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Mu rusange, umusaruro mbumbe w’u Rwanda mu gaciro warazamutse, uva kuri miliyari 9 315 Frw mu mwaka wa 2019 ugera kuri miliyari 9 746 Frw mu mwaka wa 2020, ni ukuvuga izamuka rya 4.6% ushingiye ku giciro kiri ku masoko kuri uyu munsi.

Impamvu umusaruro mbumbe wiyongereye ushingiye ku biciro biri ku masoko uyu munsi, ni uko ibyo biciro mu buryo bw’ifaranga byataye agaciro ugereranyije n’uko ibiciro ku masoko byari byifashe mu mwaka wa 2019, 2018 ndetse na 2017 ubwo hashyirwagaho igipimo fatizo kigenderwaho mu kubara umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu.

Iki gipimo (cyangwa igiciro) gishyirwaho nyuma ya buri myaka itatu, agaciro k’ifaranga buri mu mwaka kakavunjwa mu gaciro ifaranga ryari rifite mu mwaka fatizo (kuri ubu ni 2017), noneho bakabara umusaruro mbumbe bagashingiyeho.

Bivuze ko kuba umusaruro mbumbe wariyongereye muri uyu mwaka hagendewe ku biciro biri ku masoko uyu munsi, bidasobanuye ko umusaruro muri rusange wiyongereye mu gihugu, ahubwo bivuze ko wenda ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ryataye agaciro cyane ugereranyije n’agaciro ryari rifite mu mwaka fatizo wa 2017.

Hashingiwe rero ku gipimo fatizo cyo mu mwaka wa 2017, ari na cyo gipimo kigenderwaho mu gupima umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu, dusanga uyu musaruro mbumbe mu mwaka wa 2020 waragabanutse ku kigero cya 3.4%, uva kuri miliyari 9 315 Frw mu mwaka wa 2019, ugera kuri miliyari 8 838 Frw mu mwaka wa 2020. Iri gabanuka ryatewe n’igabanuka ry’umusaruro w’inzego zigize igice kinini cy’umusaruro mbumbe w’u Rwanda.

Nk’umusaruro w’urwego rw’ubuhinzi wazamutseho 1%, ariko ibi bigira ingaruka ku igabanuka ry’umusaruro mbumbe muri rusange ku kigero cya 0.2%. Umusaruro w’urwego rw’inganda nawo wagabanutseho 4%, bituma umusaruro mbumbe ugabanukaho 0.8%.

Umusaruro w’urwego rwa serivisi nawo waragabanutse ku kigero cya 6%, bigira ingaruka ku musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu kuko wagabanutseho 2.6% mu mwaka ushize.

Iri gabanuka ry’umusaruro mbumbe muri rusange ryatewe ahanini n’ingaruka z’icyorezo cya Covid-19, cyatumye Leta ifata ingamba zirimo izo gufunga ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi ndetse no guhagarika serivisi zitari zimwe na zimwe.

Ibi byatumye mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’umwaka ushize, umusaruro mbumbe ugabanuka ku kigero cya 12.4%, ndetse ugabanuka ku kigero cya 3.6% mu gihembwe cyakurikiyeho, unagabanuka ku kigero cya 0.6% mu gihembwe cya kane. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’umwaka ushize, mbere y’uko Covid-19 igera mu Rwanda, ni bwo uyu musaruro wari wazamutse ku kigero cya 3.7%.

Nk’uko bisanzwe, urwego rwa serivisi rwari ruyoboye, kuko rugize 46% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’u Rwanda mu mwaka ushize, n’ubwo uru rwego ruri mu zazahajwe cyane n’icyorezo cya Covid-19.

Uru rwego rwakurikiwe n’urw’ubuhinzi rwagize uruhare rungana na 26% ku musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu, mu gihe urwego rw’inganda rwagize umusaruro ungana na 19%.

Mu rwego rwa serivisi, ibikorwa bya hoteli na restaurants byaradindiye cyane, kuko umusaruro wabyo wagabanutse ku kigero cya 40%, rukurikirwa n’urwego rw’uburezi rwagabanutse ku kigero cya 38% mu gihe urwego rw’ubwikorezi rwagabanutse ku kigero cya 24%.

Ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi na byo byarazahaye, kuko umusaruro wabyo wagabanutse ku kigero cya 3%, mu gihe umusaruro w’ibikorwa by’ubwubatsi wagabanutse ku kigero cya 6%, nyuma y’uko uru rwego rwari rwazamutse ku kigero gishimishije cya 33% mu mwaka wa 2019.

Ibikorwa byageze ku musaruro ushimishije mu mwaka wa 2020 ni ibijyanye n’itumanaho n’ihererekanyamakuru, byazamuye umusaruro wabyo ku kigero cya 29%, kimwe n’urwego rw’ubuzima rwazamutse ku kigero cya 19% ahanini bitewe n’ingamba zo kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19.

Umusaruro mbumbe w’u Rwanda waragabanutse mu mwaka ushize

Abaryoshya inkuru bavuga ko urwo rushyi rwakubiswe Mbonyumutwa wari Umuyoboke w’Imena w’Ishyaka MDR Parmehutu ryaharaniraga ishyirwaho rya Repubulika isimbuye Ingoma ya Cyami, yarukubitiwe mu Kibaya cya Bukomero rukumvikana mu Ndiza yose.

Inkuru zimwe zivuga ko ubwo Mbonyumutwa yakubitwaga uru rushyi, yari avuye mu Misa kuri Paruwasi Gatolika ya Byimana, izindi zikavuga ko yari avuye mu rugo rwe rwari i Mwendo ndetse hakaba n’izivuga ko yari avuye mu Nama y’Abarwanashyaka ba MDR.

Mu gushaka gucukumbura no kumara amatsiko abantu benshi, Abanyamakuru ba IGIHE bakoreye uruzinduko muri aka gace, baganira n’umusaza witwa Mugabo Pio uvuka mu yahoze ari Segiteri Kamusenyi, Komine ya Mukingi, Perefegitura ya Gitarama [ubu ni Umurenge wa Byimana, Akarere ka Ruhango].

Mugabo avuga ko abasore batangiriye mu nzira Mbonyumutwa avuye mu nama y’abarwanashyaka ba MDR, yari yabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Byimana. Ibintu benshi bahuza no kuba yari avuye mu misa.

Avuga ko iyi nama yari yitabiriwe n’abarwanashyaka ba MDR, barimo abitwaga Shumbusho, Mivumbi, Utumabahutu n’abandi benshi.

Ati “Inama yari yabereye iyo ngiyo, ubwo rero agarutse ageze aha ni bwo iyo nkinamico bavuga ngo insoresore z’Abatutsi bamukubise urushyi. Mbonyumutwa yari avuye hariya mu nama ariko bamwe babeshya ko yari avuye mu rugo rwe inyuma hariya i Mwendo. Oya bari bavuye mu nama, mu Byimana hariya kuri paruwasi.”

Ubusanzwe aho Mbonyumutwa yakubitiwe ni ahantu hari iteme [ikiraro] rito riri munsi gato y’Ishuri Ryisumbuye rya Bukomero [icyo gihe ryari ishuri ribanza], ari naho Mbonyumutwa bivugwa ko yahuriye n’abo basore barimo uwitwa Cyril, umuhungu wa Charles [Karoli], wayoboraga i Mpanda n’abandi.

  Urwitwazo rw’urushyi rwakubiswe Mbonyumutwa, byari ikinamico!

Mu myaka ya 1963, u Rwanda rwari mu bihe by’umwuka mubi wa politiki, aho Ababiligi bifashishije amashyaka y’Abahutu bashakaga gukuraho umwami bagashyiraho Repubulika. Hari Abanyarwanda benshi batumvaga impamvu ya Repubulika n’uburyo bagiye kwibagirwa ingoma ya cyami bari bamaranye imyaka myinshi.

Amashyaka ya Politiki ni yo yari abishyushyemo cyane ku isonga hari MDR Parmehutu yashakaga Repubulika na UNAR yashakaga Ubwami. Mbonyumutwa Dominique yabarizwaga mu Ishyaka rya MDR-Parmehutu.

Mugabo avuga ko urushyi rwakubiswe Mbonyumutwa, bikitwa ko ari insoresore z’Abatutsi zamukubise, rutari rukwiye kugirwa urwitwazo rwo gutangira kwica Abatutsi bo hirya no hino mu gihugu, ahubwo ari umugambi wari warateguwe ndetse bikekwa ko n’inama yari avuyemo uwo munsi yigirwagamo uburyo bwo kuwushyira mu bikorwa.

Ati “Ni ikinamico kuko na we ubyumvise, nta kuntu umuntu yakubita undi urushyi hano, muri kiriya gihe cyo mu 1960, kugira ngo i Kanyanza, i Nyabikenke babyumve batangire kwica Abatutsi baho. Icyo gihe ko nta telefoni yabagaho, nta tumanaho ryabagaho, ntabwo aribyo barabeshyaga kuko ni nk’ikinamico yakinwe.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Umuntu yakubitirwa urushyi hano uri hariya hakurya we akabyumva? Nonese mu gihugu hose byamenyekanye bite? Ni ibintu bari barateguye, barabeshyaga, ni ukuyobya uburari, burya hari ubwo abantu bakorwa n’isoni bakabeshya.”

Nyuma y’uko bivuzwe ko Mbonyumutwa akubiswe urushyi kuri icyo gicamunsi, Abatutsi bari batuye hirya no hino mu gihugu by’umwihariko mu gace ko ku Ndiza nka za Mwendo, n’ahandi batangiye kwicwa, barasenyerwa abandi barameneshwa.

Ati “Aho za Saruhanga hatangira gushya, i Mwendo ku Gatwa [aho Mbonyumutwa atuye] hatangira gushya, urumva i Kanyanza ho byari byatangiye kare, urumva ko u Rwanda rwose rwari rwatangiye.”

Ku rundi ruhande ariko, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo kurwanya Jenoside, CNLG, Dr Bizimana Jean Damascène, aherutse kubwira IGIHE ko aba basore bavuzweho gukubita Mbonyumutwa bakurikiranywe ndetse bahabwa ibihano.

Muri Mutarama 1961 ni bwo Mbonyumutwa yatorewe kuba Perezida, nyuma y’icyiswe ‘Coup d’Etat y’i Gitarama’ ubwo MDR Parmehutu yatangazaga ko ubwami buvuyeho u Rwanda ruhindutse Repubulika.

Mbonyumutwa yabaye Perezida w’u Rwanda kuva ku wa 28 Mutarama 1961 kugeza ku wa 26 Ukwakira 1961.

Mu 1965 yabaye umudepite aza gusuzugura MDR Parmehutu ubwo yari umudepite (ata umurongo) birangira ahejwe muri politiki. Yapfuye tariki 26 Nyakanga 1986, aguye mu Bitaro bya Ghent mu Bubiligi.

Mugabo Pio uvuka mu yahoze ari Segiteri Kamusenyi, Komine ya Mukingi asobanura uko Mbonyumutwa yakubiswe urushyi bikitiriwa insoresore z’Abatutsi

Igishanga cya Bukomero bivugwa ko ari cyo Mbonyumutwa yakubitiwemo

Mugabo Pie, aha yatungaga urutoki hahoze iteme ari naryo Mbonyumutwa yari arimo kwambuka ubwo yatangirwaga n’abasore bakamukubita

Video: Kazungu Armand

Bemeza ko uburaya n’icuruzwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge byiganjemo urumogi, byari byaracitse muri aka gace bitewe na Camera zari zarashyizwe ahakunze guhagarara abakoraga ibi bikorwa bitemewe n’amategeko.

Mu baganiriye na IGIHE barimo n’abanyerondo, bavuga ko batiyumvisha impamvu ubuyobozi budakoresha izi Camera kandi hashize igihe bugejejweho iki kibazo.

Umwe mu banyerondo yagize ati “ No ku Murenge twarabihagejeje ko Camera zapfuye banga kuzikoresha, hari n’ushinzwe kugenzura amashusho zafataga waje kwanga gukomeza kujya ahirirwa ntacyo akora kubera ko zapfuye kuko ntacyo yabonaga yirirwaga akora ariko ntibabyumva.”

Uwitwa Mutuyimana Omar na we yavuze ko abakora uburaya n’abacuruza urumogi biyongereye nyuma y’aho izi Camera zimaze igihe zidakora.

Ati “ Mbere bakihashyira Camera indaya zose zahise zihunga, abacuruzaga urumogi ku muhanda barahava ariko ubu barongeye baragaruka kandi nta kindi n’uko nabo bazi neza ko zitagikora.”

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Rwezamenyo, Nirera Marie Rose, yavuze ko mu gihe cya vuba camera zizongera gukora.

Ati “ Camera zirahari, ni akantu gato ko mu buryo ikora kapfuye ariko twaganiriye n’umutekinisiye azaza kugatunganya. Duteganya ko zizatangira gukora hano vuba. Erega uretse ko Camera hari ibyo igaragaza buriya hariya ikintu cya mbere gikorwa ni irondo ku bufatanye n’abaturage, ndumva ari bo bakora cyane naho umujura ntiyakurwaho burya na Camera.”

Yongeyeho ko bashyizeho amatsinda arwanya abajura n’abacuruza ibiyobyabyenge ndese n’akurikirana ibikorwa by’abakora uburaya n’abasinzi mu kwirinda ko byateza umutekano muke.

Camera zari zarashyizwe ahahagaragara indaya n’abacuruza ibiyobyabwenge bituma bahacika

I Matimba hagishyirwa camera abaturage bavuga ko umutekano wari wose

Ku wa 30 Ukuboza 2020 ni bwo Leta yatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa icyemezo cyo kwiyandikishaho ubutaka butandikishijwe na benebwo.

Mu kiganiro abasenateri bagize Komisiyo y’Iterambere ry’Ubukungu n’Imari muri Sena y’u Rwanda bagiranye n’abayobozi b’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’Ubutaka ku wa 17 Werurwe 2021 bagaragaje ko batewe impungenge n’iki cyemezo ahanini bashingiye ku byo bagaragarijwe n’abaturage.

Iki kiganiro cyabaye hifashishijwe uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga cyari kigamije kumenya impamvu ubu butaka bwanditswe by’agateganyo kuri Leta, imikoreshereze yabwo, imikoresherezwe y’umutungo uburiho nk’inzu, amashyamba n’icyo nyirabwo asabwa kugira ngo azabusubizwe igihe azaboneka.

Ku bijyanye n’impamvu Leta yafashe icyemezo cyo kubwiyandikishaho, Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’Ubutaka, Mukamana Espérance, yabwiye aba basenateri ko biteganywa n’itegeko.

Ati “Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda iha ububasha bw’ikirenga bwo gucunga ubutaka bwose buherereye mu mbibi z’umupaka w’Igihugu akaba ariyo mpamvu itarebera ubutaka bukomeje kuba aho butanditse”

Yanabwiye abasenateri ko ingingo ya 20 y’Itegeko rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda iha inshingano buri wese kwandikisha ubutaka aho ivuga ko ’kwandikisha ubutaka ku muntu wese ubutunze ari itegeko’.

Mukamana yavuze ko Itegeko rigenga ubutaka rishyira mu mutungo bwite wa Leta ubutaka butagira umuntu n’umwe ubufiteho uburenganzira bwihariye, yemeza ko ubutandikishijwe na bwo bwafatwa nk’aho butagira ubufiteho uburenganzira kugeza igihe ubukoresha azabwandikisha.

Abasenateri bagaragaje impungenge z’uko iki cyemezo kidashingiye ku Itegeko cyangwa ibwiriza kandi kigira ingaruka ku baturage ndetse banemeza ko Itegeko Nshinga rivuga ko umutungo w’umuntu ari ntavogerwa, basaba ko hakorwa ubukangurambaga abaturage bakandikisha ubutaka aho kubwandika kuri Leta.

Umuyobozi wa Komisiyo y’Iterambere ry’Ubukungu n’Imari muri Sena y’u Rwanda, Nkusi Juvénal, yabwiye IGIHE ko izi mpungenge baragaraje ahanini zaturutse ku bibazo bagaragarijwe n’abaturage.

Ati “Impungenge dufite zishingiye ku kuba hari abaturage bamwe bafite impungenge cyane cyane bafite n’ubutaka butarandikwa.”

Yakomeje avuga ko zimwe mu mpamvu zigaragazwa na Leta nk’izituma abaturage batandikisha ubutaka zirimo kunyereza umusoro, guhisha umutungo no kutagira ibyangombwa ubwazo ari ikibazo cyagakwiye gushakirwa igisubizo aho gufatira ubutaka.

Ati “Baratubwira [Leta] ko impamvu batandikisha harimo ikibazo cyo gukwepa imisoro, urumva ikibazo cyo gukwepa imisoro byaba ari uguhishira abantu kandi bagomba gutanga umusoro, abantu bagombye kucyitaho kugira ngo abantu batange umusoro.”

“Kuba abantu badafite ibibaranga bivuze ko mu Rwanda hari abantu badafite ibibaranga ku buryo byatuma batandikisha ubutaka bwabo. Ikindi guhisha umutungo w’abantu, ese hari abantu bashaka guhisha umutungo wabo, niba bahari nitubashakishe kuko ibikorwa barimo ntabwo ari bizima.”

Nkusi yavuze ko icy’ingenzi ari ukumenya impamvu abantu batandikishije ubutaka bwabo kugeza aho Leta ifata icyemezo cyo kubwiyandikishaho.

Ati “Kuvuga ngo Leta ibwiyanditseho by’agateganyo, iyo bavuze agateganyo ni ukuvuga ko kagira igihe karangirira. Ese bisobanuye iki? Kuko agateganyo kagomba gusobanuka, yego nubwo bavuga ngo abazabona ibyangombwa bazaza bamwandikire nta kibazo, ariko igikomeye ni ukumenya impamvu abantu batandikishije.”

Nkusi yakomeje avuga ko umutungo w’umuntu ari ntavogerwa, asaba ko habaho uburyo bwo kubakangurira kubwandikisha aho kugira ngo Leta ibwiyandikisheho.

Ati “Ese nta zindi mbaraga zakoreshwa kugira ngo hatahurwe ibyo bibazo bya nyuma birimo bituma imicungire y’ubutaka idakorwa neza kugira ngo tuvuge ngo tubwiyandikishijeho, kugira ngo abantu tubyumve neza tubikemure.”

“Kuko birajyana n’uko umutungo w’umuntu ari ntavogerwa kuko nubwo abo bantu bahari (abantu batandikisha ubutaka) umutungo ni uwabo kandi itegeko ribemerera ko uko wawubonye kose, ukurikije umuco, waba warabuguze buguma ari ubwawe ahasigaye kubwandika bikaba ari ukugira ngo babyemeze.”

Kuri izi mpungenge zagaragajwe na Komisiyo y’Iterambere ry’Ubukungu n’Imari muri Sena, Umuyobozi w’Ikigo Gishinzwe Imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’Ubutaka mu Rwanda, Mukamana Espérance, yagaragaje ko zitakagombye kubaho kuko ubutaka butambuwe ba nyirabwo kandi ko bazakomeza kubukoresha.

Mukamana yemeye inama yagiriwe na Komisiyo zirimo kongera imbaraga mu bukangurambaga no gushaka ubushobozi bwatuma habaho igikorwa rusange cyo kwandika kuri ba nyirabwo ubutaka bwose butanditse aho gutegereza ko haza umwe umwe.

Ibi biganiro hagati ya Sena n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’Ubutaka bizakomeza kugira ngo iyi gahunda irusheho gusobanuka kandi hirindwe ko yagira ikibazo iteza.

Kugeza ubu ubutaka Leta yamaze kwiyandikishaho kuva iki cyemezo cyatangira ku wa 30 Ukuboza 2020 bugera ku bibanza 1.499.845 gusa bikaba ari iby’agateganyo ku buryo ba nyirabwo babonetse babwiyandikishaho.

Abasenateri bagize Komisiyo y’Iterambere ry’Ubukungu n’Imari muri Sena y’u Rwanda bagaragaje impungenge ku cyemezo cya Leta cyo kwiyandikishaho ubutaka butandikishijwe na ba nyirabwo