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Abacengezi bagabaga ibitero ku Rwanda ni abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi biganjemo abari abasirikare mu ngabo zatsinzwe bifuzaga kurangiza umugambi mubisha bari baratangiye.

Ku wa 18 Werurwe 1997, abacengezi bateye Ikigo cy'Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange aho basabye abanyeshuri bahigaga kwitandukanya, Abahutu bakajya ukwabo n'Abatutsi ukwabo.

Abanyeshuri banze kwemera kwitandukanya nk'uko babisabwaga maze abacengezi bicamo abanyeshuri barindwi, abandi 40 bararokoka ariko muri abo barindwi barakomerekejwe.

Aba bana 47 bigaga i Nyange bashyizwe mu ntwari z'igihugu zo mu cyiciro cy'Intwari z'Imena ku wa 12 Nzeri 2001, igihe Intwari z'igihugu zatangazwaga bwa mbere.

Ubuzima mbere y'igitero cy'Abacengezi

Ubundi Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange ribarizwa mu yahoze ari Komini ya Kivumu, Superefegitura ya Birambo, Perefegitura ya Kibuye, ubu ni mu Murenge wa Nyange, Akarere ka Ngororero, Intara y'Iburengerazuba.

Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, mu 1995, ubwo ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo amashuri byatangiraga kongera gukora, iri shuri ryatangiranye n'abanyeshuri bo mu mwaka wa mbere w'ayisumbuye ndetse n'uwa kane [aba bigaga Normale Primaire].

IGIHE yaganiriye na Sindayiheba Phanuel w'imyaka 44, uvuka mu Murenge wa Giheke, Akarere ka Rusizi, umwe bize kuri iri shuri ku ikubitiro ubwo hari mu 1995, ndetse ubwo igitero cy'Abacengezi cyo ku wa 18 Werurwe 1997, cyabaga yari umunyeshuri mu mwaka wa Gatandatu.

I Nyange ni hamwe mu hantu hakorewe Jenoside mu buryo bw'indengakamere kubera ko uretse kwica Abatutsi, uwari Burugumesitiri wa Kivumu, uwari Padiri Mukuru wa Paruwasi Nyange, ndetse n'Umuyobozi wa Polisi muri Komini Kivumu bategetse ko Abatutsi bicirwa mu Kiliziya.

Abaharokokeye bavuga ko Abatutsi bari muri iyo Kiliziya bikingiranye bagerageza kwirwanaho noneho abo bayobozi bahamagaza imodoka ihinga imihanda iva i Gitarama yifashishwa mu kuyihirika igwa ku Batutsi bari bayirimo.

Sindayiheba avuga ko mu gihe batangiraga amashuri byari ibihe bikomeye kuko imibiri y'abiciwe muri iyo kiliziya yari igihari itaranashyingurwa mu cyubahiro neza, ikindi wasangaga mu ishuri harimo ibyiciro bitatu by'abanyeshuri.

Icyiciro cy'abarokotse Jenoside bagifite ibikomere ku mutima no ku mubiri, icy'abafite ababyeyi babo bafungiye gukora Jenoside na bo babaga bafite urwicyekwe ndetse n'icy'abana b'Abanyarwanda bavuye mu mahanga nyuma yo gutahuka mu gihugu.

Ati 'Byari bigoye guhuriza hamwe abo bana kugira ngo bagire ijwi rimwe cyangwa bagire icyerekezo kimwe. Kuri ibyo byose hakiyongera ho i Ngororero hari hegeranye n'Intara y'Amajyaruguru n'igice cy'Uburengerazuba, muri iyo myaka yari yugarijwe n'ibitero by'Abacengezi bateraga bavuye muri RDC bateraga bihishahisha mu mashyamba.'

Yakomeje agira ati 'Uko ni ko twageze i Nyange hameze, mu kuhagera twahasanze ubuyobozi bw'ishuri, inzego z'umutekano n'inzego z'ibanze. Ubwo ni bwo buryo twabayemo i Nyange kugeza mu ijoro ryo ku wa 18 Werurwe.'

Ishuri rya Nyange kugeza muri Werurwe 1997 ryari rifite ibyiciro by'abanyeshuri biga bataha [aba bari batuye hafi aho] ndetse n'abandi bacumbikirwaga mu kigo. Bose hamwe kuva mu wa mbere kugeza mu wa Gatandatu bageraga muri 350.

Sindayiheba avuga ko mu gitero cyo ku wa 18 Werurwe, aribwo bwa mbere bari babonye abacengezi kubera ko n'ubwo bari basanzwe bagaba ibitero mu bice byegeranye, bo bumvaga amasasu avugira kure ntagere kuri iryo shuri ryabo.

Uko byari bimeze muri rya joro….

Wari umugoroba usanzwe nk'indi yose! Abanyeshuri bava mu cyumba bariragamo [Refectoire], nk'uko byari bisanzwe abayobozi bashinzwe imyitwarire banyura mu banyeshuri bose bababwira bati mujye gusubiramo amasomo [Etude].

Ingengabihe yagenderwagaho icyo giye yari ibihembwe bibiri [trimestre] mu mwaka, icyo gihe abanyeshuri bari mu gihembwe cya mbere.

Sindayiheba ati 'Muri iryo joro, byari ahagana saa Mbili z'umugoroba, twari tugiye muri etude twitegura igeragezwa mu isomo ryitwaga Psychologie, hanyuma dutangira twumva urusaku rw'amasasu twumva bisa nk'ibivugira kure, ariko tukabifata nk'ibisanzwe kuko twari tubimenyereye.'

'Kubera ko n'iyo byabagaho byabereye nko ku dusozi tw'aho bitaga Ndaro, bwaracyaga abasirikare ba RDF bakaza kuduhumuriza bakatubwira bati ni abacengezi bari baje kwiba no gusahura inka, twabamenesheje bagiye.'

Muri kiriya gihe, i Nyange nta muhanda ujyayo wari uhari, amashanyarazi byari ugukoresha moteri itanga umuriro ugasanga bacanye itara rimwe ryo mu ishuri ku buryo hanze habaga ari umwijima.

Ishuri ryigagamo abo mu mwaka wa Gatandatu [ryigagamo abanyeshuri 24 ariko bari 18 kuko bamwe bigaga bataha], ryari ryitaruye andi ariko ryegeranye n'ahakoreraga ubuyobozi bw'ishuri ku buryo ubwo abacengezi binjiraga muri iryo shuri abari mu yandi mashuri batigeze bamenya ko hari icyabaye.

Sindayiheba nk'umuntu wari ufite hafi imyaka 20 muri icyo gihe avuga ko 'Mbona mu ishuri ryacu hinjiye abantu batatu bambaye imyenda y'igisirikare, bariya basirikare bari ab'ingabo za Habyarimana, ugasanga hejuru yambaye igikoti cya gisirikare hasi bambaye ipantalo y'ikoboyi.'

Yakomeje agira ati 'Icyo bari bahuriyeho ni uko bari bafite imbunda kandi bigaragara ko harimo n'amasasu ahagije. Mu kwinjira rero, bafunguye urugi [hari uwari mukuru muri bo afite n'inkota], wa wundi wari mukuru muri bo ahita atubaza niba tumuzi, akoresha Igifaransa ariko kitari na cyiza cyane ati 'Est que vous me connais?, nuko natwe turahakana duti oya. Ati 'Vous allez mon voire', bivuze ngo 'Mugiye kumbona.''

Muri ako kanya abanyeshuri bose bari bamaze kurambarara hasi abenshi bihishe munsi y'intebe, ubwoba bwabatashye abari basigaye babasha kuvuga cyangwa kwikiriza ibyavugwaga n'aba bacengezi bari mbarwa.

Sindayiheba avuga ko uwo mucengezi yahise ababwira ngo nibamworohereza akazi nta kibazo bagira. Icyo gihe buri wese yibazaga ikiri bukurikireho.

Ati 'Hanyuma yerekana uruhande rw'ibumoso ati Abatutsi mujye hariya, yerekana iburyo ati Abahuti mujye hariya. Ako kanya habayeho umwanya nakwita nk'umunota wo gutuza, hashize akanya umukobwa witwaga Mujawamahoro Chantal [Aruhukire mu mahoro], aravuga ngo 'Nta Muhutu uri hano nta n'Umututis uri hano, twese turi Abanyarwanda'.'

Byumvikane neza, amateka mabi y'ivanguramoko ryazanywe n'ubutegetsi bwateguye bukanashyira mu bikorwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, abanyeshuri bari bayazi kuko bari bafite imyaka ibarirwa muri 17-22. Ni ukuvuga ngo buri wese yari azi ubwoko bwe hagendewe ku moko yakoreshwaga ku butegetsi bwa mbere ya Jenoside.

Sindayiheba ni umwe mu barokotse igitero cy’Abacengezi cyo ku wa 18 Werurwe 1997, amasasu na grenade yatewe mu rutugu byamusigiye ubumuga

Sindayiheba avuga ko abantu bose babaye nk'abatunguwe na Mujawamahoro wahise ababimburira akavuga ko nta Muhutu cyangwa Umututsi uhari.

Ati 'Mu mutima wanjye narimo nibaza nti ese ninde uraza kwigaragaza ko ari Umuhutu cyangwa Umututsi… Abacengezi baratunguwe cyane bategereza ko hagira uhaguruka bamubura barangije barasohoka batera gerenade ebyiri mu ishuri ryacu bazinyujije mu idirishya ry'ahantu nicaraga.'

Yakomeje agira ati 'Iya mbere yakomerekeje Urimubenshi Emmanuel, Nkunduwera Angelique n'abandi. Iya kabiri ninjye yaguye mu mugongo irankomeretsa, undi wari hirya yanjye witwa Bavakure Cesar, Mukanyangezi Dative n'abandi bagenda bakomeretswa n'ibishashi byazo.'

Avuga ko nyuma yo gutera izo gerenade mu ishuri, abacengezi bongeye baragaruka basubiramo ya magambo ya mbere y'uko Abahutu bajya uruhande rumwe n'Abatutsi bakajya mu rundi.

Kuri iyo nshuro noneho, uwitwa Bizimana Sylvestre yahise abasubiza ati 'Erega twababwiye ko nta Muhutu uri hano nta n'Umututsi. Twese turi Abanyarwanda.'

Bizimana yamaze kuvuga ayo magambo bahita bamurasa amasasu menshi mu mpyiko [ntabwo yahise apfa ako kanya ahubwo yaje kugwa ku bitaro i Kabgayi], barasa uwitwa Mujawamahoro Chantal, Mukambaraga Béatrice n'abandi bose, abacengezi bagenda babarasa umwe kuri umwe.

Sindayiheba we avuga ko bamugezeho yamaze kunanirwa kubera gutwikwa na gerenade noneho bamurasa amasasu menshi mu rutugu rw'ibumoso [ubu afite ubumuga], ariko ntabwo yapfuye.

Abo bacengezi bamaze kubona ko abanyeshuri bose bo mu wa Gatandatu bameze nk'abapfuye [hari harimo abapfuye, abandi barashwe bagwa igihumure], bahise basohoka bajya mu ishuri ryo mu mwaka wa Gatanu.

Bageze muri iryo shuri naho bakora nk'ibyo bakoze mu wa Gatandatu, ariko abo mu wa Gatanu babyamaganira kure kuko ho basanze bamaze no gusenga.

Sindayigaya ati 'Mu gihe twe baduhaye amahitamo 'mabi', mu wa Gatanu ho barababwiye ngo turabizi ko hano harimo Abatutsi ni bajye hariya ukwabo.'

Aba banyeshuri bo mu wa Gatanu na bo bababereye ibamba banga kwivangura ndetse uwari amaze gusomera bagenzi be ijambo ry'Imana rivuga ko nta cyatandukanya abantu n'urukundo rw'Imana, ahita ababwira ko nta Muhutu n'Umututsi bari muri iryo shuri.

Muri iryo shuri ntibahatinze, bahise batangira kurasa abanyeshuri na bo bahita bagerageza gusohoka ari nabwo abo mu yandi mashuri bahise bumva urusaku rw'amasasu barasohoka bose birukanka ku misozi no mu mashyamba biza kurangira bamwe bahuye n'abasirikare ba RDF baza gutabara.

Abasirikare ba RDF bahageze bahise bafatanya n'inzego z'ibanze batanga ubufasha bw'ibanze ku bakomeretse gahoro, abakomeretse cyane bajyanwa ku Bitaro bya Kabgayi kuvurirwayo.

Abo banyeshuri bo mu mwaka wa Gatanu n'uwa Gatandatu bose banze kwitandukanya, baje kugirwa Intwari zo mu cyiciro cy'Imena.

Muri izo Ntwari z'Imena ubu abariho ni 39 nyuma y'uko ku ikubitiro batandatu baguye muri icyo gitero, umwe yitaba Imana muri Nyakanga 2001 azize ibikomere yatewe n'icyo gitero cy'abacengezi mu gihe undi yitabye Imana mu 2018 azize indwara.

Intwari 39 zikiriho, inyinshi zagize amahirwe yo gukomeza amashuri ya Kaminuza, ubu bakaba bakora imirimo inyuranye hirya no hino mu gihugu.

Sindayiheba yari afite imyaka 20 y’amavuko, yigaga mu mwaka wa Gatandatu w’amashuri yisumbuye ubwo Abacengezi bagabaga igitero mu Ishuri rya Nyange

Ku wa 18 Werurwe 1997 ni bwo abacengezi bateye Ikigo cy'Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange

Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange ribarizwa mu Murenge wa Nyange mu Karere ka Ngororero

Abigaga muri iri shuri banze kwitandukanya bashimangira ko ari Abanyarwanda

Ibi uyu muryango wabikoze binyuze mu bukangurambaga bugamije gukangurira Abanyarwanda cyane cyane urubyiruko gukoresha agakingirizo mu kwirinda indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Ubu bukangurambaga bwakozwe mu cyumweru cyahariwe ubukangurambaga ku gakingirizo ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y'Ubuzima, Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubuzima, RBC, USAID, Intrahealth International na Society for Family Health.

Abagize Community Health Boosters bakoze ubu bukangurambaga bifashishije imbuga nkoranyambaga, radiyo ndetse na television, aho bwari bufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti 'Koresha Agakingirizo, Wirinde'.

Uretse kuba urubyiruko rwaragarijwe ko agakingirizo karufasha mu kwirinda indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina rwaneretswe ko ari bumwe mu buryo bwakoreshwa mu kwirinda inda zitateganyijwe.

Ku wa 13 Gashyantare 2021 ubwo hasozwaga iki cy'umweru ngarukamwaka cyahariwe ubukangurambaga ku ikoreshwa ry'agakingirizo ari nawo munsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe agakingirizo, Umuryango Community Health Boosters watanze udukingirizo mu mashami atandukanye ya Kaminuza y'u Rwanda.

Mu Ishami rya Remera hatanzwe utugera udusaga 8700 muri IPRC Kigali hatangwa 3 200, mu Ishami rya Huye hatangwa 3 000 mu gihe utundi 7000 twatanzwe mu kigo cy'urubwiruko cy'Akarere ka Musanze.

Umuyobozi wa Community Health Boosters Anaclet Ahishakiye yavuze ko umuryango ayobora ufite intego yo kurwanya inda zitateganyijwe n'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina akaba ari nayo mpamvu wahisemo igikorwa cyo gutanga udukingirizo mu rubyiruko.

Ati 'Umuryango Community Health Boosters waje ugamije gukemura ibibazo by'inda zitateganyijwe n'ubwandu bwa SIDA, bikaba byaragaragaye ko agakingirizo aribwo buryo bwonyine bwarinda ibyo byombi ariyo mpamvu twashyizemo imbaraga mu kuzamura imyumvire ku ikoreshwa ry'agakingirizo.'

Buri mwaka Umuryango Community Health Boosters ugira icyumweru cyahariwe ubukangurambaga mu ikoreshwa ry'agakingirizo, aho ukimara ukora ubukangurambaga mu bantu batandukanye cyane cyane urubyiruko, rusobanurirwa ibyiza byo gukoresha agakingirizo no kwirinda inda zitateguwe n'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Utu dukingirizo twatanzwe kugira ngo dufashe urubyiruko gukomeza kwirinda indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina

Udukingirizo twatanzwe twose hamwe ni ibihumbi 27

Iyo mibiri yatangiye kuboneka ku wa 12 Gashyantare 2021 ubwo abahinzi bahingaga mu murima wa Diyoseze ya Kabgayi uri mu Mudugudu wa Kamazuru mu Kagari ka Gahogo.

Abahinzi ni bo bayibonye bwa mbere bahita babimenyesha Ubuyobozi bwa Diyoseze ya Kabgayi, Ibuka n'inzego z'ibanze.

Perezida wa Ibuka mu Karere ka Muhanga, Rudasingwa Jean Bosco, yabwiye IGIHE ko aho iyo mibiri ari ahantu hari harahungiye Abatutsi benshi muri Jenoside.

Ati 'Bamaze kubitumenyesha igikorwa cyo gushakisha kirakomeza, ubu hamaze kuboneka imibiri igera kuri 57. Uyu munsi twashakishije ngo turebe ako aho twari twakuye iyo hari indi, ariko ntitwashobora kugira iyo tubona.'

'Ariko kubera ko aho hantu yakuwe ari ahantu hari harahungiye Abatutsi benshi bahigwaga muri Jenoside no mu minsi iza tuzakomeza ibikorwa byo gushakisha kuko mu nkengero z'aho hari abantu benshi bahiciwe.'

Yakomeje avuga ko impamvu bari barahahimbye kuri CND ariko uko mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatusi hahungiye Abatutsi benshi noneho Interahamwe zihahimba gutyo zihagereranye no kuri CND [ahari Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ku Kimihurura] i Kigali ahabaga Inkotanyi.

Kugeza ubu imibiri yamaze kuboneka yajyanywe ku Murenge wa Nyamabuye kugira ngo hategurwe neza uko izashyingurwa mu cyubahiro.

Rudasingwa yashimiye abatanze amakuru y'uko babonye iyo mibiri, asaba n'abandi baba bayafite kuyatanga kugira ngo hamenyekane aho Abatutsi bagiye bicirwa n'aho bashyizwe.

Yibukije ko umuntu utanze amakuru aba agize neza kandi ntawe uzabimuryoza amushinja ko ari we wishe abo bantu.

Aho i Kabgayi hari harahungiye Abatutsi bagera ku bihumbi 50 bari baturutse muri Perefegitura ya Gitarama na Gisenyi ndetse no mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Inkotanyi zabohoye Kabgayi ku itariki ya 2 kamena 1994 zirokora bamwe mu Batutsi bari basigaye bataricwa.

I Muhanga habonetse imibiri 57 y'abiciwe ahitwaga kuri CND muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi

Imibiri yabonetse mu cyobo mu isambu ya Diyoseze ya Kabgayi

Imibiri yatangiye kuboneka ku wa 12 Gashyantare 2021 ubwo abahinzi bahingaga mu murima wa Diyoseze

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Bizimungu utuye mu Murenge wa Rongi, Akagari ka Gifurwe, avuga ko yagize igitekerezo nyuma y'uko abonye umuturage wo mu Karere ka Ngororero wakoze urugomero agacanira abaturage, bakabasha gushyira umuriro muri batiri bakoresha mu buzima busanzwe.

Ibi byamuteye ishyaka ryo kumwigana, maze ahavana igitekerezo cyo kuzabikora mu mudugudu atuyemo cyane ko we n'abaturanyi be bakoraga urugendo rurerure bajya gushyira umuriro muri telefoni zabo.

Uyu mugabo ufite imyaka 47 yavuze ko byamutwaye imyaka ibiri kugira ngo abashe gukusanya amafaranga yo kugura ibikoresho byo kubakisha urugomero, birimo imashini n'amatiyo avana amazi mu mugezi akayageza aho imashini iteretse kugira ngo ibashe kuyakaraga avemo umuriro.

Amafaranga yo kugura ibikoresho Bizimungu yayakuye mu mwuga w'ubuhinzi, aho avuga ko yakoze umushinga wo guhinga amatunda wamufashije kubona ubushobozi bwo kugura imashini ya Kilowati 7 (Kw7) ubu yifashishwa mu kugeza amashanyarazi ku baturage.

Yagize ati 'Naraje nkora umushinga w'amatunda, amaze kwera, nkuramo amafaranga ngura imashini ya 'Alternateur' y'ibihumbi 350 Frw, ndaza ndabikora mbona baracuranze, bashyizeho amaradiyo manini, bashyizeho indangururamajwi, mbona biremeye.'

Bizimungu avuga ko abasha gushyira umuriro mu nzu z'abaturage akabacanira, aho avuga ko bishakira insinga akabashyiriramo umuriro maze buri muturage awuhaye akamwishyura 1000 Frw ku kwezi, ubu akaba acanira abari hagati ya 40 na 60.

Yavuze ko nubwo yabashije guha abaturage umuriro, ahura n'imbogamizi zirimo inkuba cyangwa umuyaga mwinshi uca insinga z'amashanyarazi kubera ko zidakomeye.

Agira ati 'Nahuye n'imbogambizi y'inkuba yagiye insubiza inyuma, […] iramanuka mu nsinga, kubera ko ziba zidafashe cyangwa se wenda ziba zidapfutse, ikinjiramo ikajya muri bobine y'imashini ikayitwika.'

Uyu muturage avuga ko bibaye byiza yafashwa guhabwa imashini nziza igezweho, n'insinga nziza zifite ubuziranenge, agahabwa n'imirindankuba.

Ibi ariko bisa nk'ibitazashoboka, kuko ubwo umuyobozi wa Sosiyete y'Igihugu ishinzwe Ingufu, REG, Ron Weiss, yasuraga uyu muturage yavuze ko ari byiza kugira igitekerezo nk'icyo ariko agaragaza ko uburyo bw'ingomero butakigezweho bityo REG ikaba igiye gushyira imbaraga mu mushinga wo kugeza umuriro ufite ingufu mu tugari harimo n'ako uyu muturage atuyemo.

Uyu mugabo afite imashini zitanga amashanyarazi

Aherutse gusurwa n’Ubuyobozi Bukuru bwa REG

Uyu ni wo mugezi uturukamo amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi

Uyu mugabo aricanira, agacanira n’abaturanyi

Amafoto: Innocent Shema