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Mu mwaka wa 2024, Perezida Donald Trump yihanangirije Abanyamerika ko gutora Visi Perezida Kamala Harris bizateza ihungabana rikomeye ku isoko ry'imigabane.
'Icyo ushaka ni ukureba isoko rigwa ku buryo bukabije? Nitwatsindwa aya matora, ntekereza ko isoko rizahita risenyuka,' Trump yabibwiye imbaga y'abamushyigikiye mu gihugu cya Pennsylvania mu mpera z'ukwezi kwa cumi.
Mu byumweru byari byabanjirije icyo gihe, Trump yari yaratangaje yizeye ko 'natsindwa, bizateza ihungabana rikomeye ry'ubukungu, rimeze nk'iryo mu 1929.'

Trump yaje gutsinda amatora, ariko bisa n'aho yari afite ukuri ku by'ihungabana ryakurikiye.
Ibiciro by'imigabane byari biri hejuru ubwo Trump yinjiraga muri White House, ariko ubu biri hafi kugwa ku muvuduko utarabaho ku wundi muperezida uwo ari we wese mu mateka aheruka. Nibiramuka bifunze mu cyiciro cyitwa bear market — bivuze kugwa ku kigero cya 20% ugereranyije n'aho byari bigeze hejuru vuba aha — bizaba ari bwo bwa mbere mu mateka ya S&P 500 (itangira gukurikirana ibiciro kuva mu 1957) ubukungu bwinjiye muri iki cyiciro hakiri kare muri manda nshya ya perezida.

Ibyo bitwaro by'ubucuruzi (tariffs) Trump yashyizeho bishobora no guhindura ubukungu bwari buhagaze neza, bukinjira mu gihe cy'ihungabana.
Kuva ku munsi w'irahira rye, S&P 500 yari imaze kugwa ku gipimo cya 15% kugeza ku cyumweru nimugoroba. Ibyo ntibinabarirwamo igihombo kinini cyari cyitezwe kuri uwo wa mbere mu gitondo.

Perezida wenyine wagize igihombo cyihuse nk'icyo ni George W. Bush mu 2001. Uwakurikiyeho ni Carter mu ntangiriro za 1977, aho isoko ryari ryagabanutse munsi ya 6%, kugira ngo tubone urugero rw'uburemere bw'ibi biri kuba ubu.

Isoko ryahombye cyane nyuma y' 'Umunsi wo Kurekurwa' (Liberation Day) wa Trump, aho yatangaje ku buryo butunguranye ko agiye kongera imisoro ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa hanze ku kigero cyitarigeze kibaho. Kuva uwo munsi w'itangazo, bibarwa ko bibiri kuri bitatu by'igihombo cya 15% byatewe n'icyo cyemezo.

'Umunsi wo Kurekurwa wakurikiwe n'iminsi yo Kurimbuka ku isoko ry'imigabane,' Ed Yardeni wo muri Yardeni Research yandikiye abakiriya be ku cyumweru.
Ubukana bw'amasoko y'imigabane mu minsi ibiri ishize bwarenzwe gusa n'ihungabana ryo mu 1987, irya 2008 n'irya Covid-19 mu 2020.

Ariko si ugwa kw'isoko gusa bitangaje. Ibyabaye mbere yaho nabyo byatandukanye cyane.

Bush yinjiye ku butegetsi isoko ry'imigabane riri mu manuka, ryatewe no gusenyuka kw'ikirere cy'ubucuruzi bwifashishaga ikoranabuhanga (dot-com bubble), aho S&P 500 yagabanutse 10% mu 2000. Kub blame-a Bush byari bigoye.

Ariko Trump we yasimbuye ubutegetsi bwari buri mu bihe byiza. S&P 500 yari yarazamutse 23% mu 2024.
Kubwira ko Trump ari we ntandaro y'iri gabanuka ntabwo bigoranye, cyane ko byabaye cyane kuva ku 'Liberation Day.'

Tugomba kumenya ko kugabanuka kwa 15% mu S&P 500 bitaragera ku rugero rwemewe nk'isoko riri mu cyiciro cya bear market, kuko risaba kugabanuka 20% ugereranyije n'aho ryigeze hejuru. Ariko Nasdaq yo yarigeze kuri urwo rwego kuwa gatanu, bwa mbere kuva mu 2022. Russell 2000 nayo iri mu cyiciro cya bear market.

Hari ikibazo gikomeye: Ese ibyo biba ku isoko ry'imigabane bigira ingaruka ku bukungu muri rusange?
Igisubizo kiri hagati ya 'yego' na 'bishoboka cyane.'

Nubwo bamwe mu bayobozi ba Trump bavuga ko bagamije gufasha abaturage bo hasi (Main Street) nubwo byagira ingaruka ku bikorera banini (Wall Street), si ibintu byoroshye kubitandukanya.

Si nka kera mu myaka ya 1970 aho abaturage bari munsi ya 25% aribo bagiraga uruhare mu isoko ry'imigabane. Ubu hariho konti za IRA na 401(k) zituma benshi bagira imigabane. Mu 2024, abagera kuri 60% by'Abanyamerika bari bafite uruhare mu isoko, nk'uko ubushakashatsi bwa Gallup bubigaragaza.

Yardeni yagize ati: 'Wall Street ni Main Street. Izo nzira zombi zizamuka cyangwa zigwa hamwe… abaturage bafite imigabane myinshi mu bigo by'Abanyamerika biri guhura n'ihungabana rikomeye kubera ibyo Trump yise 'Tariffs 2.0.''

Ikindi, David Kotok, washinze Cumberland Advisors, yavuze ko izo misoro nshya zizatera nk'ihungabana rikomeye ry'ubushobozi bwo kubona ibicuruzwa, nk'iryo mu 1973-74 ubwo intambara ya Yom Kippur yazamuye igiciro cy'amavuta.
'Izo tariffs za Trump ni nk'umusoro munini cyane ushyizwe ku baturage nk'uko byamera kuri TVA,' Kotok yagize ati. 'Kugabanuka kw'ibicuruzwa bivuze kuzamuka kw'ibiciro no kugabanuka k'ubukungu — ibintu bikomerera cyane Banki Nkuru.'

Nta buryo bumwe bwemewe ku buryo bw'ihungabana ry'ubukungu, ariko ibimenyetso bihari ni byinshi: JPMorgan yazamuye amahirwe y'uko iryo hungabana rizaba ikigereranyo kigera kuri 60% (yavuye kuri 40%). Goldman Sachs yazamuye icyizere cyaryo iva kuri 20% igera kuri 45%. HSBC yo ivuga ko amahirwe ari 40%.

Turacyategereje niba National Bureau of Economic Research izatangaza iryo hungabana mbere y'uko uyu mwaka urangira. Bifashisha ibipimo byinshi mu kubyemeza.

Ikindi gisobanuro cy'ihungabana ni uko ubukungu buba bwaragabanutse mu bihembwe bibiri bikurikirana. Ubu hari ibimenyetso ko GDP nyakuri ishobora kugwa munsi ya zeru mu gihembwe cya mbere, cyangwa ikaguma hafi aho.

Igihe giheruka GDP igabanuka mu bihembwe bibiri bikurikiranye mu mwaka wa mbere w'ubutegetsi bushya, nyuma y'umwaka utarimo ihungabana? Byabaye mu 1953, ubwo Amerika yavaga mu ntambara yo muri Koreya.

Intambara Trump yakwifashisha mu bisobanuro by'ihungabana ry'ubukungu? Ni intambara y'ubucuruzi yatangije ubwe.

Ibi byose bishobora guteza umuzenguruko mubi. Nibiba ngombwa ko isoko ryemera ko ihungabana rije, imigabane izagwa kurushaho. Ikigo RBC Capital Markets kivuga ko igihombo gisanzwe cya S&P 500 mu gihe cy'ihungabana kigera kuri 27%.

Icyizere ni igikoresho cyoroshye kwangirika. Igwa ry'isoko ryimbitse rishobora gutera ubwoba abayobozi b'ibigo n'abaguzi. Gutakaza igice kinini cy'ubwizigame mu migabane no mu 401(k) ni ibintu bitazoroha kwirengagiza. Nibaramuka bahagaritse no gukoresha amafaranga, ubukungu bushobora kurushaho kugwa.

 

 

Source : https://kasukumedia.com/trump-yatangiye-manda-ye-nihungabana-rikomeye-ryisoko-ese-amerika-igiye-gusubira-mu-bihe-bya-1929/

Mu gihe u Rwanda rwibuka ku nshuro ya 31 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, Perezida Emmanuel Macron yongeye kugaragaza umuhate w'u Bufaransa mu kugeza imbere y'ubutabera abayigizemo uruhare.

Nubwo amagambo nk'aya yakirwa neza, kandi koko u Bufaransa buri mu bihugu bike byo mu burengerazuba bw'Isi bwigeze gukurikirana bamwe mu bayigizemo uruhare, cyane cyane mu myaka ishize, biracyasa n'amagambo adafite ishingiro igihe hakomeje kugaragara uburangare mu gufata bamwe mu bakekwaho Jenoside bakidegembya mu Bufaransa.

Hashize imyaka myinshi u Bufaransa bufatiwe nk'ubuhungiro bw'inkoramaraso zizwi cyane zagize uruhare mu itegurwa no gushyira mu bikorwa Jenoside, by'umwihariko abagize Akazu, itsinda rikomeye ryari rigizwe n'abantu bo mu muryango wa Habyarimana n'inshuti ze za hafi, bagize uruhare rukomeye mu itegurwa no gushyira mu bikorwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Muri bo harimo Agathe Kanziga, umugore wa Habyarimana wahoze ari Madamu wa Perezida, akaba n'umuyobozi udasubirwaho w'Akazu. Yari nk'umuhuza w'abagize iri tsinda ryari rigizwe n'abanyapolitiki bakomeye, abasirikare, abacuruzi n'abihaye Imana. Nubwo u Rwanda rwagiye rusaba kenshi ko yoherezwa cyangwa agacirwaho urubanza mu Bufaransa, Kanziga akiri mu gihugu nk'aho nta kibi yakoze.

Hari n'abandi nka Laurent Serubuga, wari umusirikare mukuru wagize uruhare rugaragara mu bwicanyi, nawe ugikomeje kwidegembya mu Bufaransa nta nkomyi.

Niba koko u Bufaransa bufite ubunyangamugayo mu bijyanye n'ubutabera no kwibuka, bugomba guhagarika uyu muco wo gukurikirana bamwe no kwirengagiza abandi. Ubutabera ntabwo bugira aho buhagararira, kandi nta muntu n'iyo yaba afite ububasha bungana iki ugomba guhishwa cyangwa kurindwa gukurikiranwa. Buri muntu wese ushinjwa Jenoside agomba gushyikirizwa ubutabera, nta vangura.

Byongeye kandi, u Bufaransa n'ibindi bihugu by'u Burayi bigomba guhagurukira byimazeyo abahakana Jenoside n'abayipfobya, bakoresha ubwisanzure bwabo mu mahanga bagamije gusibanganya ukuri no gupfobya imibabaro y'abayirokotse. Guhakana Jenoside ni ugukomeza Jenoside ubwayo, kandi u Burayi ntibugomba kuba isibaniro ry'abagamije gusibanganya amateka no gutesha agaciro abazize Jenoside.

Ubufatanye nyakuri n'abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi busaba ibirenze amagambo y'amarangamutima. Busaba ibikorwa bifatika. Busaba ubutwari. Busaba ko u Bufaransa bwuzuza ibyo bwiyemeje mu rwego rw'ubutabera, bukohereza cyangwa bugacira imanza bose bakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside bari ku butaka bwabwo.

U Rwanda n'Isi yose barareba. Ubutabera buvuyemo igihe si gusa ubutabera bwimye abantu ni ubutabera bwagambaniwe. Ikirenze byose, hashize imyaka 31, ntisigaye myinshi ngo abacyekwaho Jenoside bahabwe amahirwe yo kuburanishwa mu buryo bukwiye.

Ubutabera burakenewe kandi ni ubu.

 

Source : https://kasukumedia.com/u-bufaransa-bwararambiranye-harakenewe-ubutabera-buzira-ivangura-ku-banyabyaha-ba-jenoside/

Kuwa Mbere, tariki ya 7 Mata, Perezida Paul Kagame yatangaje ko abahagarariye igihugu kimwe kitatangajwe izina bagerageje gutera ubwoba Minisitiri w'Ubumwe bw'Abanyarwanda n'Ubwiyunge, Jean-Damascène Bizimana, bamubwira ko ashobora guhagarikirwa visa kubera amagambo yavuze agaragaza uruhare rw'ibihugu nka Bubiligi mu mateka y'ivangura ry'amoko mu Rwanda no mu byabaye intandaro ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Ibi Perezida Kagame yabivugiye mu muhango wo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 31 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, yibasiye abasaga miliyoni mu mezi atatu gusa. Uyu muhango wabereye ku Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali, aho hatwitswe Urumuri rw'Icyizere mu rwego rwo kuzirikana abazize Jenoside.

Perezida Kagame yavugaga nyuma y'uko Minisitiri Bizimana agaragaje amateka y'ivangura ryashingiwe ku mategeko ya gikoroni yashyizweho na Bubiligi, yatumye Abanyarwanda bacikamo ibice bikomeye byaje kugera kuri Jenoside. Bizimana asanzwe amenyereweho kugaragaza uburyo icyo gihugu cyakomeje guca inyuma u Rwanda mu rugendo rwacyo rwo kwiyubaka no kongera kwigira.

Ati:
'Ni ubutwari budafite ubwenge… Bagiye kuri Bizimana, ndetse n'ubutumwa bundi banyujije muri Minisiteri y'Ububanyi n'Amahanga, bavuga bati 'uyu muntu uri kuvuga ibi…' kandi ntabwo bavugaga ko ibyo avuga atari ukuri; ahubwo baramuhimiraga gusa kuko yabyemeye akabivuga, n'ubwo ari ukuri.'
'Bamubujije, bavuga ko ashobora kutazabona visa yo kujya mu bihugu bimwe… umuntu wo muri ambasade ahagarika Minisitiri wacu.'

Yakomeje agira ati:
'Bizimana yongeye kuvuga ku byo yavuze mbere, bigaruka kuri ba bantu nyine, maze bukeye bwaho abantu bo muri ambasade barongera baramugera amajanja.'

Perezida Kagame yavuze ko Abanyarwanda bagomba guhora bahangana n''amateka mabi' ndetse n'''ahantu habi' aho bagomba kwisobanura buri gihe kubera ko bahisemo inzira yabo yo kwiyubaka nyuma ya Jenoside.

Yamaganye imyitwarire irimo agasuzuguro agaragaza na bamwe mu badipolomate bo mu bihugu by'Iburengerazuba.
Ati:
'Nta n'icyo nabishinja, kuko kuva na kera bafite ayo mateka, abo muri ambasade babona ko baruta Minisitiri.'

Yongeraho ati:
'Uwo mudipolomate ntiyigeze abwira Bizimana ati 'ibyo wavuze si ukuri, cyangwa ni ibinyoma bihabanye n'ibimenyetso dufite.' Oya. Yaramubwiye gusa ati 'Nibyo cyangwa ibinyoma, ntibyakagombye kuvugwa.''

'Aho ni ho hantu habi turi kubamo ubu. Ariko tugomba guhangana n'ibi bihe, kandi tuzabikora, nta gushidikanya.'

Perezida Kagame yasoje yibutsa ko u Rwanda rwamaze kunyura mu bihe bibi kurusha ibindi byose, bityo nta kindi kibi cyarurusha ibyo rwanyuzemo kizongera kubaho.
Ati:
'Ibihe bibi cyane twarabinyuzemo. Nta kindi kibi kirenze ibyo cyazongera kubaho. Abanyarwanda ntibagomba kugira ubwoba bwo guharanira ubuzima bwabo no kurengera igihugu cyabo.'

Source : https://kasukumedia.com/perezida-kagame-yavuze-ko-igihugu-kimwe-cyagerageje-guhagarikira-visa-minisitiri-bizimana/

Ku wa 7 Mata, Komisiyo y'u Rwanda ishinzwe ibikorwa bya Dipolomasi muri Zambia yifatanyije n'Abanyarwanda n'inshuti z'u Rwanda mu kwizihiza ku nshuro ya 31 Kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Iki gikorwa cyabereye muri Zambia, igihugu giherereye mu majyepfo y'Afurika, cyitabiriwe n'abantu barenga 300 barimo Abanyarwanda baba muri Zambia, abayobozi b'igihugu cyakiriye, imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta, intumwa za za Ambasade n'inshuti z'u Rwanda.

Mu ijambo rye, Ambasaderi w'u Rwanda muri Zambia, Emmanuel Bugingo, yavuze ko Jenoside yahitanye abarenga miliyoni, ari umusaruro mubi w'ingengabitekerezo y'urwango n'amacakubiri yakwirakwijwe, yigishwa kandi igashyigikirwa na ba g colon mu gihe cy'ubukoloni.

Yagize ati: 'Amateka mabi ya Jenoside ni igihombo ku isi yose. Ariko ukwigira ku byo u Rwanda rwanyuzemo biratanga amasomo akomeye: imbaraga z'isanamitima ishingiye ku baturage, uburemere bwo gutabara hakiri kare, ndetse n'akamaro ko kudapfukirana ibimenyetso.'

Yongeyeho ko ibiri kubera mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), aho Abatutsi bahohoterwa n'amatsinda nka FDLR igendera ku ngengabitekerezo ya Jenoside, byibutsa byinshi byabaye mu 1994.

Yagize ati: 'Ibibera mu burasirazuba bwa Congo ni nk'ingaruka z'amateka mabi y'isi. Ubu turi kubona amatsinda yitwaje intwaro agaba ibitero ku bantu hashingiwe ku moko, amagambo y'urwango aharabika Banyamulenge nk'abanyamahanga, isi ikabihorera, ibintu bikaba bisa n'ibyabaye mu 1994.'

Mu myaka 31 ishize, Leta y'u Rwanda yakoze ibikorwa byinshi by'ingirakamaro mu rwego rwo kubungabunga no guha agaciro amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, haba ku rwego rw'igihugu ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Muri ibi bihe twibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ku nshuro ya 31, twifatanyije n'isi yose mu kwibuka inzirakarengane zisaga miliyoni zishwe hagati ya tariki ya 7 Mata kugeza ku ya 3 Nyakanga 1994, mu buryo bw'agashinyaguro n'urugomo rudasanzwe.

Ijambo 'Kwibuka,' risobanura 'kuzirikana' mu Kinyarwanda, ni isezerano ritagatifu ryo guha agaciro ababuze ubuzima, kugaragariza impuhwe abarokotse, no kwiyemeza ko bitazongera kubaho ukundi. Insanganyamatsiko y'uyu mwaka igira iti: 'Kwibuka. Guhuza. Gusigasira.' Igaragaza urugendo u Rwanda rwanyuzemo, ruvuye mu mwijima rugana ku rumuri rw'icyizere, rugaragaza kwibuka twese hamwe, ubumwe n'ubwiyunge, n'imbaraga zo kwiyubaka nk'igihugu.

Minisitiri ushinzwe Iterambere ry'Umuryango n'Imibereho Myiza muri Zambia, Doreen Mwamba, yagize ati:
'Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 itwigisha amasomo akomeye, nubwo abababaza.'
Yongeyeho ati: 'Itwibutsa ingaruka mbi z'ivangura, ibinyoma n'urwango rudahagaritswe hakiri kare. Bitwibutsa kandi uburemere bwo kutita ku bibera ahandi.'

Mwamba yagaragaje ko Zambia yifatanyije n'Abanyarwanda muri ibi bihe byo kwibuka.

Source : https://kasukumedia.com/umuryango-wabanyarwanda-uba-muri-zambia-wafatanyije-nis-kwibuka-31/

Umugabo ukekwaho kwica Chantal Muhongerwa, warokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 mu Karere ka Bugesera, yatawe muri yombi, nk'uko byatangajwe n'Ishami rya Polisi y'u Rwanda.

Muhongerwa wari ufite imyaka 47, yari umubyeyi w'abana bane. Yishwe mu ijoro ryo ku wa Gatanu, tariki ya 4 Mata, ubwo yari avuye mu rugo ajya iwe, nk'uko byemezwa n'abatanze ubuhamya. Umurambo we wabonywe mu gihuru n'umuturanyi wari wagiye guca ubwatsi mu gitondo cyo ku wa Gatandatu, muri Kabaha, mu Mudugudu wa Kanzenze, mu Murenge wa Ntarama.

'Itangazo rya Polisi y'Igihugu rivuga riti: 'Amakuru twarayakiriye, kandi twamaze gufata umuntu umwe ukekwaho kugira uruhare muri ubu bwicanyi. Uwo ukekwa afungiye kuri sitasiyo ya Polisi ya Nyamata mu gihe iperereza rikomeje.’'

Meya w'Akarere ka Bugesera, Richard Mutabazi, yabwiye itangazamakuru ati: 'Uwo muntu wafashwe bikekwa ko yaba yari yibasiye nyakwigendera agamije kumwambura amafaranga yari amaze gufata muri banki. Ayo ni amakuru y'ibanze, ariko iperereza riracyakomeje.'

Urupfu rw'uyu mubyeyi rwashenguye benshi, cyane ko rwabaye mu gihe u Rwanda rwiteguraga gutangira kwibuka ku nshuro ya 31 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Nk'uko bitangazwa n'Urwego rw'Igihugu rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha (RIB), abagenzacyaha bakiriye imanza 2,660 zijyanye n'ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside n'ibyaha bifitanye isano na yo, byagize abakekwaho kugira uruhare 3,563. Kugaba ibitero ku barokotse Jenoside bigize 50% by'izo manza, mu gihe izishingiye ku ngengabitekerezo ya Jenoside zigeze kuri 22%, hagati ya 2019 na 2023.

Source : https://kasukumedia.com/bugesera-ukekwaho-kwica-uwarokotse-jenoside-yatawe-muri-yombi/

Nibura abantu 33 bamaze kwemezwa ko bapfuye nyuma y'imvura nyinshi yateje imyuzure i Kinshasa, umurwa mukuru wa DR Congo, nk'uko byatangajwe n'inzego z'ubutegetsi mu gitondo cyo ku wa Mbere.

Minisitiri w'Intebe wungirije akaba na Minisitiri w'Ubutegetsi bw'Igihugu n'Umutekano, Jacquemain Shabani, yavuze ko iyo mvura yaguye cyane kuva mu ijoro ryo ku wa Gatanu rishyira ku wa Gatandatu, yangije bikomeye uturere twinshi tw'umujyi, isiga benshi bakomerekejwe ndetse inasenya amazu menshi.

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n'iyo ngaruka, guverinoma yashyizeho itsinda rishinzwe gucunga icyo kibazo ku bufatanye n'ingabo z'igihugu, minisiteri zitandukanye hamwe n'ubuyobozi bw'intara ya Kinshasa kugira ngo bafashe mu bikorwa by'ubutabazi no kwimura abari mu kaga.

Iyo myuzure yahagaritse ibikorwa byinshi by'ibanze mu mujyi, aho yibasiye imihanda minini, inateza ibura ry'amazi n'amashanyarazi ahantu henshi muri Kinshasa.

Minisiteri y'Ubwikorezi yatangaje ko imihanda ijya cyangwa iva ku kibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya N'djili yangiritse bikomeye, bituma hatangizwa ubwikorezi bwihariye bwo gutwara abantu bari bahatiritse.

Abahanga mu by'iteganyagihe baratangaza ko imvura nyinshi ikomeje kwitezwe mu minsi iri imbere, bikaba biteye impungenge z'indi myuzure ishobora kongera kwangiza byinshi muri uyu mujyi utuwe n'abantu miliyoni 17.

Igihe cy'imvura nyinshi muri DR Congo gikunze gutangira muri Ugushyingo kikageza muri Gicurasi.

 

Source : https://kasukumedia.com/imvura-nyinshi-yateje-imyuzure-i-kinshasa-abantu-33-bamaze-guhasiga-ubuzima/

Tariki ya 7 Mata 2025, Abanyarwanda n'inshuti zabo hirya no hino ku Isi batangiye Icyumweru cy'icyunamo n'iminsi 100 yo Kwibuka ku nshuro ya 31 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, aho abarenga miliyoni bishwe bazira uko baremwe. 

Mu butumwa Perezida Emmanuel Macron yageneye Abanyarwanda kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 7 Mata 2025, yongeye kwemeza ko u Bufaransa buzahora buharanira ukuri n'ubutabera. 

Yagize ati 'Nongera kwiyemeza gukomeza kubungabunga urwibutso rw'aya mateka mabi, cyane cyane mu gihe hari abagerageza kuyahakana cyangwa kuyagoreka. Amagambo y'abarokotse Jenoside aradusaba guhagurukira kurwanya urwango rwose.'

Perezida Macron yashimangiye ko u Bufaransa bufatanyije n'u Rwanda mu rugendo rwo Kwibuka no kwiyubaka, ndetse ko guhera mu 2019, tariki ya 7 Mata yashyizweho nk'umunsi wo Kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ku rwego rw'igihugu mu Bufaransa.

Yagaragaje kandi ko hari imanza zimaze kuburanishwa ku butaka bw'u Bufaransa, zikarangira ubutabera bukozwe, anemeza ko izindi zikomeje.

Avuga ati 'Nk'uko nabisezeranyije, ubutabera bukomeje inzira yabwo yo gukurikirana no guhana abakekwaho kugira uruhare muri Jenoside baba mu Bufaransa. Imyanzuro y'inkiko imwe n'imwe ikomeye yarafashwe kandi ubutabera bwarakoze. Ibi bikorwa byose bigaragaza umuhate udashira w'igihugu cyacu mu kurwanya kudahana no kwibagirwa amateka.'

Nyuma y'imyaka myinshi y'umubano utari wifashe neza, u Rwanda n'u Bufaransa byatangiye urugendo rushya rw'ubwiyunge mu myaka ya vuba, cyane cyane nyuma y'iperereza ryashyizwe ahagaragara muri Werurwe 2021, ryagaragaje ko u Bufaransa bwagize uruhare rukomeye mu kudahagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Raporo ya Duclert, yasabwe na Perezida Macron ubwe, yemeje ko u Bufaransa bwagize 'inshingano zikomeye kandi zibabaje', ariko buhakana kuba bwaragize uruhare rutaziguye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Iyi raporo yafunguye inzira y'ubufatanye bushya hagati y'ibihugu byombi, harimo no gutanga dosiye z'inkiko, ubufasha mu butabera mpuzamahanga, ndetse n'uruhare mu bikorwa byo kwibuka.

Kuva ubwo, ibihugu byombi byashyize imbaraga mu gusangira ukuri, gukorana mu bijyanye n'ubutabera, ndetse no gufasha urubyiruko rw'ibihugu byombi kumenya amateka y'ukuri kugira ngo Jenoside ntizasubire na rimwe.

Ubutumwa bwa Perezida Macron bugaragaza ko u Bufaransa butazigera buceceka imbere y'ukuri, kandi ko buzakomeza gukurikirana abakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Uru ni urwego rw'ingenzi mu kurwanya kudahana, gukomeza gusigasira amateka no guha icyubahiro abazize Jenoside.

Perezida Emmanuel Macron yagaragaje ko u Bufaransa bwiyemeje gukomeza kurwanya kudahana abakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi/ Aha yari yasuye Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruherereye ku Gisozi muri Werurwe 2021

Source : https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/154397/kwibuka31-perezida-macron-yijeje-gukomeza-gukurikirana-abakekwaho-jenoside-baba-mu-bufaran-154397.html

Ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yabaga, abicanyi ntibatinye no kugera mu nzu z'Imana,za kiliziya, insengero n'imisigiti, byanyoye amaraso y'Abatutsi bishwe urw'agashinyaguro.

Urugero rwa hafi ni zimwe muri kiliziya cyangwa insengero kuri ubu zahindutse inzibutso harimo na Kiliziya Gatolika ya Ntarama mu Karere ka Bugesera.

Aha ni hamwe mu hantu hiciwe Abatutsi benshi kandi bakicwa mu buryo budasanzwe kuko abicanyi bakoresheje ubugome ndengakamere burimo no kwica abana b'impinja babakubise ku gikuta cy'inzu.

Murangwayire Liliane ni umwe mu barokotse igitero simusiga cyahitanye abantu, cyagabwe kuri iyo kiliziya mu 1994 nubwo cyamusize yabaye igisenzegeri kikanahitana abo mu muryango we.

Uretse kurokora kuri iyo kiliziya ni umwe mu bazi neza uko Jenoside mu Karere ka Bugesera yakozwemo kuko urugendo rwe rwo kurokoka rwamunyujije muri byinshi, no mu duce dutandukanye.

Nubwo Jenoside yabaye afite imyaka 12, Murangwayire yarokokeye mu rufunzo rwo mu gishanga cyo mu Bugesera, kandi naho hiciwe Abatutsi batagira ingano ariko Imana ikinga akaboko kuri we.

Mu Kiganiro cyihariye na IGIHE, yasobanuye uko yarokotse, urugendo yanyuzemo n'uko yongeye kwiyubaka nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Yagaragaje ko nyuma y'ihanurwa ry'indege ya Perezida Habyarimana Juvenal, umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi wahise utangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa.

Ibitero byatangiye kujya guhiga Abatutsi ndetse ku wa 8 Mata 1994, abicanyi binjiye mu rugo rw'iwabo aho bishemo abana babiri kuri uwo munsi abandi bakwira imishwaro.

Ati 'Ntaho kwihisha twari dufite kuko twicwaga n'abaturanyi, abantu duturanye, abiganye na bakuru banjye kandi bari babazi, abo twasangiye, abo twataramanye, bari abantu babaga batuzi neza.'

Ku itariki ya 9 bahungiye mu ishyamba rya Kayumba riri muri ako karere ariko bakomeza kugenda bihishahisha aho baje kwerekeza ku musozi wa Karambi wariho urusengero rwa ADEPR.

Urwo rusengero barumazemo iminsi ibiri, ku munsi wa Gatatu haza kugabwa igitero cyahitanye abantu ariko bo babasha kurokoka, bajya kwihisha mu gishanga cyitwa Nyirarukobwa.

Icyo gishaka bakivuyemo berekeza muri Kiliziya ya Ntarama ari naho yaburiye benshi mu bo mu muryango we kuko ari ho biciye abavandimwe be n'ababyeyi be.

Ku wa 15 Mata 1994 ni umwe mu minsi Murangwayire atazibagirwa kuko yarokotse urupfu ariko abo mu muryango we bakicwa areba.

Ati 'Tariki 15 ni bwo kiliziya bayiteye, biciramo abantu mu buryo bw'agashinyaguro. Buriya ahantu henshi hagiye hicirwa Abatutsi ariko buri gace kagira umwihariko, agace ka hariya kazwiho ko hafatwaga abana bagakubita ku gikuta. Hari n'uko bafataga abantu bari mutuzu two hanze… bakabashyiramo matelas bakabatwikiramo. Bicishije intwaro zose zishoboka uhereye ku dufuni, amapiki, ubuhiri, imihoro, udusuka duto mbese intwaro zose zishoboka.'

Yavuze ko abicaga bari bahagarikiwe n'ingabo z'igihugu, zarebereraga interahamwe zicishaga intwaro gakondo, bishimangira ko wari umugambi wateguwe.

Ati 'Abari bashinzwe kurinda umutekano w'abaturage nibo bari bahagarikiye ubwicanyi. Ni ibintu bibabaje. Bishe abantu mu buryo bw'agashinyaguro kuko nanjye niho natemewe. Hari ubwo mvuga ngo baranyishe kuko buriya uwantemye na we azi ko yanyishe. Badutemaga nk'imitumba ni ko navuga.'

Yongeyeho ati 'Nagezweho, uwicaga aranyica ariko ku bw'amahirwe sinapfuye ni yo mpamvu ndi ahangaha. Bishe abantu nabi icyo gihe kuko harimo ibihumbi birenga bitanu.'

Nyuma yo gusigwa yatemwe ariko ntapfe, yaje kweguka ava mu mirambo ahantu hari amashuri y'aho bita ku cyugaro, ariko bakomeza kugabwaho ibitero.

Nubwo yanyuze mu bikomeye mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Murangwayire Liliane, yamaze kwiyubaka ndetse anezezwa no kwandika inkuru y’ubuhamya bwe

Ubuzima bwo mu rufunzo bwari ibindi…

Ku wa 19 Mata 1994, Murangwayire yavuye aho bari bihishe kuko bari bamaze kubagabaho igitero cyahitanye benshi, bahungira mu rufunzo.

Ati 'Cyari igishanga cy'igifunzo cyarimo amazi winjiramo, kuko hari n'abajyagamo bakarigita, bakaburiramo noneho njyewe nari mfite ibikomere. Nagezemo nyuma y'iminsi ine bantemye. Iyo Interahamwe zazaga zatemeraga hamwe n'urufunzo. Hari abantu benshi biciwe muri urwo rufunzo benshi.'

Yakomeje ati 'Nahabonye ikintu gikomeye kigaragaza uko Leta yateguye Jenoside, kuko bajyaga bataha ku mugoroba bakohereza kajugujugu ngo ize kugenzura abantu basigaye muri icyo gifunzo. Ushobora kwibaza ukuntu Leta ishora ubushobozi mu kwica abaturage bayo, njya mbyibuka nkumva ni ibintu bibabaje cyane.'

Muri urwo rufunzo uwagiraga amahirwe umunsi ukira akiri muzima, yasohokaga muri rwa rufunzo, bwacya akongera akarusubiramo.

Murangwayire yerekana ko hari umunsi yari agiye kwicirwa muri urwo rufunzo ariko Imana igakinga akaboko.

Ati 'Hari umunsi babonye ninjira nyeganyeza ibifunzo, mu gihe ngiye kuvuza induru imbere yanjye hari abahungu bamfashe umunwa banyinjiza mu mazi, kuko batekerezaga ko nshobora kubatanga. Utekereze icyo gifunzo kicirwagamo abantu buri munsi bari kuboreramo, ibaze uko ayo mazi yari amaze. Icyo gihe twakijijwe n'umugore wari ufite akana wagize ngo ni we babonye, avamo ageze i musozi bamwica twumva.

Yongeyeho ati 'Ntabwo njya ntekereza uburyo bwakoreshejwe, nk'ubu iyo mbyibutse njya nibaza uko ushobora kumara iminota ingahe mu mazi. Ariko kubera ubwoba ubundi wabaga wapfuye. Kuko banantema ntabwo nabyumvise. Iyo wumvaga ngo baje kukwica, umutima wahitaga ugenda ariko ibiba byose wabaga ubibona.'

Murangwayire yagaragaje ko mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi hari bamwe mu babyeyi batwaraga abana babo bato, bakabatoza kwica ibishobora kuba ari nayo ntandaro y'ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi igaragara mu bakiri bato uyu munsi.

Ati 'Icyo gihe njyewe narababonye. Abana b'imyaka icyenda, icumi, 12. Abo bana ntibigeze bahanwa kuko bari abana, barimo barakura ubu ni abagabo barakuze bafite n'abana. Ubu uwo mwana yabyaye ari guhabwa iki? Njya mbona ari nayo mpamvu tubona ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside mu bana bato. Ibyo ni ibitekerezo byanjye kuko uriya mwana yarakuze, akurana bya bintu yabonye.'

Ubuzima bwo mu Butaliyani bwari ingorabahizi

Nyuma yo kurokorwa n'Inkotanyi, Murangwayire Liliane wari umaze iminsi igera kuri 30 mu rufunzo yisanze mu bana bari barakomeretse kandi bari bakeneye ubuvuzi.

Inkotanyi zafashe abana bari bafite ibikomere kandi badafite kirengera zibahuriza hamwe mu Karere ka Bugesera mu cyahoze ari ikigo cy'umugabo w'umutaliyani witaga ku mpfubyi mbere ya Jenoside.

Ubwo bari muri icyo kigo, haje umugore w'umutaliyani witwa Maria Pia Fanfani, wajyanye abana bari bafite ibikomere bikomeye, abajyana mu Butaliyani bahabwa ubuvuzi.

Ati 'Baradutwaye batujyana mu Butaliyani, badushyira mu bitaro turavurwa, nyuma y'igihe gito tuza gutungurwa no gutwarwa n'umupadiri wa muzungukazi tutakimubona. Hagati yabo bombi byabaye bibi ubanza harimo inyungu z'umwe muri bo zatumye baturwanira.'

Nyuma yo kujya mu maboko y'uwo mupadiri bahise bakurwa aho bari i Roma, bajyanwa mu Majyaruguru y'u Butaliyani aho babaye mu buzima bubi cyane bwatumye benshi bifuza kugaruka mu Rwanda.

Ibyo byatumye abari bakuru bahita basaba gusubizwa mu Rwanda mu Ugushyingo 1994 bitewe n'uko bafatwaga nabi.

Ati 'Reba umuntu wageze i Burayi agasaba kugaruka mu Rwanda, urumva ko twari mu buzima butameze neza. Nawe ibaze umwana wavuye mu rufunzo, yageze i Burayi ariko arashaka gutaha hahantu atazi ko hari n'umuntu we wasigaye.'

Nubwo yagarutse nyuma y'imyaka ibiri, Murangwayire agaragza ko byari ibintu bitari byoroshye kuko byasabye na leta gushyiramo imbaraga.

Yagaragaje ko mu bo bajyanye, harimo abana bato, bahawe amazina yo mu Butaliyani ku buryo n'ubu bakiriyo kuko badashobora kumenya inkomoko yabo.

Muri Kanama 1996, Murangwayire yongeye kugera mu Rwanda, aho yarerewe mu muryango wo kwa benewabo ndetse hari na barumuna be babiri bari barabashije kurokoka.

Yabashije kwiga amashuri yisumbuye ndetse na Kaminuza kandi kuri ubu ni umubyeyi w'abana bane b'abahungu.

Murangwayire yahisemo kwandika igitabo kigaruka ku mateka ye, mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutumwa ku banyamahanga bakamenya amateka y'u Rwanda, guhangana n'abapfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ndetse no gufasha abatazi amateka y'u Rwanda.

Ati 'Iyo igitabo cyanditse ntaho kijya. Tugiriwe umugisha abantu bakandika ari benshi. Nkurikije abantu barokotse uko bangana, n'ubuhamya butangwa buri gihe, ntabwo ari kenshi tubona ibitabo banditse. Ntabwo byoroshye ariko abantu nibagerageze batinyuke kuko birashoboka. Nanjye narabishoboye kuko numvuga'

Murangwayire yemeza ko abatazi amateka ya Jenoside, barimo abo yabaye batari mu Rwanda, abari bato mu gihe yabaga n'abavutse nyuma yayo bakwiye kuyamenya kuko byabafasha kumenya aho igihugu cyavuye kandi bakagira uruhare mu kurwanya abashaka kongera kugisubiza mu bihe bibi.

Igitabo cye yacyise 'Surviving the Unthinkable: A Story of Hope and Resilience' yakimuritse ku mugaragaro kuri uyu wa 21 Werurwe 2025, gishobora kuboneka mu masomero atandukanye muri Kigali kandi ateganya kugishyira kuri Amazon ku buryo abari hanze y'u Rwanda babasha kukibona bitabagoye.

Nubwo yanyuze mu bikomeye mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Murangwayire Liliane, yamaze kwiyubaka ndetse anezezwa no kwandika inkuru y’ubuhamya bwe

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Source : http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/kwicwa-ntiyapfa-kurokokera-mu-rufunzo-n-ubuzima-bushaririye-bwo-mu-butaliyani

Yabigarutsemo ubwo Abanyarwanda n'inshuti z'u Rwanda bari bateraniye muri BK Arena ahabereye Umugoroba wo Kwibuka ku nshuro ya 31 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Dr. Gakwenzire yavuze ko muri ibi bihe hakiri ibibazo by'ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside ituruka ku basize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 bari muri FDLR, bagamije kurimbura Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda no gukomeza umugambi wabo batarangije wo kurimbura Abatutsi mu Rwanda.

Yavuze ko Umuryango IBUKA ushimira umurongo u Rwanda rwafashe muri iki kibazo n'uburyo rwashyizeho ingamba zitandukanye zo kurinda umutekano w'Abanyarwanda.

Dr. Gakwenzire yavuze ko ibihugu bishyigikiye FDLR bikwiriye kujyanwa mu nkiko.

Ati 'Birimo Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, u Burundi, n'u Bubiligi. Umuryango IBUKA ukabona ko ibyo bihugu bikwiriye kuregwa mu nkiko mpuzamahanga kuko iyi myitwarire idakwiriye kwihanganirwa.'

Mu mpera za 2024 hagaragaye abantu batatiye urugendo rw'ubumwe n'ubudaheranwa bica abari barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, asaba ko uzahamwa n'icyo cyaha agomba kubihanirwa uko bikwiriye bikabera isomo n'abandi.

Dr. Gakwenzire yavuze ko nubwo u Rwanda rwakoze uko bishoboka mu kwita ku barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ariko bagihura n'ibindi bibazo cyane cyane iby'imiturire.

Muri miliyari zirenga 1522 Frw zo guteza imbere imibereho myiza y'abaturage zagenwe mu ngengo y'imari ya 2024/2025, izigera kuri miliyari zirenga 4,8 Frw zagenewe imirimo yo kubakira abatishoboye barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, no kubaka/kwangura inzibutso za Jenoside.

Muri izo miliyari 4,8 Frw, izirenga 3,8 Frw ni zo zagenewe umushinga wo kubakira abatishoboye barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994.

Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC) kigaragaza ko abantu bagira ihungabana mu cyumweru cyo kwibuka abishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, bavuye ku barenga 4000 mu 2011, bagera kuri 2000.

Dr Gakwenzire yagaragaje ko muri ibi bihe hakigaragara indwara zo mu mutwe zikomereye Abarokotse Jenoside n'ababakomokaho, ashimira ingamba zashyizweho mu kuzirwanya ariko agasaba ko zakongerwa imbaraga.

Perezida wa IBUKA, Dr. Gakwenzire Philbert yasabye ko u Bubiligi, u Burundi na RDC byajyanwa mu nkiko ku bwo gushyigikira ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside mu Karere

Perezida w'Umuryango uharanira inyungu z'Abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, IBUKA, Dr. Gakwenzire Philbert, yashimiye Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ku bwo kwita ku barokotse Jenoside

Umugoroba wo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 31 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi wabereye muri BK Arena, witabiriye n’Abanyarwanda n’inshuti z’u Rwanda zitandukanye

Umugoroba wo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 31 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi wabereye muri BK Arena

Umwanditsi w'Ibitabo Murangwayire Liliane ni umwe mu barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi nyuma y'uko atemewe kuri Kiliziya ya Ntarama yo mu Karere ka Bugesera

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Source : http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ibuka-yasabye-ko-rdc-u-burundi-n-u-bubiligi-bigomba-kujyanwa-mu-nkiko

Uru rugendo rwasorejwe kuri BK Arena ahabereye Umugoroba wo Kwibuka, cyane ko yanifatanyije n'abawitabiriye, abacanira urumuri rw'icyizere.

Uru rugendo rwatangiriye ku Biro by'Akarere ka Gasabo rwitabiriwe n'urubyiruko mu ngeri zitandukanye, abahanzi, abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga, abanyamakuru, abakinnyi b'umupira w'amaguru, abakinnyi ba filimi, abayobozi batandukanye n'abandi.

Uru urugendo umwaka ushize rwagombaga kuba ariko ruza gusubikwa kubera imvura mu gihe imyaka ine yari yabanje rutakozwe kubera icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyari cyugarije Isi.

Tariki ya 7 Mata ni Umunsi Mpuzamahanga Ngarukamwaka Isi yose yibukaho Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Ibarura ryakozwe na Minisiteri y'Ubutegetsi bw'Igihugu mu 2000 rikamara imyaka ibiri (2000-2002), ryagaraje ko Abatutsi 1.074.017 bishwe mu gihe cy'iminsi ijana kuva ku itariki ya 7 Mata kugera muri Nyakanga 1994. Iyo raporo yatangajwe mu 2004 igaragaza aho abishwe bari batuye, imyaka bari bafite, amazina yabo ndetse bamwe muri bo bizwi neza uburyo bishwemo.

Perezida Kagame ari kumwe n’urubyiruko rwitabiriye uru rugendo

Urubyiruko rwari rwitabiriye uyu mugoroba wari umaze imyaka itanu rutaba

Uru rugendo rwitabiriwe n’abantu benshi

Abiganjemo urubyiruko bari bitabiriye urugendo rwo kwibuka

Abitabiriye Urugendo rwo Kwibuka bakoresheje umuhanda uva ku Karere ka Gasabo, ugana kuri BK Arena

Perezida Kagame yaganiraga na Minisitiri Dr. Bizimana Jean Damascene

Umugoroba wo kwibuka witabiriwe n’abantu batandukanye

Ubwo Perezida Kagame yacanaga urumuri rw’icyizere muri BK Arena

Perezida Kagame yacaniye urumuri rw’icyizere abitabiriye umugoroba wo kwibuka

Amafoto: Herve Kwizera

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Source : http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/perezida-kagame-yitabiriye-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-rwari-rumaze-imyaka-itanu