuri Uganda.

Mu Burasirazuba ho nta gice cy'u Rwanda cyagiye kuri Tanzania, ariko mu gace k'Akagera uzahasanga abaturage benshi bavuga Ikinyarwanda, kuko iki gice cyahoze ari igihugu cya Karagwe cyahanzwe na Ruhinda rwa Kazigaba wagengaga Ingoma y'U Rweya rw'u Mubali yari muri Kayonza na Gatsibo mu Rwanda. Kubera kugira inkomoko mu Rwanda, byatumye na bo bokamwa n'urwo rurimi.

Ubwo ubuso bw'u Rwanda bwagabanywaga, benshi mu Banyarwanda bari batuye muri ibyo bice, bisanze mu bindi bihugu, abandi bahitamo kwimukira aho handi ku bushake kubera ibibazo birimo inzara n'intambara. Iyi ni yo mpamvu uzasanga muri Kisoro hari abaturage benshi bavuga Ikinyarwanda, ari nako bimeze mu ntara za Kivu zombi ndetse no mu gice cy'Akagera muri Tanzania.

Ubwo ubukoloni bwari butangiye hari umubare munini w'Abanyarwanda wagiye ukurwa mu gihugu, ujyanwa mu bindi bice mu mirimo itandukanye irimo ubuhinzi bw'ikawa no gukora mu birombe by'amabuye.

Umubare munini w'Abanyarwanda bagiye muri ubu buryo uzawusanga muri Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo. Aba batandukanye n'abakatiweho imipaka, ariko kubera kumara igihe kinini muri ibi bihugu barorotse, bahinduka abaturage.

Uretse aba, hari n'undi mubare muto w'Abanyarwanda wisanze mu bihugu by'abaturanyi cyane cyane muri Uganda kuko abasekuruza babo bagiyeyo kera bagiye gupasa. Aba nta bwo bashyirwa mu bagiye bahunze cyangwa abakatiweho imipaka.

Hari umubare munini w'abahunze mu 1959

Indi mpamvu ikomeye ituma mu Karere hari abaturage Benshi bavuga Ikinyarwanda, ni amateka ashaririye u Rwanda rwanyuzemo arimo n'imeneshwa ry'Abatutsi mu 1959.

Umubare munini w'aba Banyarwanda wahungiye muri Uganda, u Burundi, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo na Tanzania.

Bitewe n'imyaka myinshi aba Banyarwanda bamaze muri ibi bihugu barahabyariye, barahashaka ndetse imwe mu mico yabo bayisangiza abo bari baturanye.

Nyuma y'ihagarikwa rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, benshi muri Aba Banyarwanda baratashye, ariko harimo n'abandi bake bahisemo gusigarayo kuko ariho bari barabonye uburyo bw'imibereho. Iyi ni yo mpamvu uzasanga hari Abanyarwanda benshi baba mu Rwanda, ariko bafite babyara babo n'abandi bafitanye isano baba muri Tanzania na Uganda.

Kenshi usanga Ikinyarwanda cyarakomeje kuba ururimi rw'aba baturage kuko batahise bivanga n'andi moko basanze muri ibi bihugu, ari na yo ntandaro y'umubare munini w'abakivuga ariko batabarizwa ku butaka bw'u Rwanda, gusa hamwe na hamwe uzasanga uru rurimi rwaragiye rugorekwa kubera kuruvanga n'izindi ndimi no kwibagirwa umwimerere warwo.

BTN yatangaje ko iryo bara ryabaye ku gicamunsi cy'itariki 23 Ugushyingo 2024 ubwo abaturanyi ba nyakwigendera bamusangaga mu nzu amanitse mu mugozi wakozwe mu ishuka.

Ntibahise bamenya neza icyaba cyateye uyu musore kwiyahura ariko bahuriza ku kuba yari amaranye icyumweru n'indaya noneho nyuma baza kugirana ubwimvikane buke baratandukana ari byo bajye gukurikirwa no kwiyahura kwe.

Umwe yagize ati 'Yari amaranye iminsi n'indaya ariko ejo barashwanye bararwana ayibwira ko yamujyaniye amafaranga na telefone ariko indaya irigendera'.

Undi yagize ati 'Intandaro ni uko iyo ndaya yamwibye ibihumbi 300 Frw na telefone nari mpibereye bashwana'.

Bongeyeho ko mu gitondo cy'umunsi yiyahuyeho, nyakwigendera yari yavuze ko umuntu uraza kumushaka bamubwira ko aba ari mu mujyi ariko baza gutungurwa no kumva inkuru y'urupfu rwe.

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w'Umurenga wa Nyamyumba, Nkurunziza Faustin yemeje urupfu rwa nyakwigendera ndetse avuga ko hari n'urwandiko yasize yanditse ariko batarabasha gusoma ibyanditseho.

Abaturanyi ba nyakwigendera bamunenze ku kuba yafashe umwanzuro wo kwiyaka ubuzima bitewe n'impamvu izo ari zose, baboneraho no gukebura abishora mu ngeso z'uburaya kuko zigira ingaruka mbi.

U Rwanda ruri mu rugendo rwo guteza imbere ubuvuzi ku buryo ruzaba igicumbi cya serivisi z'ubuvuzi, ndetse bimwe byatangiye kugerwaho, kuko rutacyohereza abarwayi benshi mu bitaro byo mu mahanga kwivuza indwara zikomeye.

Umuyobozi Ushinzwe Serivisi z'Ubuvuzi n'Ubuzima Rusange muri Minisiteri y'Ubuzima, Dr Athanase Rukundo yabwiye RBA ko kera nta wari uzi ko mu Rwanda bashobora kubaga umuntu bakamukuramo impyiko yangiritse, bakamuha indi.

Ati 'Nta wari uzi ko ushobora gufungura umuntu ukamubaga umutima. Abantu bari bazi ko umutima udashobora gukorwaho ngo iyo uwukozeho arapfa ariko ubu ibyo birakorwa mu gihugu. Nta wari uzi ko mu Rwanda dushobora kuhavurira kanseri, ibi ni bimwe mu byadutwaraga amafaranga menshi. Wasangaga hari abantu twohereza hanze bajya kwivuza izi ndwara kubera ko tudashobora kuzivurira mu gihugu.'

Yavuze ko hari serivisi nyinshi zigezweho mu buvuzi abanyamahanga biganjemo abo mu karere u Rwanda ruherereyemo bayobotse inzira yo kujya kwivuriza mu mavuriro yo mu Rwanda.

Ati 'Tubabona mu byiciro bitandukanye, hari abaza baturutse muri ibi bihugu bidukikije, cyangwa se turi mu karere kamwe kuko babona imitangire yacu ya serivisi uburyo byihuta. Harimo n'abo usanga n'izo serivisi n'ubwo zihari ariko kugira ngo uzazigereho bisaba izindi mbaraga.'

'Buri mwaka twakira abanyamahanga barenga ibihumbi bitanu baza gushaka izo serivisi baturutse mu bice bitandukanye by'Isi. Hari abaturuka muri ibi bihugu turi mu karere kamwe, hari abaturuka muri bya bice usanga RwandAir igenda ijyamo, hari abaje mu nama akavuga ngo ubwo nari nje mu nama, hano serivisi ho ziraboneka reka mpite ngerageza.'

Imibare igaragaza ko abanyamahanga bageze mu Rwanda bashaka serivisi z'ubuvuzi mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024 bari 4004, barimo 3907 bo mu Karere ka Afurika y'Iburasirazuba.

Dr Rukundo ati 'Uje akivuza aha biramworohera guhita agenda agahita abwira bagenzi be.'

Yahamije ko hari ibihugu usanga umubyeyi kugira ngo abagwe bitwara arenga ibihumbi 5$ yanakoresheje ubwishingizi nyamara mu Rwanda bihendutse cyane.

Kugeza ubu u Rwanda rufite imashini nka X-Rays, Ultra Sound, MRI, CT Scan, Endoscopic Ultrasound', Multix Impact E, Ultrasound, Somatop go. Top, n'ibindi utapfaga kubona mu myaka ishize.

Ibyo bijyana kandi na politiki yo kuzana mu gihugu ibigo bikomeye bitanga amasomo ajyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rihambaye mu buvuzi.

Ubu binyuze muri Kaminuza y'u Rwanda, mu cyanya cy'inganda cya Kigali huzuye inyubako nshya igeretse gatanu, izakoreramo Ikigo Nyafurika cy'icyitegererezo mu gukora ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, CEBE.

Hari kandi IRCAD Africa iri kwigisha abaganga ibyo kuba uri i Kigali ukabaga uri i Texas muri Amerika, igikorwa kikagenda neza n'ibindi.

Ubuvuzi bw’u Rwanda bugenda butera imbere ku buryo n’abanyamahanag bayobotse inzira yo kuhivuziriza