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Raporo y’Umuryango urwanya ruswa n’Akarengane ku Isi, Transparency International, yashyize u Rwanda ku mwanya wa gatatu mu kurwanya ruswa mu 2018 n’amanota 56%. Mu 2019, rwari ku mwanya wa 51 ku Isi n’urwa kane muri Afurika mu kurwanya ruswa.

Minisitiri w’Ubutabera akaba n’Intumwa Nkuru ya Leta, Busingye Johnston, yigeze kuvuga mu Ukuboza 2018, ko imitangire ya serivisi iramutse inogejwe nk’uko amategeko abiteganya, ruswa igaragara mu gihugu yagabanukaho 90%.

Raporo y’Umuryango urwanya ruswa n’akarengane, ishami ry’u Rwanda 'Transparency International Rwanda’ (TI-Rwanda) yo mu Ukuboza 2019, yagaragaje ko ubwiganze bwa ruswa buri kuri zimwe ntoya.

Iyi raporo yiswe 'Rwanda Bribery Index 2019′ yerekanye ko iyo ruswa yagabanyutse ariko ikiguzi cyayo kikiyongera cyane. Ubuyobozi bwa TI-Rwanda bwagaragaje ko ikigereranyo cya ruswa ntoya cyavuye kuri 3.28% mu mwaka wa 2017, kikagera kuri 2.08% muri 2018 naho mu 2019 kikaba kiri kuri 2%.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa TI-Rwanda Ingabire Marie Immaculée, yagaragaje ko nubwo abatanga ruswa bagabanyutse ariko ikiguzi cyayo kiyongereye kikava ku mpuzandengo y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda 58.065 ikagera ku mafaranga 85.030.

Muri rusange ruswa yatanzwe n’abakoreweho ubushakashatsi igera kuri miriyoni 20 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, ikigereranyo ku rwego rw’Igihugu kikaba kerekana amafaranga arenga miriyari 17 na miliyoni 406 angana n’ingengo y’imari y’umwaka y’Akarere.

Iyo raporo kandi yerekana ko nibura 81% by’abaturage bishimira ingamba zashyizweho na Guverinoma zo guhangana n’icyaha cya ruswa mu gihe 78% ari bo babona ruswa yaragabanyutse mu Gihugu.

Igaragaza kandi ko mu mezi 12 ya 2019, Abanyarwanda 18.5% basabye cyangwa batanga ruswa mu buryo buziguye n’ubutaziguye mu mikoranire yabo n’ibigo bitandukanye, bikaba bigaragaza igabanyuka rya 1.5% ugereranyije n’ikigero cya 20.4% cyatangajwe mu mwaka wa 2018.

Ikigereranyo cya ruswa yakiriwe mu Ishami rya Polisi y’u Rwanda rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda cyavuye kuri 14.29% mu mwaka wa 2018 kigera ku 9.7% muri uyu mwaka, hakurikiraho Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) ruri ku kigereranyo cya 7.8%, na ho Urwego rw’Imyuga n’Ubumenyingiro (TVET) ruza ku mwanya wa gatatu na 5.13%.

Gusa iyi raporo igaragaza ko TVET ari yo yagaragayemo abatanze n’abakiriye ruswa benshi ku kigero cya 12.40%, ikurikirwa n’Urwego rw’Abikorera 9,90%, RIB 8.50%, abacamanza 8.30%, WASAC kuri 6.40%, Inzego z’ibanze kuri 5.50% na ho mu Kigo k’Igihugu gishinzwe Ingufu (REG) kuri 5.30% bavuye kuri 12.93% babarurwaga mu mwaka ushize.

Raporo y’Ibikorwa by’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu 2019/2020 yagaragaje ko uru rwego rwakoze iperereza ku madosiye ya ruswa 35 harimo 21 yakiriwe mu mwaka wa 2019-2020 na 14 yatangiye gukurikiranwa mu mwaka wa 2018-2019.

Iyi raporo yasohotse muri Nzeri uyu mwaka, yagaragaje ko muri ayo madosiye harimo 14 yakorewe iperereza ararangira, muri yo 13 ashyikirizwa Ubushinjacyaha, dosiye 1 yohererezwa Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha.

Amadosiye 2 yafatiwe ibyemezo byo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi, indi imwe iburirwa ibimenyetso, gusa ubwo iyo raporo yasohokaga hari and madosiye 18 yari agikorwaho iperereza.

Mu mwaka wa 2019-2020, Ubushinjacyaha bw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi bwaburanye amadosiye 11 arimo amadosiye 5 yatangiye kuburanishwa ku rwego rwa mbere mu mwaka wa 2019-2020 n’amadosiye 6 yari yaratangiye kuburanishwa mu yindi myaka akomeza kuburanishwa muri uyu mwaka.

Muri ayo madosiye 6, amadosiye 5 yarangiye kuburanishwa burundu naho dosiye imwe iracyaburanishwa.

U Rwanda rwifatanyije n’Isi mu kwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wahariwe kurwanya ruswa uba tariki 9 Ukuboza, buri mwaka. Mu Rwanda wizihijwe ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti 'Twese Hamwe Ntawe Usigaye Inyuma Turwanye Ruswa’.

Mu biganiro byahuje inzego zitandukanye zari zitabiriye ibirori byo kwizihiza uwo munsi, Minisitiri muri Perezidansi ya Repubulika, Uwizeye Judith wari umushyitsi mukuru yibukije ko hagendewe ku bushakashatsi bwasohotse, ruswa ihari, ariko ko hari n’imbaraga hashingiwe ku bushake bwo kuyirwanya buhari mu Gihugu.

Minisitiri Judith Uwizeye kandi yahamagariye abitabiriye ibiganiro byo kwizihiza uwo munsi ko hakwiye ubufatanye mu rugamba rwo kurwanya ruswa, ubufatanye bw’inzego mu kugaruza umutungo ukomoka kuri ruswa. Inzego zihurira ku kurwanya ruswa ni nyinshi mu Rwanda n’ubwo ikigaragara
Minisitiri Judith Uwizeye yahamagariye abanyarwanda gufatanya kurwanya ruswa

The parliamentarian made the appeal on Monday 7th December 2020 as the parliament reviewed the amendment UK Trading Law.

He was insisting on the request of his colleague, Andrew Mitchell.

Polak affirmed that his country kept a deaf ear to Rwanda’s request to bring to book suspects of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi roaming in the UK.

He explained that his country relented on willingness to do so, which is contrary to other countries that have deported fugitives to Rwanda or tried them.

'Five suspects for role in the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi live freely in the UK and receive full benefits. Yet the United States of America, Canada, France, Belgium, Sweden and other countries have extradited suspects to face justice in the Rwanda justice system where the death penalty was abolished over 10 years ago,” said Polak.

He said that it is shocking that UK failed to do the same, thus calling the UK for urgent action before the next CHOGM to take place in Rwanda.

'I call upon the Government to weigh in this matter before the next CHOGM that will be held in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda next year,' said Polak.

The five genocide fugitives living in the UK are; Célestin Mutabaruka, Vincent Bajinya nicknamed Vincent Brown, Célestin Ugirashebuja, Charles Munyaneza and Emmanuel Nteziryayo.

As he commented to the arrest of Paul Rusesabagina, Andrew Mitchell criticized The Guardian (a British daily newspaper) which reported that Rwanda seeks to intimidate Rusesabagina but rather asked to draw emphasis on how genocide fugitives can be brought to book.

'Before leaving this topic, your newspaper should support the arrest of five Rwandans accused of role in Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda still roaming freely in UK living on benefits of British nationals for over ten years,' he said.

Mitchell explained that British legal system didn’t draw attention on the case despite Rwanda’s efforts to bring to book these fugitives which remained futile.

In 2018, Rwanda’s ambassador in the UK, Jo Lomas said that the investigation department in his country had started preliminary investigations to the suspects.

He made the revelation after holding talks with Rwanda’s Justice Minister, Busingye Johnston. At the time, Lomas revealed that his Government is closely following the case waiting for the Prosecution’s decision.

At the time, Minister Busingye said that no progress had been made despite Rwanda’s request to deport these suspects.

He revealed that the most important thing is to bring the fugitives to face justice where they can be convicted or acquitted.

IGIHE

The meeting held at Village Urugwiro was attended by AU Reforms Advisory team including the Chairperson of African Union Commission, Moussa Faki Mahamat.

Others members of the team include Dr. Donald Kaberuka , the board chair of Global Fund; Acha Leke, economic expert from Cameroon; Strive Masiyiwa, entrepreneur from Zimbabwe; Dr. Carlos Lopes from Guinea Bisau; Cristina Duarte, former Minister of Finance, Cabo Verde; Mariam Mahamat Nour former Tchad Minister of Economy and international Cooperation ; Dr Vera Songwe from Cameroon; Amina J. Mohammed from Nigeria and Tito Mboweni, South Africa’s Finance Minister.

Achieving self-financing is one of reforms being implemented. Self-financing the African Union (AU) is one of the urgent and necessary institutional reforms, critical for the realisation of the AU vision for inclusive and sustainable development as laid out in its Agenda 2063.

In July 2016, African Heads of State and Government took a historic decision and adopted a 0.2% levy to ensure that all member states pay their yearly contributions to the AU, fully and in time. The decision directs all AU member states to implement a 0.2% levy on eligible imports into the continent to finance the AU and bring about sustainable, predictable, equitable and accountable financing.

In the same year, the AU Assembly of Heads of State and Government also decided to endow the Peace Fund with $400m in Member State contributions to be drawn from the 0.2% levy instituted to finance the overall African Union budget. The full endowment level was expected to be reached in 2021. So far $200 contributions have been raised.

Other reforms to be implemented include gender balance effective from the next elections of African Union Commission leadership scheduled in January 2021. If Faki Mahamat is re-elected, he will be deputized by a woman.

Despite restrictions linked to COVID-19, the African Union (AU) has started the process to elect a new AU Commission (AUC) in January 2021. In line with the AU reform process that began in 2016 under the supervision of President Paul Kagame, the new AUC will have fewer commissioners and will be elected through a new merit-based system.

IGIHE

Speaking to IGIHE, the CEO of Rwanda Mines, Petroleum and Gas Board (RMB) Francis Gatare confirmed the presence and revealed that further processes will be determined by ongoing research.

'Lithium has been found in different parts. We continue to carry out research to identify areas with enough minerals to start extraction in a productive way,' he said.

'It has been traced in several places that extraction can start. The presence is confirmed in Muhanga district, Ngororero in the areas of Gatumba as well as Rwamagana and Bugesera districts in Eastern Province. The remaining step is to determine the types, quantity and quality,' added Gatare.

He explained that Lithium minerals have a great value considering international market demand.

'Lithium minerals have a high value at the international market nowadays, considering countries’ visions and growing need for the use of batteries in cars or electricity generation,' noted Gatare.

'The extraction and processing should be assessed rigorously to avoid loss of value yet the world strongly needs it,' added Gatare.

As he said, the country is looking for partner investors to start productive and beneficial extraction as expected.

'It needs investment but there are concerned institutions. Research comes first, and then follows extraction knowing better where it will be processed. We are looking for partner investors with such knowledge and capacity so that a processing plant will be available by the time we get extraction licensing,' revealed Gatare.

He advised the public that not to engage in extraction of such minerals until licensing, and measures guiding Lithium extraction processes are implemented.

Apart from Lithium, research is underway to establish the presence of 'Uranium’ especially used in the production of nuclear energy.

Rwanda recently entered agreements with Russia on cooperation in the construction of the Centre of Nuclear Science and Technology on the territory of Rwanda as well as the establishment of nuclear power plant in Rwanda.

The agreements indicate that nuclear energy will be mainly used for peaceful in different areas including nuclear medicine, research reactor laboratory complex, and multipurpose radiation especially in agriculture, education, radiobiology, and material science.

Gatare said that there is still a long way to go Rwanda for Rwanda to extract 'Uranium’ which might be found in existing minerals licensed for extraction.

'Minerals found in Rwanda like Cassiterite, Colta and Wolframite mostly propagate Uranium and thorium radiations. It is a reality that Uranium and thorium minerals are present. However, there has been no research to identify sites with enough volumes,' he said.

Rwanda expects to earn Rwf 500 billion from trading of minerals.

Lithium is an element valuable for the production of glass, aluminum products, and batteries.

In total, about 65 percent of lithium produced goes toward battery production, but other industries also consume the metal. For example, 18 percent of lithium is used in ceramics and glass, while 5 percent goes to lubricating greases.

According to the US Geological Survey, lithium consumption for batteries has increased significantly in recent years due to the use of rechargeable lithium batteries in the growing market for portable electronic devices, as well as in electric tools, electric vehicles and grid storage applications.

Lithium batteries are proving to be an effective and affordable alternative to traditional batteries, and also in new battery applications. More than 50% of lithium mined is used in batteries. This use has recently increased rapidly spurring an increase in lithium mining to provide the lithium for batteries.

The mineral is mixed with other light metals such as aluminum and magnesium to form strong, light-weight alloys (an alloy is a mixture of metals).

Some lithium, in the form of lithium carbonate or lithium citrate, is used as medicine to treat gout (an inflammation of joints) and to treat serious mental illness
Australia, Chile, China, Argentine, Zimbabwe and Portugal are ranked top Lithium producers.

IGIHE

Abaturage bavuga ibi mu gihe ibikoresho bikurura imirasire y’izuba bizwi nka panneaux solaire ubu bigaramye aho babishyize, abaturage barabireba gutyo gusa kandi ngo bari batangiye kumva icyo abandi bafite umuriro babarushije mu myaka yose bari bamaze bajya kuwuvumba ahandi

Aka gace ka Banda gaherereye mu Kagari ka Benda kamwe mu tugize Umurenge wa Rangiro,gakikijwe na Pariki y’Igihugu ya Nyungwe, agace katigeze kumenya na rimwe umuriro wa REG.

Mu 2017 ni bwo iyo mirasire bari bayizaniwe n’umwe mu bantu bahavuka washakaga kubara mu bwigunge.

RBA dukesha iyi nkuru yatangaje ko mu Ukwakira 2019, inkuba yabaye kidobya irabikubita,ingo zibarirwa mu ,agana na santerey’ubucuruzi ya Banda bimera nk’ibitewe ikinya,icuraburindi ryisubiza intebe kugeza ubu.

Nk’uko ba nyir’iyi mirasire babivuga, ngo hakenewe nibura miliyoni 12 mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda ngo hagurwe ibyuma bibiri byahiye,bitihi se bigasanwa kuri miliyoni 4.

Mu cyumvikana ko Akarere ka Nyamasheke katarambirije kuri iyi mirasire, Mukamasabo Appolonie,ukayobora,avuga ko n’ubwo habaho ibiganiro hagati ye n’uyu wazanye iyi mirasire,ngo akarere ko gafite gahunda nshya yo kwihera aba baturage umuriro buhoro buhoro yaba indi mirasire cyangwa uwa REG n’ubwo mu by’ukuri atagaragaza igihe bizakorwa.

Inkuba yakubise iyi mirasire mu gihe yacaniraga abakabakaba ½ cy’ingo 1038 zituye aha mu i Banda ndetse n’imiryango y’ubucuruzi ikabakaba 100.Kuri ubu,kubona nk’umuriro muri telefoni birasaba gukora nibura ibilometero 10 ujya ku biro by’Umurenge wa Rangiro aka Kagari ka Banda kanabarizwamo cyangwa bakajya i Nyamagabe mu majyepfo.

Bavuga ko bituma hari umusaruro utagezwa ku ruganda ukangirikira mu mirima. Ibi ngo bidindiza iterambere ryabo kuko amafaranga baba bateganya kubona atariyo babona bityo no kwishyura imyenda bafitiye amabanki bikabagora.

Ubusanzwe hirya no hino mu mirima y’icyayi no ku nkengero z’imisozi gihinzweho hagaragara imihanda ikoze neza ifasha abahinzi n’abasoromyi b’icyayi kukigeza ku makusanyirizo azwi nka hangari, aho imodoka z’uruganda cyangwa koperative ziza gufata uwo musaruro ukajyanwa gutunganywa mu nganda.

Gusa ibi si ko bimeze ku bahinzi b’icyayi bo muri koperative COTEGAB yo mu murenge wa Gatare na Buruhukiro muri Nyamagabe .

Imihanda ijya ku makusanyirizo muri iki cyayi cyabo yarangiritse. Ni imihanda yagiye ikundurwa n’inkangu, ikangiza imihanda ahandi naho ugasanga imihanda yacitsemo ibinogo kubera cy’isuri. Kugera muri iki cyayi no ku makusanyirizo kuri ubu nta modoka ijyayo uretse moto nabwo bisaba ko umuntu agenda avaho bakayiterura cyangwa bakayisunika.

Abahinzi b’icyayi bo muri iyi koperative bavuga ko kuba uyu muhanda udakoze biri kubateza igihombo kuko hari umusaruro usigara mu mirima bitewe n’uko aho bawujyana ku ikusanyirizo rimwe bifashisha ari kure y’imirima bityo n’abasoroma bakajyana gike bitewe no kugenda bakikoreye ku mitwe.

Ibi abahinzi bavuga binashimangirwa n’abasoromyi bavuga k bavunika ndetse n’amafaranga bakagombye gutahana ku munsi akaba make bikadindiza iterambere ry’ingo zabo.

Mu kugerageza kwishakamo ibisubizo aba bahinzi bari batangiye kugira imwe mu mihanda bakora bifashishije imiganda, dore ko bari banahawe imodoka izajya ibafasha gutwara umusaruro wabo ku makusanyirizo izwi nka torotoro. Gusa ngo imbaraga zabo zaje kuba nke, bakaba ariho bahera basaba ko inzego zibishinzwe zabafasha kubakorera iyo mihanda.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Nyamagabe wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu Kabayiza Lambert avuga ko iki kibazo bakizi. Gusa ngo mu gihe hataraboneka ingengo y’imari yo gukora iyo mihanda mu buryo burambye, abagize iyi koperative na bo bagomba kugaragaza uruhare rwabo mu gukemura iki kibazo, akarere kakabunganira :

Koperative y’abahinzi b’icyayi ba Gatare na Buruhukiro COTEGAB igizwe n’abanyamuryango 1498 bahinga ku buso bwa Ha 630 . Iyi mihanda basaba ko yakorwa ifite uburebure bwa km 23.