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Mbere y’uko icyorezo cya Covid-19 kigera mu Rwanda muri Werurwe 2020, ikigero cy’ubushomeri cyari kuri 13,1% ariko kubera ingaruka zacyo muri Gicurasi uyu mubare waje kwiyongera ugera kuri 22,1%.

Gusa nyuma y’aho igihugu kiviriye mu bihe bya Guma mu Rugo ndetse ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe bikongera gusubukurwa, kugeza muri Kanama iki kigero cy’ubushomeri cyaragabanutse kigera kuri 16,0%.

Muri abo 16% badafite akazi, harimo abakoraga mu nzego n’imirimo yafunzwe, itemerewe gukora kuri muri Werurwe umwaka ushize. Ubu abo bamaze amezi arenga 10 batagira akazi, batanafite n’icyizere cyo kugasubiraho vuba kuko uko bwira ari ko imibare y’abanduye ikomeza kwiyongera, bigaragaza ko ibintu bishobora gufata indi ntera mu minsi iri imbere.

Urugero ni nk’abakoraga mu tubari, imwe muri serivisi zafunzwe ku ikubitiro mu kwirinda ikwirakwira rya Covid-19. Abo IGIHE yaganirije bavuga ko babayeho nabi kuko batabasha kubona amafaranga abatunga n’ayo kwishyura ubukode bw’inzu.

Uwitwa Uwamahoro Djamila wakoraga mu Kabari kitwa Torino mu Mujyi wa Kigali, yavuze ko afite impungenge z’uko azirukanwa mu nzu cyane ko amaze amezi atandatu atarishyura ubukode bwayo.

Ati “Mbayeho nabi kuko no kubona ibyo ngaburira abana mbihabwa n‘abagiraneza bangiriye impuhwe.”
Uwineza wakoraga muri sauna massage iherereye ahitwa Kuryanyuma i Nyamirambo, we ahamya ko amaze amezi icyenda atarabona amafaranga ibihumbi 15 Frw.

Ati “Mbikubwiye wagira ngo ndakubeshya ariko ni ukuri kw’Imana kuva Covid yaza sindabona ibihumbi 15 Frw kuko ndibuka ko amafaranga nabonye ari ibihumbi 10 Frw nayo nayohererejwe na musaza wanjye cyagihe hakiza gahunda ya Guma mu rugo mu gihe nkikora ntaburaga ibihumbi 10 byanjye ntahana.”

Nubwo bimeze gutya ariko, hari abandi bashatse icyo bakora, batangira kwihangira imirimo mu gihe bategereje ko utubari twongera gufungurwa. Urugeri ni Biziyaremye Emmanuel wakoraga mu kabari gaherereye i Nyabugogo, nyuma y’uko akazi kabo gahagaritswe yahise atangira ubucuruzi bwa Me2U kugira ngo yirinde gusabiriza.

Ati “ Njye urebye simbayeho neza cyangwa nabi kuko gahunda ya guma mu rugo ikiza, umukoresha yahise anyishyura amafaranga ibihumbi 50 Frw yari amfitiye y’amezi abiri mpita nitangirira kugurisha Me2U kugira ngo ntazavaho nanduranya.”

Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare kigaragaza ko mu Rwanda hari abantu miliyoni 7,5 bujuje imyaka yo gukora, muri bo 3.667.611 bafite akazi, mu gihe abandi 697.210 batagafite naho abagera kuri 3.137.889 bo ntibari ku isoko ry’umurimo.

Kuva ku wa 14 Werurwe 2020 ubwo umuntu wa mbere wanduye Coronavirus yabonekaga mu Rwanda, abamaze kwandura ni 10.122 mu gihe abapfuye ari 128.

Uyu mushinga watangijwe mu 2019, ku ntego yo kwagura ubufatanye n’imikoranire hagati y’amashuri makuru na za kaminuza zo muri Afurika na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Muri iyi gahunda yatangijwe na Kaminuza ya Nebraska-Lincoln, Ibiro bya Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bizatanga inkunga ingana n’ibihumbi 250 $.

Umunyamabanga wungirije wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika Ushinzwe Afurika, Tibor Nagy, yavuze ko ubu bufatanye bwa Kaminuza ya Nebraska-Lincoln ari umwe mu mishinga yahoze mu nzozi ze.

Ati “Inyuma y’akazi kanjye ka dipolomasi, ndi umuntu ufite umuhamagaro wo guteza imbere urubyiruko rwa Afurika no kubaka umubano uhamye hagati y’ibigo n’amashuri makuru yo muri Afurika na Amerika.”

Tibor kandi yavuze ko by’umwihariko umubano w’u Rwanda na Amerika mu bijyanye n’uburezi usanzwe uhagaze neza nk’uko yabibonye ubwo yari mu Rwanda mu 2019, mu ruzinduko rw’akazi akahava atanze ikiganiro muri Kaminuza ya Carnegie Mellon, cyagarutse ku gukomeza umubano hagati ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’u Rwanda.

Muri iyi gahunda Abanyarwanda barenga 200 bazahabwa buruse zo kwigira ubuntu binyuze muri porogaramu izwi nka ‘CASNR Undergraduate Program’ no gutanga inama ku bijyanye no gushaka no gutegura integanyanyigisho z’Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, RICA.

Ambasaderi wa Amerika mu Rwanda, Peter Hendrick Vrooman, yavuze ko uyu mushinga uje mu gihe ibihugu byombi bisanzwe bifitanye umubano mwiza.

Ati “Twishimiye gushyigikira imbaraga zigamije kwagura umubano hagati y’amashuri makuru na Kaminuza zo mu Rwanda na Amerika. Ni ishoramari ry’ingenzi mu burezi.”

Yakomeje avuga ko ibihugu byombi bizungukira mu mahirwe azava mu bufatanye mpuzamahanga mu burezi by’umwihariko mu mashuri makuru na kaminuza.

University of Nebraska–Lincoln ni Kaminuza y’Ubushakashatsi ibarizwa muri Lincoln, niyo imaze imyaka myinshi kandi yagutse muri Leta ya Nebraska.

Umuyobozi w’Icyubahiro wa Kaminuza ya Nebraska-Lincoln, Ronnie David Green yashimiye uruhare rwa Amerika muri iyi gahunda avuga ko ari amahirwe adasanzwe k’u Rwanda kuba rugiye gukorana n’iyi kaminuza imaze imyaka irenga 150.

Abanyarwanda 200 bagiye guhabwa amahirwe yo kwiga muri Kaminuza ya Nebraska-Lincoln iri mu zikomeye muri Amerika

Iki cyemezo cyafashwe hagamijwe kuziba icyuho cy’umubare munini w’abarimu bari bakenewe mu byiciro by’amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye ngo ujyanishwe n’ibyumba by’amashuri byongerewe mu gihugu hose.

Mineduc yatangaje ko abarimu bagera ku bihumbi 11 bashyizwe mu myanya badakoze ibizamini by’akazi ndetse batarize uburezi bahawe amasezerano y’umwaka umwe [ashobora kongerwa undi mwaka umwe gusa], basabwa kwiga uburezi mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri kugira ngo babone guhabwa aka burundu.

Iyi minisiteri itangaza ko mu gushyira abarimu mu myanya mu cyiciro cya gatatu, mu mashuri abanza hasabye abarimu 27,372, abujuje ibisabwa ni 19,817; umubare w’abakenewe ni 15,439 mu gihe 15,001 aribo bamaze gushyirwa mu myanya.

Mu mashuri yisumbuye abari basabye gushyirwa mu myanya [abatanze ibyangombwa] ni 32,150 mu gihe abujuje ibisabwa ari 13,576. Abashyizwe mu myanya ni 2699 mu gihe abarimu bakenewe ari 5008.

Abarimu bari gushyirwa mu mirimo mu gihe icyiciro cy’amashuri y’incuke n’abanza (1-3) giteganyijwe gutangira tariki ya 18 Mutarama 2021.

Mu gushyira mu myanya abarimu mu bice bitandukanye hari byinshi wamenya ku byibazwa ku byashingiweho n’igikorwa mu korohereza aboherejwe kure kuba bakorera hafi.

Ikibazo: Nakoze ikizamini ndatsinda ndetse nari ku rutonde rw’abategereje kubona umwanya (Wait list). Muri iki gikorwa, sinashyizwe mu mwanya kandi hari abandi batanze indangamanota babonye imyanya, ubwo byagenze bite?

Muri iki gikorwa cyo gushyira abarimu mu myanya, habanje gushyirwa mu myanya abakoze ibizamini mu 2019 bari kuri ‘wait lists’ zatanzwe n’uturere ndetse n’abakoze ibizamini mu 2020. Mu cyiciro cya gatatu cyo gushyira abarimu mu myanya aho harebwaga abatanze ‘trancsripts’, abari bakiri kuri ‘wait list’ batabonye imyanya mu cyiciro cya mbere n’icya kabiri ni bo bahereweho bahabwa imyanya.

Hari amasomo amwe n’amwe usanga imyanya ari mike ugereranyije n’abakoze ikizamini bakagitsinda bamwe bakaba bakiri kuri ‘wait list’. Amwe muri aya masomo afite abakandida benshi bagitegereje ni nka Geography (A0), Economics (A0) na History (A0). Ikindi usanga hari amasomo yigishwa gusa mu mashuri nderabarezi (TTCs) ugasanga na ho hari abakandida benshi kandi imyanya muri TTCs ari mike. Ayo masomo ni nka ‘Foundation of Education’, na ‘Special Needs and inclusive Education’.

Iyo urebye usanga abatanze transcripts basabye akazi ku masomo ahuye n’ay’abasigaye kuri ‘wait list’ batarahawe imyanya mu cyiciro cya gatatu.

Ikibazo: Muri iki cyiciro cy’abatanze indangamanota (transcripts) abantu twize UR-CE ntitwahawe amahirwe yo kubona akazi nk’abandi kubera ko twakoze ‘majoring’ mu isomo rimwe. Twumva twarenganyijwe.

Igisubizo: Mu gutanga imyanya, hagendewe ku isomo umuntu yasabye kwigisha (Post applied for) hagaherwa ku wagize amanota menshi hitawe nanone ku karere umuntu yasabyemo akazi.

Urugero: Hari aho umukandida yasabye ‘History’ na ‘Geography’ ku rwego rwa A0 undi agasaba ‘History’ ku rwego rwa A0. N’ubwo abo bakandida baba barize bimwe, hitabwaga ku mwanya uhuye neza n’ibyo umukandida yasabye.

Ikibazo: Nasabye akazi mu karere mbarizwamo none mwampaye akazi mu kandi kari kure y’urugo rwanjye, birashoboka ko umuntu yafashwa agahabwa akazi aho abarizwa?

Igisubizo: Mu gikorwa cyo gushyira mu myanya abarimu (placement), hitawe ku karere umukandida yasabyemo akazi, hagaherwa kandi ku manota menshi muri buri somo, muri buri karere. Mu gihe hari umukandida usigaye atabonye akazi mu karere yasabyemo, yashakirwaga umwanya w’akazi mu kandi kagifite imyanya ariko bigakorwa hagendewe ku bakandida bafite amanota yo hejuru kuri buri somo/umwanya.

Ni yo mpamvu hari abakandida bisanze babonye imyanya mu turere twa kure y’aho basabye akazi. Bityo rero, guhindurirwa aho umuntu yabonye umwanya/akazi mu gihe ari mu turere dutandukanye bikorwa mu buryo busanzwe, “mutation”.

Ikibazo: Ese ko nagize amanota menshi mu karere nakoreyemo ikizamini, none nkaba mbona hari uwo mwahaye umwanya mu kandi kandi murusha amanota, ubwo hagendewe kuki?

Igisubizo: Hari byinshi byagendeweho mu gushyira mu myanya abakandida. Birimo kureba akarere umuntu yasabyemo akazi, akaba ari ho ahabwa amahirwe ya mbere yo kubona umwanya/akazi mu gihe uhari, ibi kandi byakozwe mu turere twose; umukandida utabonye umwanya mu karere yasabyemo akazi harebwaga niba hari utundi turere twasigaranye imyanya ku isomo runaka, bityo abakandida basigaye batabonye imyanya mu turere basabyemo bagashyirwa mu myanya muri utwo turere haherewe ku bafite amanota yo hejuru.

Ikibazo: Ese kuki abantu twize ‘History’ na ‘Geography’ tutabona imyanya haba hari umwihariko kuri twe?

Igisubizo: Nta mwihariko uhari, imyanya iratangwa ku masomo yose, ariko hari amasomo afite imyanya mike kandi hari abakandida benshi basabye akazi kuri ayo masomo.

Ikibazo: Ese ko nari ku rutonde rw’abatanze indangamanota none nkaba mbona mutampaye umwanya, byagenze bite?

Igisubizo: Abatanze indangamanota ‘transcripts’ bose ntabwo babonye imyanya kubera ko byaterwaga n’imyanya ikenewemo abakozi yatanzwe n’uturere hagendewe kuri buri somo.

Ikibazo: Hari bamwe mu barimu batangiye akazi 01/12/2020 bakaba batarahembwa. Byagenze bite?

Igisubizo: Iki kibazo kirazwi, kiri gukurikiranwa. Hari aho habaye kubanza kunoza ibijyanye n’amadosiye y’abakozi bashya bajya mu myanya/akazi bituma bamwe mu barimu babona amabaruwa abashyira mu kazi bitinze. Hari n’abandi batatanze ku gihe ibyangombwa byasabwaga kugira ngo abarimu bose bahemberwe icyarimwe. Ku bufatanye n’uturere n’izindi nzego bireba, imishahara izaba yabonetse bitarenze Mutarama 2021.

Ikibazo: Ese ko ku rutonde mwatangaje hari abantu bahawe umwanya urenze umwe?

Igisubizo: Ni byo iri ni ikosa ryabaye. Ryarakosowe imyanya ihabwa abandi bakandida hagendewe ku byasabwaga.

Ikibazo: Kuki hari abakandida bashyizwe mu myanya batarize uburezi kandi ababwize bose batarahabwa akazi?

Igisubizo: Mu gutanga akazi harebwaga abakandida basabye akazi ko kwigisha isomo haherewe ku bize uburezi. Hari aho byagaragaye ko abize uburezi ari benshi ugereranyije n’imyanya ihari. Icyo gihe abize uburezi bamwe ntibabonaga imyanya. Ku rundi ruhande, hari igihe hari isomo ryabaga rifite imyanya myinshi bikaba ngombwa ko n’abatarize uburezi bahabwa akazi.

Ikibazo: Ni iyihe gahunda ihari yo gufasha abarimu batize uburezi kandi bahawe akazi ko kwigisha?

Igisubizo: Abarimu batize uburezi bahawe akazi mu byiciro byose by’amashuri bazakorera ku masezerano y’umwaka umwe ushobora kongerwa inshuro imwe. Muri icyo gihe, uyu mukozi asabwa kwiga amasomo ajyanye n’iby’Uburezi mu gihe kitarenze imyaka ibiri ndetse hakaba hari na gahunda y’amahugurwa yo kubongerera ubushobozi mu bijyanye n’imyigire n’imyigishirize.

Ikibazo: Ese mwamfasha iki kugira ngo ngere aho mwanyohereje ko ingendo zitemewe?

Igisubizo: Minisiteri y’Uburezi iri kuganira n’inzego zitandukanye bireba mu rwego rwo gufasha abarimu bashyizwe mu myanya kugera mu turere bazakoreramo, haba mu buryo bw’ingendo ndetse n’impushya zo kuva mu karere kamwe ujya mu kandi muri iyi gahunda ya ‘Guma mu Karere’.

Ikibazo: Ese abacikanywe no gutanga ibyangombwa bisaba akazi, hari andi mahirwe yo kuzinjira mu mwuga wo kwigisha?

Igisubizo: Amahirwe arahari, amakuru ajyanye n’akazi ko kwigisha azakomeza gutangazwa uko imyanya izajya igenda iboneka.

Minisiteri y’Uburezi yatangaje ko uwaba afite ikindi kibazo yakinyuza kuri e-mail [email protected] bitarenze ku wa 15 Mutarama 2021 kugira ngo ikibazo cye gisuzumwe ahabwe igisubizo.

Uyu mugabo wavutse mu 1975 asanzwe atuye i Rwamagana mu Murenge wa Muyumbu ariko akorera ubucuruzi bw’ibitenge mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Abikura hanze y’u Rwanda nko mu Bushinwa, ubundi akabiranguza n’abandi babikeneye imbere mu gihugu.

Amakuru agera kuri IGIHE ni uko afite ibigo bibiri by’ubucuruzi byanditse mu mazina ye kuva mu 2016 aribyo Manual Trading Ltd na Imani textile Ltd ariko hari ibindi bigera kuri bitandatu yagiye afunguza mu mazina y’abandi bantu barimo n’abakozi be bo mu rugo.

Yakunze kuvugwa mu buriganya bw’imisoro kugeza n’aho mu mwaka ushize mu Ukwakira 2020 Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro cyafatiriye ibicuruzwa bye ku bwo kutishyura imisoro. Icyo gihe RRA yafatiriye amabaro y’ibitenge 585 byakorewe mu Bushinwa. Byavugwaga ko ibyo bitenge bifite agaciro ka miliyari 4.312 Frw.

Amwe mu mayeri yakoreshaga mu kunyereza imisoro harimo gufunguza sosiyete nyinshi zikandikwa ku bantu batandukanye, guca ibifungo (seal) bishyirwa ku makamyo ye cyangwa kuyobya uburari ko amakamyo agiye kwambukiranya igihugu kandi mu by’ukuri bayapakururira mu Rwanda.

Mu mwaka ushize, RRA yafatiriye amakamyo y’ibicuruzwa bya Kibyeyi byari byinjiye mu gihugu bidatanze imisoro

Amakuru yizewe agera kuri IGIHE ni uko uyu mugabo yafunguje sosiyete esheshatu, zirimo ebyiri zanditse mu mazina y’abakarani, ebyiri zanditse mu mazina y’abakozi be babiri bo mu rugo, imwe yanditse mu y’umugore we n’iyanditse mu mazina ya nyina wabo.

Ngo abo bakozi yabasabaga indangamuntu zabo hanyuma akajya muri RDB agafunguza ibigo mu mazina yabo, ubundi akajya yinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu mu mazina yabo ariko ntabitangire imisoro kandi abo bakozi batabizi.

Mu bucukumbuzi twakoze, twasanze nka Sosiyete yitwa Baze Company Ltd yarayifunguje mu 2019, yanditse ku mukarani wo muri Quartier Matheus. Ibereyemo Leta umwenda w’imisoro urenga miliyoni 188 Frw, amafaranga uwo mukarani atarakorera kuva yavuka.

Nsengimana Martin w’imyaka 33 ni umukarani wakundaga gusaba akazi Kibyeyi. Guhera tariki ya 22 Ukwakira 2019 abarwa nka Rwiyemezamirimo kuko mu Rwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere, RDB, amazina ye yanditse kuri Sosiyete yitwa Baze Company Ltd.

Ati “Twari tuziranye gutyo nk’umukire, nanjye nkora akazi k’ubukarani hafi ye. Ntabwo twari tuziranye byihariye, usibye kuba ari umukire. Yarantumaga, yashobora kumpamagara ati ngwino tujyane cyangwa ukuremo akantu mu modoka.”

Nsengimana mu mwaka ushize nibwo yamenye ko hari sosiyete imwanditseho kandi ko ibereyemo RRA imisoro. Ati “Naje kubimenya ari uko abantu bo muri Revenue baje kunshaka, ubwanjye ndya bingoye, barabinyereka mbona ko ikompanyi ari iyanjye ariko ndababwira nti ntabwo mbizi ntayo ngira.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Ubusanzwe ku munsi hari ubwo mbona bitanu, bitatu cyangwa na bibiri cyangwa rimwe na rimwe nkatahira aho.”

Twabajije Nsengimana uburyo indangamuntu ye yageze kuri Kibyeyi, asubiza ko hari umunsi yigeze kuyimusaba akayifotora ariko ko atigeze amubaza icyo ashaka kuyikoresha.

Ati “Kuko ari umukire, najyaga mubwira nti boss wazampaye akazi, umunsi umwe arambwira ati wazanye indangamuntu, arambwira ati yimpe, arayifotora arangije arayimpereza, ntabwo yambwiye ikindi, naramwubashye nka boss.”

Nyuma yo kubwirwa ko sosiyete imwanditseho, ngo yasabye RRA kumufasha ikava mu mazina ye kuko atigeze ayifunguza.

Umuvugizi w’Umusigire wa RIB, Dr Murangira B. Thierry, yemeje itabwa muri yombi rya Kibyeyi wafashwe tariki ya 11 Mutarama 2021.

Ati “Ubu RIB iri kubikoraho iperereza. Uregwa afungiwe kuri Station ya RIB ya Kimihurura. Akurikiranyweho ibyaha bibiri birimo icyo kwihesha ikintu cy’undi hakoreshejwe uburiganya n’icyaha cyo kwiyitirira umwirondoro.”

Dr Murangira yakomeje avuga ko ubu iperereza rikomeje, ndetse dosiye iri gukorwa aho izashyikirizwa ubushinjacyaha mu gihe cyagenwe n’itegeko.

Icyaha cyo kwihesha ikintu cy’undi hakoreshejwe uburiganya giteganywa n’ingingo ya 144 y’itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Iyo uregwa ahamijwe iki cyaha n’urukiko, afungwa hagati y’imyaka ibiri n’itatu ndetse n’amande ari hagati ya miliyoni eshatu kugera kuri eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Icyo kwiyitirira umwirondoro giteganywa n’ingingo ya 40 mu itegeko ryerekeye gukumira no guhana ibyaha bikoreshwejwe ikoranabuhanga. Iyo uregwa agihamijwe n’urukiko, igihano ni igifungo cy’imyaka itatu kugera kuri itanu n’ihazabu ya miliyoni imwe kugera kuri eshanu.

Kibyeyi yigeze gukurikiranwaho icyaha cyo kunyereza imisoro, dosiye inashyikirizwa Ubushinjacyaha.

RIB yatangaje ko iri gukora iperereza ku bandi bacuruzi bakora uburiganya busa nk’ubu bagamije kunyereza imisoro ya Leta, inatanga inama yo kubireka, ko abazafatwa bazakurikiranwa n’amategeko.

Kibyeyi Valens ni umucuruzi ukomeye w’ibitenge mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Akurikiranyweho kunyereza imisoro ingana na miliyari 10,4 Frw