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Uruhushya rwo kugenda mu modoka

Iteka rya Guverineri wa Ruanda-Urundi ryo ku wa 10/11/1959 rirwanya ubuzererezi, ryavugaga ko umuntu wese ugaragara azerera, asabiriza, yicuruza cyangwa yasinze, inkiko zagombaga kumushyikiriza inzego z’ubutegetsi agakora imirimo adahemberwa mu gihe cy’imyaka irindwi.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, umuntu wese wifuzaga kuva mu gace kamwe k’igihugu yerekeza mu kandi, yagombaga kubisabira uruhushya rwitwa ‘Laissez-passer’.

Uwabaga ashaka kugenda mu modoka we yongeragaho n’ikindi cyangombwa kimuhesha ubwo burenganzira, cyitwaga ‘autorisation de circuler à bord d’un véhicule’, cyagombaga kuba kigaragaza impamvu agenda muri iyo modoka.

Hari Abanyarwanda bageze mu zabukuru bavuga ko guhera icyo gihe hanatangwaga icyemezo cyo gutura (permis de residence) ndetse n’icyemezo cyo gucumbika mu mujyi igihe gito (autorisation de séjour).

Umusaza witwa Furere w’imyaka 81 akaba atuye mu Karere ka Burera, avuga ko mu gihe cy’ubukoloni umuntu wabaga yarize, yahabwaga icyangombwa cyitwa ‘carte du merite civique’.

Ati “Abakoloni bavugaga ko uwo muntu ajijutse ameze nk’abazungu, ku buryo adakwiye gusabana n’abantu ba rubanda rugufi. Ariko urebye icyari kigenderewe kwari ukugira ngo batajya mu baturage bakabagumura hakabaho imyigaragambyo”.

Icyo gihe bamwe mu Banyafurika (Abirabura) bageze mu ishuri bari batangiye kugira ibitekerezo byo kwigobotora ku bukoloni bw’Abanyaburayi.

Nanone mu mwaka wa 1917, ni bwo hagiyeho umusoro kuri buri muntu wese w’umugabo cyangwa umusore (impôt par capita), aho nyuma y’imyaka 10 mu 1927 wari ugeze ku mafaranga y’Amakongo Mbiligi 3.5.

Icyo gihe ihene yagurwa amafaranga ibihumbi 25 kuri ubu, ngo yagurwaga urumiya (0.5 francs). Bivuze ko umusoro buri mugabo cyangwa umusore yatangaga ku mwaka, waba uhwanye n’amafaranga y’u Rwanda y’iki gihe bihumbi 175.

Ntabwo umuntu yakwirengagiza ko indangamuntu y’icyo gihe (yitwaga ibuku) yagombaga kuba igaragaza ubwoko bwa buri muntu, ndetse ko uwayihawe yabanje guhabwa inkingo.

Ingo zimwe zahindutse utubari

Bimenyerewe ko utubari, ari ahantu hahurira abantu bagamije gusabana, aho benshi iyo bamaze kunywa inzoga bahuza urugwiro, bamwe bagahoberana, bagafatana, ibi bikaba ari bimwe mu byongera ibyago byo kwanduzanya icyorezo cya Covid-19 ku kigero cyo hejuru.

Bamwe mu baturage twaganiriye, baduhishuriye uburyo bunyuranye bakoresha kugira ngo bahurire hamwe basangire inzoga.

Hari kandi n’abacuruzaga utubari bavuze ko bakomeje kureba uburyo bakwirwanaho ntibahagarike ubucuruzi burundu, kuko nta handi bavana imibereho.

Umwe yagize ati “Numvaga nta hantu nabona nicara ngo nywe inzoga. Nageze aha ntembera, gusa numvaga ndi buyigure nkayitwara mu rugo. Umwe mu nshuti zajye ni we wambwiye ko dushobora guhurira muri iyi alimentation, tukajya mu gikari cyayo, tugasangira kamwe. Mpageze nasanze hari abantu benshi, bicaye basangira inzoga, nanjye menya ntyo ko ahantu nk’aho hagihari”.

Mpagaze Emmanuel (izina tamuhaye), avuga ko nubwo utubari tutemerewe gufungura mu rwego rwo kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19, hari ubundi buryo bunyuranye abantu bagiye barema utubari.

Avuga ko uretse muri za alimentations zifite ibikari byihishe, hari na za resitora zisa n’izagizwe utubari. Ibi kandi abihuza na Jean Bosco Uwamungu (si izina rye), wadusobanuriye uko bigenda muri zimwe muri resitora zari zisanzwe zicuruza ibiryo cyangwa ahari akabari hahinduwe resitora.

Ati “Icyo bagusaba ni uko ukoresha komande y’icyo kurya, n’aho kaba akantu gato. Ntibisaba ko uba ubishaka, kuko ntibaguha inzoga utabanje gusaba ibyo kurya. Ubundi mukicara mukanywa. Iyo mumaze kurya, ibyo mwaririyeho, amasahani, umunyu, ibiyiko, babigumiza aha kuri aya meza, kuko abayobozi bashobora kwinjira batunguranye, baza kureba niba hatahindutse akabari”.

Akomeza avuga ko abakora mu tubari na bo hari amabwiriza baba barahawe, nko kudaha umuntu umwe amacupa abiri icyarimwe, kuko ku meza imwe hatagomba kugaragara amacupa menshi.

Amayeri menshi

Mu rwego rwo kugira abakiliya mu tubari, ba nyir’utubari ni bo bagenda batumira abo bazi bari basanzwe bahanywera, bakababwira ko bashobora kuza bakanywa inzoga nta kibazo.

Harerimana Claude, yagize ati “ Ubundi hari n’ubwo uba utazi ko akabari runaka wanyweragamo kagikora. Nyirako rero agenda ahamagara abo yari azi, akababwira ko akora, na bo bakabwirana ariko mu ibanga, ku buryo bitateza ibibazo”.

Hari n’abandi bahimbye uburyo bwo guhurira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga (Whatsapp Groups) ku buryo baba bazi aho bari buhurire n’uko bahura.

Kamali Leandre, agira ati “Ubundi telefone zarabyoroheje. Abantu turi mu itsinda rimwe tuba tuzi aho duhurira tukagenda turi bake bake, ku buryo bitagaraga. Birakorwa cyane”.

Gusa ariko bitewe n’uko ingamba zakajijwe, bamwe bahitamo guhurira mu ngo, aho bavugana urugo bazahuriramo birinda kuba bafatirwa mu kabari.

Anges Rugwiro agira ati “Kubera kwanga ko abantu banywa bacungana na polisi, akenshi akabari turakareka, tukavugana urugo duhuriramo. Ni byo bitagaragara cyane ko abantu bari kunywa inzoga. Turazigura tukazijyana”.

Kunywa inzoga ntibibujijwe, ikibi ni ukunywera mu tubari cyangwa aho abantu bateraniye ari benshi. Umuntu ashobora kugura inzoga akayijyana iwe, akayinywa kandi ntabe anyuranyije n’amabwiriza.

Gusa bamwe bamenyereye guhurira mu tubari, bavuga ko ibi ari ibintu bivunanye cyane. Agnes Rugwiro, nanone agira ati “Njyewe inzoga yo mu rugo ya njyenyine sinayimira. Bisaba ko mba ndi kumwe n’inshuti zanjye dusabana. Naho ubundi wataha ukaryama”.

Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu Prof Anastase Shyaka, mu kiganiro yagiranye na Televiziyo y’u Rwanda, yavuze ko bigoye ko abantu basangira inzoga bakwirinda Covid-19, bitewe n’ubusabane budasanzwe bagirana uko bagenda basoma ku nzoga, iyi ikaba impamvu iyo serivise ikomeza gufungwa.

Agira ati “Iyo abantu bagiye mu kabari baba bagamije ubusabane. Iyo batangiye bahanye intera, kagenda kagabanuka uko basoma ku gacupa. Hari n’abatangira guhoberana, kandi agapfukamunwa ntibaba bakikambaye. Abo rero biragoye kubasaba kwirinda Covid-19”.

Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu (MINALOC) ifatanyije n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere (RDB), batangaje amabwiriza agenga imikorere ya Resitora, Hoteli n’andi macumbi muri ibi bihe byo kwirinda icyorezo cya COVID-19, aho resitora zemerewe gutanga ibinyobwa bisembuye, ariko ku bantu bicaye gusa kandi baje gufata amafunguro.

Ibi byatumye hari bamwe mu bakoraga ubucuruzi bw’akabari, bahindura imikorere bakabyita resitora, ariko bagakomeza gutanga inzoga.

Kamanzi (izina twamuhaye), afite akabari ariko ubu yamaze kugahindura resitora, aho yashyizemo serivisi yo kugaburira abantu amafunguro ya saa sita, atari asanzwe abikora.

Avuga ati “Leta ikimara kuvuga ko utubari dufunzwe, nibajije uko nzabaho, kuko ngomba gutunga umuryango w’abantu umunani. Ariko nyuma y’aho resitora zemerewe gukora, nanjye nahise ntangira uburyo bwo kujya nteka ibiryo abantu bakaza kurya mu masaha ya saa sita”.

Avuga ko nta mpungenge afite ko abahagana bakwanduzanya icyorezo kuko ngo bashyizeho ingamba z’ubwirinzi. Avuga ko abinjira bose babanza gukaraba intoki kandi bagahana intera.

Ati “Iyo hari abashaka n’inzoga turazibaha, ariko tukubahiriza amabwiriza yo kwirinda, kuko hagati y’intebe n’indi dusigamo intera ya metero imwe n’igice. Nyuma ya saa mbili n’igice, nta muntu twongera guha inzoga, kuko amasaha y’umukwabu aba yegereje tugomba gutangira gufunga”.

Avuga ariko ko ibyo guhana intera biba bigoye ariko ko bakomeza kunyura hagati y’aho abantu bicaye, babibutsa guhana intera. Kwambara udupfukamunwa byo ngo ntibiba byoroshye, kuko abantu baba bakomeza kurya no kunywa. Ati “Tugenzura ko badufite ariko batwambara batashye”.

Aba bacuruzi bavuga ko batahagarika ubucuruzi burundu, kuko ari bwo bubatungiye imiryango.

Steven Gahima, umwe mu bahagaritse ubucuruzi bw’akabari utuye mu Murenge wa Kimironko, avuka ko kuri ubu ubuzima butamworoheye.

Agira ati “Tukimara kubona amabwiriza yasohotse ahagarika ubucuruzi bw’utubari, nahise mfunga. Ariko ubuzima buragoye, ntibyoroshye gutunga umugore n’abana batanu ntacyo mfite cyinjiza amafaranga. Ubuzima burakomeye. Mpora numva nanjye nahindura izina akabari nkabyita resitora, ariko mba numva mfite impungenge z’ingaruka byangiraho. Nemeye kurya bike, nkaryama kare”.

Kunywera ku mureko, mu gapfukamunwa…na ruswa

Mu kibahima, ku mureko, mu gapfukamunwa, munsi y’igitanda… ni amwe mu mazina agenda ahabwa ahantu hanyuranye abantu baba baziranyeho ko hacururizwa inzoga mu buryo butemewe.

Damascene Hakiza, umwe mu banywera muri izo nzu, yatubwiye ko kuguha karibu bisaba kukwizera.

Agira ati “Ubundi iba ari inzu isanzwe, ku buryo gukeka ko abantu bajyamo bakanywa bigoye. Kereka hari umwe muri twe udutanze. Hari ubwo buri wese yizanira icyo kunywa, ariko ukaba ugomba no kugira icyo ugurira hano”.

Avuga ko aya mazu yabafashije gusabana, cyane ko bataba bikanga n’amasaha y’umukwabu.

Ati “Iyo saa moya zigufatiye aha, ubwo ni ukunywa kugera mu gitondo (igihe twaganiraga hari harashyizweho gahunda ntarengwa ya saa moya ). Icyo twirinda ni urusaku kuko mu ijoro abantu bose baba baryamye. Kandi abenshi tuba tunatuye hafi hano”.

Akomeza agira ati “Ibyo kubahiriza intera no kwambara agapfukamunwa naba nkubeshye pe, ntabyo twubahiriza”.

Ku bijyanye no gutinya ko banduzanya Covid-19, yatubwiye ko ibyo batarabihabona, kuko abahanywera bose kugeza ubu ntawe urayandura. Yagize ati “Hano twese turi bazima (abivuga aseka cyane). Nta muntu urarwara mu bantu bose baza aha”.

Bamwe mu baturage bavuga ko iyi myitwarire bayibona, ariko ntibabe bagira icyo bayikoraho kuko usanga utubari dukingirwa ikibaba na bamwe mu bayobozi.

Kamali Leandre yagize ati “Gufatwa ni ibyago. Hari urubuga mbanaho n’ushinzwe umutekano mu Kagali. Ubwo se yamfata ate tuba twasangiye? Erega na bo ni abantu”.

Samuel Ntwali utuye mu Karere ka Kicukiro, agira ati “Ubu se wowe ntubibona, aka si akabari gafunguye. Aha ndahanyura buri munsi nkikomereza, aba bantu ubareze bakabimenya wabakira? Uretse ko biri henshi, mbona kwirirwa umuntu aregana ari ukwiteranyiriza ubusa”.

Beatha Mukarwego na we utuye mu Karere ka Gasabo, agira ati “Inkeragutabara, ni zo zishinzwe kureba niba abantu batarenze ku mabwiriza. Aha kuri aka kabari, barabanza bakaziha zikanywa, na nijoro zikaza bakaziha. Usanga rwose na zo zishimye. Ubwo se wumva zajya kubarega”.

Kamanzi ufite akabari yahinduye resitora, yatubwiye ko umuntu agomba kumenya kubana neza n’abayobozi, akagira icyo abagenera kugira ngo akomeze akore.

Agira ati “ Ubundi abayobozi cyane aba ba hafi kugera ku murenge, abapolisi ugomba kumenya kubana na bo, mukaganira, mukaba inshuti. Nawe ariko gerageza ubyumve, tubaha akantu bagatuza. Kuko utagize icyo ubaha nawe ntiwakora”.

Mu bijyanye no kubana neza na bo, yatubwiye ko atari ruswa babaha, ahubwo ko hari ubwo babatumira bagasangira.

Bamwe batangiye guhanwa

Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa w’Akarere ka Kicukiro Solange Umutesi, avuga ko hari abayobozi bagiye bakurikiranwa, ariko ko batabaga bafatiwe mu cyuho cya ruswa, ahubwo ko byabaga ari ukutuzuza inshingano.

Agira ati “Hari abayobozi mu nzego z’ibanze bafatwaga bataje gukurikirana uko abaturage bubahiriza amabwiriza, tukabibona nk’uburangare cyangwa intege nke ariko ntitwabyita ruswa. Mu cyuho cya wa muyobozi warangaye ni ho n’abo banywa inzoga, bagakora utubari ahatemewe babikora. Hari abayobozi bemeye amakosa basaba imbabazi bagirwa n’inama, ariko hari abagera kuri 18 byabaye ngomba ko bavanwa ku mirimo”.

MINALOC, ivuga ko henshi mu hakorerwa ubucuruzi bw’utubari bahamenya, kandi ko ntawe uzihanganirwa mu gihe yarenze ku mabwiriza.

Minisitiri Shyaka Anastase mu kiganiro na Televiziyo Rwanda, ati “Hari utubari dusanzwe tuzwi, udukorera muri za hoteli, resitora, alimentation zahiduwe utubari, utwo twose ntitwemewe. Aho batazibwiriza kudufunga inzego zibishinzwe zizabafasha kubahiriza amabwiriza”.

Akomeza agita ati “Bamwe mwajyaga mubona binjira bakabanza gufata ka brochette kamwe, ubundi amacupa agacicikana, resitora ikaba akabari, ibyo turabizi. Ababikoraga babicikeho”.

Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, Prof. Shyaka Anastase

Dr Sabin Nsanzimana, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima mu Rwanda (RBC), na we yavuze ko hari benshi barenga ku ngamba zo kwirinda Covid-19, bashyira utubari aho tutari, bibangamira ingamba n’amabwiriza, bigatuma icyorezo cyiyongera.

Yagize ati “Utwo tubari turahari turabizi, hari n’amashusho y’abantu basinze njya mbona mu bitangazamakuru, ugasanga n’agapfukamunwa kamubereye imbogamizi aho kuba kamufasha. Icyo nabwira abantu ni uko buri wese yakumva ko ari ubuzima bwe arinda.

Ni we n’umuryango we bigiraho ingaruka iyo atirinze. Si ukurinda umupolisi, nubwo iyo wanduje abantu, bishobora kugera no kuri benshi utazi. Twatangiye gupfusha abantu, iki ni igihombo tugize ndetse kizamara imyaka myinshi”.

Imibare itangwa na Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, igaragaza ko kuva tariki 17 Nyakanga kugera tariki 12 Nzeri 2020, hari hamaze gufatwa utubari tugera ku 6,071 twari dukinguye ku buryo butemewe, abagera kuri 21,732 bafatirwa mu tubari, barenze ku mbwiriza yo kwirida Covid-19.

Umujyi wa Kigali washyizeho uburyo bwo guhana abantu bose bazafatwa batubahirije amabwiriza yo kwirinda ikwirakwiza rya Covid-19, amande n’ibihano ku bazafungura akabari ahatemewe hose, haba mu ngo, resitora, alimentations, hoteli…, aho nyir’ubucuruzi cyangwa nyir’urugo azahanishwa amande angana n’ibihumbi ijana na mirongo itanu (150,000 Frw), akanafungirwa ibikorwa bye mu gihe kiri hagati y’ukwezi kumwe n’amezi atatu, bigafungurwa abanje kwerekana ingamba yafashe mu kwirinda Covid 19.