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Iyi nkuru iciye ibintu nyuma y’iminsi mike bivuzwe ko Amerika yumvirije Angela Merkel uyobora u Budage mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri uhereye mu 2012 kugera mu 2014. Byatumye mu mpera za Gicurasi 2021, we na Perezida w’u Bufaransa, Emmanuel Macron, basaba Guverinoma ya Biden ibisobanuro ku bw’ibyo bikorwa.

Byaje hashize igihe havugwa uburyo ubutasi bwa Amerika bwajagajaze telefoni z’abakuru b’ibihugu bo mu mpande zitandukanye z’Isi mu myaka myinshi ishize.

Ubutasi n’ibikorwa byose byerekeranye na bwo ni byo tugiye kugarukaho muri iyi nkuru mu buryo bwimbitse, guhera ku byo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu Burayi, kugeza n’ino aha iwacu mu Rwanda.

Ubutasi bwabayeho kuva kera nubwo byatangiye gukaza umurego cyane mu kinyejana cya kane ariko iyo usubije amaso inyuma usanga na mbere y’ivuka rya Yesu, ubutasi bwarakorwaga.

Ufunguye Bibiliya mu gitabo cya Yosuwa 2:1-24 hari aho igira iti “Yosuwa mwene Nuni yohereza abagabo babiri rwihishwa ngo bajye gutata. Arababwira ati ‘Nimugende mwitegereze igihugu, cyane cyane i Yeriko.” N’uko baragenda binjira mu nzu ya maraya witwaga Rahabu bararamo.’

Magingo aya, uko Isi iteye birasa n’aho hari bamwe bemerewe gukora ubutasi n’abandi batabwemerewe. Washington Post yatangaje inkuru ndende ivuga ku ikoranabuhanga ryo muri Israel ryifashishwa na za leta mu bikorwa by’ubutasi, inavuga ko hari nimero ibihumbi 50 z’abantu barimo n’abo mu Rwanda za leta zabo ziba zishobora kumviriza.

Si ubwa mbere ibintu nk’ibi bivuzwe kuko no mu 2019 mu mpera byaravuzwe. Icyo gihe Sosiyete yo muri Israel ikora ’software’ yitwa Pegasus yavuzweho ko ishobora kwinjizwa muri telefoni z’abantu batabizi igaha amakuru ubutasi.​ ​Byavuzwe ko u Rwanda ari kimwe mu bihugu byayiyobotse, gusa rwaje kubyamagana.

Bene izi mvugo ni iturufu ikomeye ibihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byiyemeje kwifashisha mu guhonda ibindi cyane ibikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere ndetse n’ibindi ifata nk’abakeba birimo u Bushinwa, u Burusiya n’ibindi, ku buryo hari abareba macuri bakibwira ko yo ari shyashya nta nenge.

Urebye nko mu myaka 20, umubare w’abantu bamaze guhitanwa n’intambara Amerika yashoje ku Isi ntugira ingano, gusa bimeze nk’ibibitse mu kabati kuko bitavugwa. Abakorerwa iyicarubozo muri gereza zayo nka Guantanamo na bo ni uko.

Byonyine ku ngoma ya Barack Obama, mu mwaka we wa nyuma wa 2016, Leta yari ayoboye yamishe ibisasu binini 26,000 ku bihugu birindwi. Aha turi kuvuga igihe kingana n’umwaka umwe gusa, utongeyeho abaturage b’inzirakarengane byahitanye ndetse n’ibyangijwe. Gusa amakuru nk’aya n’asa na yo ntabwo uyumva avugwa, agirwa ubwiru.

Iyo bigeze ku butasi ho biba ibindi bindi. Amerika ifite urwego rumwe rw’ubutasi, NSA (National Security Agency) rubumbatiye izindi 16 zikora ubutasi uhereye mu rukora ubutasi mu bya gisirikare, mu gucukumbura ibyaha, mu bukungu, mu ikoranabuhanga n’ibindi.

Ubwo butasi bwakozwe hirya no hino kugeza no mu Rwanda, ndetse inshuro nyinshi abagiye bashyira amabanga yabwo hanze barabizize. Urugero ni nka Chelsea Manning wahoze mu gisirikare cya Amerika washinjwe guha amabanga y’ubutasi Wikileaks.

N’ubu Amerika iracyahigisha uruhindu Edward Snowden washyize hanze amabanga ya NSA nubwo u Burusiya bwamuhaye ubuhungiro cyo kimwe na Julian Assange washinze WikiLeaks uba muri Gereza mu Bwongereza, aho mu gihe yaba yoherejwe muri Amerika, uyu mugabo w’imyaka 50 afite ibyago byo kuba yakatirwa igifungo cy’imyaka 175 yose.

Wikileaks yashinze ni yo yashyize hanze amabanga y’ubutasi arimo n’ubwo leta ya Amerika ikora ku Rwanda. Imwe mu nyandiko za Wikileaks, igaruka ku makuru yakusanyijwe na Ambasade ya Amerika mu Rwanda, igaragaza ubwoko bwa buri umwe mu bagize Guverinoma.

Ni inyandiko iri mu zitwa ko ari iz’ubutasi mu bya politiki yagiye hanze mu 2008. Iyi yashyizwe hanze mu gihe kimwe n’indi yavugaga ku mirongo ya telefoni abayobozi bakuru b’u Rwanda bakoresha, uhereye kuri Perezida wa Repubulika yaba mu biro, mu kazi, mu rugo n’ahandi cyo kimwe n’abazitaba iyo we atitabye.

Ubwo inkuru ivuga ko u Rwanda rukoresha ’software’ ya Pegasus yajyaga hanze mu 2019, Perezida Kagame yanenze abavuga ko rwinjira muri telefoni z’abantu, avuga ko ari ikoranabuhanga rudakeneye dore ko rinahenze.

Ati “Ariko iyaba nanjye ahubwo nari mfite iryo koranabuhanga ariko nanumvise ko rihenze cyane uko nabisomye […] Ntabwo nakoresha ayo mafaranga yose ku muntu uri iyo udafite icyo antwaye, umuntu undwanyiriza mu Bwongereza? Oya, ahubwo mpangayikishijwe na bariya binjirira mu Kinigi bakica abantu.”

Gusa yavuze ko kuba u Rwanda rwamenya amakuru ku banzi barwo, ari ibintu biri mu burenganzira bwarwo kandi bikorwa n’ahandi.

Ati “Kuri twe kumenya abanzi bacu ibyo bakora aho bari hose, ni ikintu twakomeje kugerageza gukora kuko biri mu burenganzira bwacu kimwe n’ibindi bihugu byose ku Isi.”

Ubutasi ni intwaro yifashishwa ku Isi yose mu gutahura ibyaha, bukaba ingenzi cyane kuko bufasha ibihugu bubibera intabaza

Nta gihugu ku Isi kidakora ubutasi

Ibihugu byose ku Isi na Vatican itagira igisirikare [urwego rwayo rw’ubutasi rwitwa ‘Santa Alleanza’], bifite inzego z’ubutasi zikora mu ibanga rikomeye kandi zitangwaho amafaranga menshi atagira ingano.

Ibikize bineka kurusha ibindi, kandi byifashisha ikoranabuhanga rihambaye n’ingengo y’imari itari nto. Nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 2019 zari zagennye miliyari 60,2 z’amadolari agenewe ibikorwa by’ubutasi, mu 2020 agera kuri miliyari 62,8 z’amadolari.

Uko igihugu kineka ni na ko na cyo kiba kinekwa ku rundi ruhande. Chris Simmons wahoze ari Umuyobozi ushinzwe kurwanya ibikorwa by’Ubutasi mu Rwego rw’Ubutasi rw’Igisirikare cya Amerika [Counterintelligence], mu 2017 yatangaje nibura ko icyo gihe hari intasi zirenga ibihumbi 100 zikorera ibihugu biri hagati ya 60 na 80 zose zineka Amerika.

Kate wakoreye MI6, rumwe mu nzego eshatu (MI5, GCHQ na MI6) z’ubutasi z’u Bwongereza aherutse gutangaza ati “muzatubona hose, muri za gari ya moshi n’ahandi nk’aho”.

Usibye kohereza mu gihugu abantu bashinzwe ubutasi, hari n’ubundi buryo bwifashishwa mu gutata binyuze muri za Ambasade. Umuyobozi muri Kaminuza ya Buckingham mu kigo cyigisha ibijyanye n’amasomo y’ubutasi, Prof Anthony Glees, yavuze ko “buri Ambasade ku Isi igira intasi”.

Kuba buri gihugu gikora ubutasi, Glees asobanura ko “hari nk’amahame atanditse” ko guverinoma ziba ziteguye gusa “nk’izirengagiza” ibibera muri za Ambasade. Gusa ayo mahame hari ubwo arengwaho iyo ikintu kinyuranyije n’amategeko kibereye muri Ambasade.

Urugero ni intasi 23 u Bwongereza buherutse kwirukana ku butaka bwabwo zakoreraga u Burusiya nyuma y’uko Sergei Skripal na we wahoze ari intasi arozwe.

Kuba ibihugu bizi neza ko hari intasi zibyihishemo, ngo byirinda kuzirukana kuko biba bikeka ko na byo izabyo ziza kwirukanwa. John Blaxland, Umwarimu mu ishuri ryigisha umutekano mpuzamahanga n’amasomo y’ubutasi muri Australia, yagize ati “Buri wese arabikora. Ntushobora kwirukana intasi z’ikindi gihugu kuko uba udashaka ko izawe zirukanwa.”

Gukora ubutasi nta muntu uba wica, nta n’ikintu uba wangiza, uba wumva amakuru akureba, yaba ay’abacura imigambi yo kukurwanya rwihishwa ndetse hari n’aho intasi zijya kuneka igihugu runaka zikisanga ziri kugiha amakuru ku migambi y’abagizi ba nabi.

John ukora muri MI6, yigeze kubwira BBC ati “Turi hano kugira ngo dukore ubutasi, tubukora tugamije icyiza, tugamije gutuma igihugu cyacu gikomeza gutekana kandi kigakomeza gutera imbere.”

Mugenzi we Kate yunzemo ati “Icyo tureba twe ni amabanga, ni bwo bucuruzi bwacu, ni ibyo dukora.”

Nta gihugu kijya cyemera ko hari abantu bagikoreramo baneka nubwo biba bizwi neza ko bikorwa, iyo hagize ufatwa arafungwa kabone nubwo ibihugu byaba bifitanye ubushuti bungana iki. Urugero ni Jonathan Jay Pollard wafunzwe imyaka myinshi na Amerika nyuma yo kuvumburwa ko ari intasi ya Israel.

Amayeri n’amagambo akoreshwa mu butasi

Amayeri akoreshwa mu butasi ni menshi kandi ahora ari ibanga ku gihugu, akanatandukana bitewe n’ikiri kunekwa. Gusa hari amagambo amenyerewe cyane muri iyi ngeri ku buryo abakora ubutasi baba bayaziranyeho. Arimo nk’ijambo ‘HUMINT’ [Human Intelligence] risobanuye ubutasi bwifashisha abantu mu gihe COMINT [Communications Intelligence] ari ubutasi bwifashisha ikoranabuhanga nko kugenzura ubutumwa buturuka hanze y’igihugu n’ibindi.

‘IMINT’ [Imagery Intelligence] bwo ni ubwifashisha amashusho ya Satellite, mu gihe ubuzwi nka ‘OSINT [Open Source Intelligence]’ bwo buba bushingiye ku kugenzura inyandiko.

Kuneka aho ukeka umwanzi ntibifatwa nko kurenga ku mategeko

Christopher J. Murphy, Umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Salford yo mu Bwongereza asobanura ko usibye no kuneka ahari umwanzi, nta kibi kiri mu kuneka inshuti yawe kuko na yo iba ibikora.

Avuga ko inzego z’ubutasi zubakiye ku mahame y’uko inyungu z’igihugu ari zo ziza imbere. Gusa, iryo hame rishobora guhinduka umunsi ku wundi, aho ibyo igihugu kibonamo inyungu uyu munsi bitaba ari byo kizabonamo inyungu ejo.

Yavugaga ko kuba u Bwongereza na Amerika ari ibihugu by’inshuti bitabujije kuba byanekana, atanga urugero rw’uburyo intasi zavumbuye ko u Bwongereza bwari bufitanye imikoranire na Libya mu gihe cy’intambara ya Iraq.

Akenshi ibikorwa by’ubutasi muri rubanda bifatwa nk’ibidakurikije amategeko, ariko usanga ibihugu bizi impamvu bibikora, kuko ibyo bikiza biruta kure ibyo byica.

Nka Amerika usanga itohereza Abanyamerika mu bihugu bitandukanye ngo bajye kuyinekera, ahubwo hari aho yifashisha abenegihugu bakajya bayiha amakuru ku bintu bitandukanye bitari n’umutekano.

Hari nk’abagenzura iterambere ry’inganda cyangwa se ikoranabuhanga ku buryo baha amakuru ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga muri Amerika.

Nko mu Bufaransa, CIA ihafite icyicaro mu Mujyi wa Paris. Mu 1993, yanetse byimazeyo ku bijyanye n’ibiganiro byari biri kuba mu gihugu bijyanye n’ibiciro ku masoko.

CIA kandi yashatse abakozi benshi bakora mu nganda zo mu Budage bigeza n’aho iha akazi umuntu wari usanzwe ari intasi. Byageze n’aho telefoni ya Angela Merkel yumvirizwa bikozwe n’ishami rya CIA riba mu Mujyi wa Berlin.

Five Eyes, ihuriro ry’ibihugu mu butasi

Hari ibihugu byinshi byateye imbere mu butasi ari nako bishyiraho ubufatanye mu guhanahana amakuru ku buryo intasi z’igihugu kimwe zishobora no kureba inyungu z’ikindi.

Ibi nibyo byatumye Australie, Canada, Nouvelle-Zélande, u Bwongereza na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byishyira hamwe bikora ihuriro ryishwe Five Eyes aho rihuriyemo inzego z’ubutasi mu by’umutekano za buri gihugu.

Intasi ntizigira impuzankano. Ushobora kuzisanga mu ruvunganzoka rw’abantu kandi nazo ziri gukora imirimo isanzwe

Ibihugu byihagazeho mu butasi n’uko bikora

Ibihugu birimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, u Bufaransa, u Bubiligi n’u Bwongereza ni bimwe mu byihagazeho mu butasi ndetse byifashishwa n’ibindi mu gutanga amahugurwa mu butasi.

Buri gihugu usanga gifite ibintu ubutasi bwacyo bushyiramo imbaraga, ahanini bitewe n’imiterere, cyangwa kikaba cyarashyizeho izindi nzego zita ku kintu runaka.

Dufashe urugero k’u Burusiya. Ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite ubutasi buteye imbere, bwibanda cyane ku bikorwa byo kurwanya iterabwoba no kurengera inyungu z’ubucuruzi z’u Burusiya hanze.

Kuva aho Vladmir Putin agiriye ku butegetsi, urwego rw’ubutasi cyane ubwo hanze y’igihugu ruzwi nka ‘SVR’ cyangwa ‘Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedk’ rwakajije umurego.

Ubu intasi z’u Burusiya ziri hose ku Isi, zirirwa zihanganye na CIA ya Amerika ari na ko uwo zaciye iryera ibye biba bitangiye kudogera, urugero ni uwahoze ari umwe muri zo, Alexander Litvinenko, uherutse kwicirwa mu Bwongereza.

Putin avuga ko SVR ari rumwe mu nzego z’ubutasi zikora kinyamwuga, ndetse abenshi bahamya ko ari rwo rwego rutumye u Burusiya ari igihugu cyubashywe ubu.

‘MSS’ y’u Bushinwa, ishamikiye kuri Minisiteri y’Umutekano aho yita cyane mu butasi mu by’ubucuruzi n’umutekano w’imbere mu gihugu.

Hanze y’igihugu intasi z’u Bushinwa ngo biragoye ko umuntu yazivumbura kuko mu gihe ibindi bihugu usanga bijya gushaka amabanga, zo ngo zigenda zibaririza imibare runaka ku buryo ziyihuriza hamwe zigakuramo icyo zikeneye.

U Buhinde na bwo bufite urwego rukomeye rwitwa “RAW” rwashinzwe mu 1968 aho rureba cyane abantu bashobora guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu, abakozi barwo biganje muri Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal na Bangladesh.

‘MI6’ narwo ni urundi rwego rw’ubutasi rukomeye rw’u Bwongereza ariko rwo rushinzwe gusa kugenzura ibikorwa by’iterabwoba bishobora kugabwa kuri iki gihugu. MI6 iba ineka mu bindi bihugu mu gihe mu gihugu rwagati ho SIS (Secret Intelligence Service) iba iryamiye amajanja.

Ntiwavuga inzego zikomeye z’ubutasi ngo wibagirwe BND y’u Budage, DGSE y’u Bufaransa, CSIS ya Canada, ASIS ya Australie n’abandi. Ntiwakwigarwa kandi Mossad y’Abanya-Israel.

Mossad ifatwa nk’urwego rukataje mu butasi ku Isi mu kurwanya iterabwoba dore ko Israel ikikijwe n’ibihugu bitayicira akari urutega.

Peter Earnest wabaye Umuyobozi Mukuru mu nzu ndangamateka mu by’ubutasi iri i Washington, yigeze kuvuga ati “Twese turi abana ba Mossad”. Kuva yashingwa mu 1951, iza ku isonga mu nzego z’ubutasi zishimwa mu bijyanye n’ubuhanga buhanitse abakozi bayo bafite, ndetse no kugira ibanga.

Magingo aya, ikoranabuhanga yaba irya telefoni na mudasobwa risigaye ryifashishwa mu butasi mu kugenzura amajwi n’amashusho

Hari gucura iki iyo u Rwanda rudashyira ingufu mu butasi?

Ibyago byagwiriye Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 2001, cyangwa se kuba wakumva nk’u Bushinwa bwasubiye inyuma mu bihugu bikize ku Isi, ni bimwe mu byaba mu gihe nta butasi buriho mu gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose.

Kuba nka Perezida wa Haiti Jovenel Moise yarishwe n’abakomando biganjemo abacanshuro mu minsi ishize, iyo Haiti iza kuba yari ifite inzego z’ubutasi zinoze kiriya gikorwa cyari kuburizwamo.

Ubusanzwe ubutasi ni umurimo ukorwa n’abantu baba basanzwe bafite ibindi bakora, ku buryo nk’umunyamakuru yakora akazi ke gasanzwe ariko akora ubutasi. Ntabwo ari umurimo ukorwa n’abantu bambaye impuzankano runaka ku buryo aho bari bunyure buri wese ahita abamenya.

Biragoye kubatahura kuko intasi ishobora nko kuba uri umumotari, utwara moto umunsi ku wundi ariko mu muhanda yirwa akatamo hari amakuru runaka ari gushaka.

Ibigo byinshi bigira intasi, ariko iyo bigeze ku bishinzwe umutekano byo biba mu nshingano zabyo z’ingenzi. Nka Sosiyete zicunga umutekano nka za Isco na GardaWorld zo mu Rwanda, ahandi usanga zikora no mu bundi buryo akazi ko gutata.

Uburyo inzego z’ubutegetsi zubatse mu Rwanda, byaguha ishusho nyayo y’uko ubutasi muri iki gihe bukorwa. Niba hari ikibazo kibaye mu Isibo, mutwarasibo ahita atanga amakuru mu kanya nk’ako guhumbya, Minaloc iba yabimenye ikamenyesha inzego zirebwa. Ayo makuru atanzwe na Mutwarasibo ashobora kwifashishwa mu bikorwa by’ubutasi.

U Rwanda rufite inzego z’ubutasi ziyubaka umunsi ku wundi. Hari nk’Urwego rushinzwe iperereza n’Umutekano (NISS); Urwego rw’Ubutasi bwa Gisirikare, J2 (benshi bita DMI – Directorate of Military Intelligence), Urwego rushinzwe Ubutasi mu by’Imari, FIC (Financial Intelligence Centre) n’izindi zibarizwa muri buri rwego rw’umutekano.

Ni byinshi byari kuba iyo u Rwanda rudashyira imbaraga mu butasi, ngo rukurikirane intambwe ku yindi y’abashaka kurugirira nabi.

Mu 2010, Polisi y’u Rwanda yatahuye ko hari intwaro zari ziganjemo za gerenade muri Ambasade ya Libya mu Rwanda zashoboraga kwifashishwa mu bikorwa bimwe na bimwe byo gutera amagerenade mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Umwe mu bakozi b’iyi Ambasade niwe watanze aya makuru, hanyuma Polisi ikoze iperereza izitahura muri iyo nyubako. Intwaro kandi za Libya zanafashwe no mu bindi bihugu nka Ethiopia. Iyo hatabaho ubutasi, izi ntwaro ziba zarishe inzirakarengane nyinshi.

Tekereza kandi uko biba byifashe muri Nyungwe ukurikije aho ibintu byari bigeze, iyo u Rwanda rudakurikirana Nsabimana Callixte ‘Sankara’ ngo rumukure muri za Comores.

Reba ba Laforge Bazeye na Abega bari abayobozi muri FDLR, iyo ubutasi budatahura imigambi bari bari gucurira muri Uganda bagafatwa bageze ku mipaka, ubu birashoboka ko bari kuba bageze kure ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo.

Tutagiye kure kandi, Mudathiru wari uyoboye abarwanyi ba P5 iyo hatabaho ubutasi ngo butahure ko bimuye ibirindiro bagiye kubishyira hafi y’u Rwanda na Uganda; dushobora kuba twari turi kwandika izindi nkuru aho kuvuga iby’iterambere mu Rwanda.

Ubutasi nibwo bwagejeje Paul Rusesabagina i Kigali, mu gihe yumvaga ko nta muntu wamushyigura ngo amubuze imigambi ye yo kugirira nabi u Rwanda.

Iyo hatabaho kandi ubutasi ngo busakume buri wese wari mu mugambi w’ibitero bya gerenade muri Kigali mu 2010, nta kabuza umutekano turirimba uyu munsi bamwe tuba tuwubarirwa; n’izi za KCT, amasoko akomeye n’ibindi bikorwaremezo bigezweho, tuba tubisoma mu bitabo by’imishinga gusa.

Nta gihugu gifite inzego z’ubuyobozi zubatse bikwiye gishobora kubasha kubaho kidafite inzego z’ubutasi. Gukora ubutasi kw’ibihugu si icyaha, nk’uko ibihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, u Bufaransa, u Bwongereza, Canada n’ibindi bibikora, ni nako u Rwanda na rwo rwemerewe kubikora.

Kuba hari gusakuzwa cyane ko haba hakoreshwa porogaramu izwi nka Pegasus mu gukora ubutasi kw’ibihugu birimo Maroc, u Rwanda n’bindi, ntabwo bitangaje na mba kuko niba inzego z’ubutasi hirya no hino ku isi ziba zikora byeruye gusa zikarangwa no gukorera mu ibanga rikomeye, nta kuntu zakora zitifashishije porogaramu za mudasobwa runaka nka bimwe mu bikoresho nkenerwa mu kuzuza izo nshingano, nta kintu kirimo gitangaje.

Ibyiza by’ubutasi ni byinshi, bufasha mu gutanga amakuru y’ingenzi ku buryo nk’igihugu cyitegura hakiri kare ikintu runaka gishobora kubaho mu rwego rwa politiki cyangwa umutekano, kigafata ingamba za nyazo. Ubutasi bwifashishwa nk’umuburo nyawo mu bintu byose.

Abatuye muri aka gace bavuga ko mbere bakundaga kubona umuriro n’umwotsi nijoro mu irimbi rya Rugarama rimwe na rimwe bakanaribonamo abantu bafite imbabura n’inkoko n’ibindi basa nk’aho bari kurikoreramo imihango yo kuragura, bikabatera ubwoba.

Kuba aba bantu batakihaerga, byaturutse ku barinzi bashyizwe ku irimbi ku buryo uhaje wese aba afite impamvu yumvikana.

Byukusenge Antoine, ni umwe mu bavuga ko mbere yatinyaga guca kuri irimbi bitewe n’ibyo yahaboneraga.

Ati “ Mbere wacaga aha ukabona urumuri rwinshi rw’umuriro rimwe na rimwe ukabona abantu barimo bacanye ubonamo umwotsi mwinshi bikagutera ubwoba. Njye nari nsigaye ntinya guca aha kubera gukeka ko ari abazimu ariko ubu ubona ko byarangiye.”

Yavuze ko nyuma y’aho muri iri rimbi hashyiriwemo abazamu barirarira ubupfumu bwahacitse.

Munezeri Alfa ukora akazi ko gushyingura abantu mu irimbi rya Rugarama, na we yemeza ko abacuraguzi n’abapfumu bakundaga kuza muri iri rimbi nijoro bahaciwe n’abazamu.

Ati “Twakundaga kuhabona abantu baje kuhakorera indi mihango ijyanye n’ubucuraguzi. Hari abazanaga inkoko cyangwa ukabona bazanye za buji bari guterekera ariko nyuma y’uko hashyizwe abazamu ubu nta muntu ugipfa kuhaza.”

Umuyobozi wa Kompanyi ishyingura abantu mu irimbi rya Rugarama, Uwimbabazi Charles yavuze ko ubu irimbi n’abarituriye batekanye kubera ingamba zafashwe.

Ati “Twarababonaga rimwe hari abazaga bafite inkoko bafite n’ibindi bintu bitandukanye byifashishwa mu kuragura. Nyuma twashyizeho abazamu ku buryo babarwanyije kugeza ubwo bacitse burundu.”

Uretse ubupfumu, kurinda irimbi byanaciye n’abajura bakundaga kuza gucukura imva ngo bibe ibyuma bizubakishije.

Abaturage bavuga ko ubu basigaye bagenda batekanye mu masaha y’umugoroba kubera ko irimbi ryashyizweho abarinzi

Iyo bwabaga bwije, muri aya marimbi hakundaga kuba hari abacuraguzi baje mu migenzo gakondo yabo, bagatera ubwoba abaturage

Inama y’Abayobozi b’imijyi ikoresha Igifaransa iteraniye mu Rwanda ku nshuro ya 41, aho byitezwe ko izamara iminsi itatu.

Mu banyacyubahiro bayitabiriye harimo n’Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Paris, Anne Hidalgo, wanasuye ibikorwa bitandukanye byo mu Mujyi wa Kigali mu gitondo cyo kuri uyu wa 20 Nyakanga 2021.

Mu bikorwa Meya Anne Hidalgo yasuye harimo ahari agace katunganyijwe kazajya gakorerwamo ubukerarugendo ndetse abantu bashobora no kuzajya baruhukira i Nyandungu.

Ni ahantu hazagirwa nyaburanga, hari kubakwa umushinga wo guhindura Igishanga cya Nyandungu gikora ku mirenge ya Ndera mu Karere ka Gasabo na Nyarugunga muri Kicukiro, Pariki y’Ubukerarugendo bubungabunga ibidukikije, Eco-Tourism Park.

Ni umushinga byari biteganyijwe ko urangira muri uyu mwaka ukaba wari uteganyijwe kuzura utwaye miliyari 4.5 Frw. Biteganyijwe ko nurangira uzafasha cyane mu bijyanye no kubungabunga igishanga kugira ngo kigarure ubuzima bwacyo, hakaba n’amahirwe adasanzwe ku bukerarugendo.

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, REMA, gitangaza ko gutunganya iki gishanga bifite akamaro kanini ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima kuko hanatewe ibimera by’amoko atandukanye harimo n’ibyifashishwa mu buvuzi gakondo.

Kuva mu 2006, Umujyi wa Paris utera inkunga imishinga imwe n’imwe mu Rwanda nk’ifasha abana mu myigire n’ibijyanye no kurwanya imirire mibi binyuze mu marerero y’abana.

Hari nk’umushinga, Umuryango FXB Rwanda uterwa inkunga n’Umujyi wa Paris mu Murenge wa Nyamirambo. Ni umushinga ufasha abatishoboye muri gahunda zitandukanye zirimo kubigishwa imishinga ibyara inyungu, bakanaterwa inkunga y’igishoro cyo kuyitangiza.

Anne Hidalgo uyobora Umujyi wa Paris kuva mu 2014, yaherukaga mu Rwanda mu 2019, yanasuye Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi. Ni we muyobozi w’ Ihuriro ry’Abayobozi b’Imijyi ikoresha ururimi rw’Igifaransa.

Ihuriro ry’Imijyi ikoresha Igifaransa, AIMF, nibura buri mwaka rishora miliyoni 10 z’Amayero mu mishinga y’iterambere ishyirwa mu bikorwa n’imijyi iri muri iri huriro mu nzego zitandukanye.

Buri gihugu gifite umusanzu gitanga ariko ikagira n’abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye nka OIF, ibigo bishamikiye kuri Loni, Banki y’Isi, EU na Fondation Bill & Melinda Gates.

Meya wa Paris, Anne Hidalgo yasuye umushinga wo kubaka icyanya cy’ubukerarugendo i Nyandungu

Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Paris, Anne Hidalgo yasobanuriwe imiterere y’uyu mushinga uri kubakwa mu Mujyi wa Kigali

Ubwo yari arangije gusura ahari kubakwa iki cyanya cya Nyandungu, Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Paris yaherekejwe ajya gusura Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali

Hidalgo ubwo yari ageze i Nyandugu ahari gutunganywa pariki

Hidalgo yishimiye uyu mushinga ugamije kubungabunga ibidukikije

Anne Hidalgo ubwo yasuraga Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali

Anne Hidalgo yunamiye Abatutsi bazize Jenoside bashyinguye ku Rwibutso rwa Kigali ashyira n’ingabo ku mva

Anne Hidalgo asinya mu gitabo cy’abashyitsi ku Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali

Abanyeshuri basaga ibihumbi 195 ni bo batangiye ibizamini bya Leta kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki 20 Nyakanga 2021 nubwo ibice bimwe by’Igihugu biri muri Guma mu rugo mu rwego rwo kwirinda ikwirakwira rya Covid-19.

Ku rwego rw’igihugu, iki gikorwa cyatangirijwe ku mugaragaro mu Ishuri ry’Imyuga n’Ubumenyingiro rya Saint Joseph Integrated Technical College i Nyamirambo muri Kigali, ahakoreye abanyeshuri 241 bavuye ku bigo bitandukanye.

Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ibizamini n’Ubugenzuzi bw’Amashuri, NESA, Dr Bahati Bernard, yasabye abanyeshuri gutinyuka bagakora ibizamini batuje kuko babonye umwanya uhagije wo kwitegura.

Ati “Turizera ko mwabonye igihe gihagije cyo kwitegura, ndabifuriza gutsinda kandi mwumve ko ari ibizamini nk’ibyo musanzwe mukora mu ishuri. Ntimugire ubwoba murabitsinda”.

Uyu muyobozi yavuze ko abanyeshuri bari mu bice biri muri Guma mu rugo bagomba gufashwa kugera aho bakorera ibizamini ndetse no mu gihe cyo gusubira mu ngo ku biga bataha kugira ngo hatagira ucikanwa n’amahirwe yo gukora ibizamini cyangwa akandura Covid-19..

Mutatsineza Fabiola, umwe mu batangiye ibizamini yavuze ko biteguye mu bihe bikomeye ariko ko byabateye imbaraga zo gukora cyane kugira ngo bazabashe kwitwara neza.

Mutatsineza Fabiola, umwe mu batangiye ibizamini yavuze ko biteguye mu bihe bikomeye ariko ko byabateye imbaraga zo gukora cyane kugira ngo bazabashe kwitwara neza.

Ati “Imyiteguro yo yagenze neza twabonye igihe gihagije cyo kwiga, kugeza aka kanya nta bwoba dufite kandi tumeze neza. Navuga ko tugeze ku rwego rushimije mu masomo yose tuzakora kuko twagize umwanya uhagije.”

Yavuze ko iki kizami bari bagitegerezanyije amatsiko menshi kuko bagombaga kugikora muri 2020 ariko ntibyakunda akaba ari nayo mpamvu batagomba gutsindwa.

Ati “Twari dufite ubwoba tubonye ibipimo byongeye kuzamuka gusa tunejejwe n’uko igihe gisohoye tugakora ikizamini cya Leta. Imbogamizi zo ntabwo ari zimwe yaba kumva wigana na mugenzi wawe ejo bakamutwara ngo yanduye Covid-19, kuba twaramaze igihe twebwe(Kigali) turi muri guma mu rugo ku banyeshuri haba hari icyahindutse, babona ko bitari kugenda neza bamwe bagacika integer.”

Ingabire Olivier we yavuze ko inzira y’inzitane banyuzemo yatumye bishakamo ibisubizo byo gutegura neza ikizamini nta nkomyi.

Ati “Ntabwo byari byoroshye kandi nta n’ibyoroha, ariko kubera igihe cyari kinini twabonye uburyo bwo kwitegura bihagije ndetse n’uburyo bushoboka bwose tubonye tukabukoresha.”

I Kigali bashyiriweho imodoka zibatwara

Bitewe no kuba Umujyi wa Kigali uri muri gahunda ya Guma mu rugo kubera kubahiriza ingamba zo kwirinda ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo cya Covid-19, Leta yashyizeho uburyo abanyeshuri bazajya bafashwa kugera aho bakorera ibizamini.

Umuyobozi wa NESA, Bahati Bernard, yavuze ko hari imodoka 151 ziri kwifashishwa n’abanyeshuri ndetse n’abandi bari kubafasha kugira ngo ikorwa ry’ibizamini rigende neza aho abasaga ibihumbi 16 bagomba gutega buri munsi bagana ku mashuri.

Yagize ati “Leta yatekereje uburyo ifasha abo banyeshuri bose cyane cyane mu Mujyi wa Kigali aho bakenera gutega imodoka. Ubu hari gahunda iriho yo kubafasha kugera ku masite y’ibizamini ndetse ntabwo ari abanyeshuri gusa hari n’abandi bakozi bari kugira uruhare muri ibi bizamini”.

Yakomeje avuga ko nta munyeshuri uzacikanwa n’ikizamini bitewe n’uko yabuze amafaranga y’urugendo kubera ko Leta ari yo izishyura ikiguzi.

Aba banyeshuri kandi bagiye gukora ikizamini cya Leta mu bihe bigoye kubera ko za restaurants mu bice biri muri Guma mu rugo zitemerewe gukora.

Dr Bahati Bernard yabwiye abanyamakuru ko kugeza ubu ibigo bikorerwaho ibizamini byishyize hamwe bikavugana uko bizafasha abanyeshuri kubona amafunguro.

Ati “Ibigo byishyira hamwe bikareba uburyo byorohereza abo banyeshuri bari kuhakorera ikizamini yaba ifunguro no mu bundi buryo kugira ngo bataza kuva kuri site bajya mu rugo barushye ugasanga byababangamiye.”

Ibizamini byatangiye kuri uyu wa 20 Nyakanga 2021 biteganyijwe gusozwa ku wa 27 Nyakanga 2021 ariko abakora ibizamini mu buryo bw’ishyirwa mu bikorwa by’ibyo bize (Pratique) bazahita babitangira.

Muri rusange abanyeshuri batangiye ibizamini bya leta mu gitondo cyo kuri uyu wa 20 Nyakanga 2021, 195 987. Barimo ibihumbi 122 bo mu cyiciro rusange mu gihe abarangiza umwaka wa gatandatu ari ibihumbi bisaga 50 naho muri TVET bakaba ibihumbi 22 779.

Abanyeshuri bibukijwe gukomeza kwitwara neza birinda gukopera no kurenga ku ngamba zo kwirinda Covid-19

Abatangiye ibizamini bijeje ko biteguye kubitsinda neza

Basabwe gutuza no kumva ko ibizamini bagiye gukora ari bimwe n’ibyo bari basanzwe bakora

Abanyeshuri ubwo bahabwaga ikizamini bahereyeho bakora

Mutatsineza Fabiola yavuze ko yiteguye kwitwara neza mu bizamini amaze imyaka ibiri yitegura

Ingabire Olivier yavuze ko nta rwitwazo kuko babonye igihe gihagije cyo kwitegura

Abanyeshuri bashyiriweho imodoka zihariye zibageze aho bakorera ibizamini, zikanabacyura (Ifoto: Niyonzima Moise)