Raporo y'Umuryango uharanira uburyo bwo kwishyurana no guhererekanya amafaranga bukoresheje ikoranabuhanga muri Afurika, AfricaNenda Foundation, igaragaza ko muri Afurika kugeza ubu hari uburyo (IPS) 36 bw'ikoranabuhanga bukoreshwa mu bihugu 31 byo muri Afurika.
Iyo raporo igaragaza ko mu 2024, umubare w'ibikorwa byo kwishyura cyangwa kohererezanya amafaranga byakorewe kuri ubwo buryo urenga miliyari 64,6, ndetse hanyuzwaho amafaranga arenga miliyari 1.981$.
Ni mu gihe imibare y'iyi raporo yo 2020 igaragaza ko muri Afurika umubare w'ibikorwa byo kwishyura cyangwa kohererezanya amafaranga byakorewe ku buryo bwose bwari buhari urenga miliyari 19,7. Hanyuzwaho arenga miliyari 776$.
IPS ni bumwe mu buryo bworoshye bwagiye butangizwa muri Afurika hirya no hino hagamijwe kugabanyiriza imvune abakenera serivisi z'imari, aho mbere kwishyura byasabaga ko ushyira amafaranga uwo ugiye kwishyura, kubitsa cyangwa kubikuza bigasaba ko ujya kuri banki cyangwa ku kigo cy'imari.
Ni ibintu byasaga n'ibigoye ndetse bwatwaraga igihe kirekire, gusa uko iterambere ryagiye ryiyongera ibigo by'imari byagiye bishyiraho uburyo butandukanye bwo guhererekanya amafaranga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.
Uko ni uko havutse Mobile Money, application za telefone ndetse n'uburyo bwa USSD byose bifasha mu guhererekanya amafaranga.
Icyakora n'ubwo ibyo byakemuye ikibazo kimwe cyo kwirinda ingendo za hato na hato zo kugira ngo ihererekanya ry'amafaranga rikorwe, ariko ryazanye n'ikindi kibazo cy'uburyo bwinshi bw'ikoranabuhanga bwo guhererekanya amafaranga, kuko buri kigo cy'imari cyashyizeho uburyo bwacyo bwo guhererekanya amafaranga.
Mu kubikemura ibigo bitandukanye bifite icyo bihuriyeho nk'amabanki, ibigo by'itumanaho n'ibindi byagiye bishaka uko byakorana ukaba wakura amafaranga kuri banki imwe ukayohereza ku yindi banki n'ibigo bikoresha mobile money bikagenda uko.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wungirije wa AfricaNenda Foundation, Sabine F. Mensah, yagaragaje ko muri Afurika uburyo bwo guhererekanya amafaranga no kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bigeze ku rwego rushimishije.
Ati 'Hari umuvuduko ukomeje kwiyongera mu bijyanye no kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga kuko nka hagati ya 2024 na 2025, hatangijwe uburyo bushya butanu bwo kwishyurana. Uyu ni wo mubare munini w'uburyo bushya bwatangiye gukora mu mwaka umwe kuva twatangira gukurikirana ibijyanye n'uburyo bwo kwishyurana muri Afurika.'
Mensah yagaragaje ko n'ubwo hari ibyo kwishimira ariko muri Afurika hakiri abaturage barenga miliyoni 400 bagikoresha uburyo gakondo bwo guhererekanya amafaranga, no kuyabika.
Ati 'Ibyo biterwa ahanini n'uko hari ibihugu bitaratangira gukoresha ubu buryo bugezweho bwo kwishyurana. Ikindi kibazo guhari kandi n'aho buhari usanga bukiri bwinshi mbese badakoresha uburyo buhuza imiyoboro myinshi. Niba tuvuga ko uburyo 18 muri 36 ari ubuhuza ibigo byinshi bivuze ko hari ubundi 18 butaragera kuri icyo kigero kandi niyo ntego yacu.'
Mu Rwanda baragikemuye
Ku wa 14 Nyakanga 2026 ni bwo u Rwanda rwatangiye gukoresha uburyo bushya bwo kwishyurana bwihuta kandi buhuriweho n'ibigo by'imari bitandukanye bwiswe eKash.
eKash ni buryo bushya bwo kwishyurana bwihuta kandi buhuriweho n'ibigo by'imari bitandukanye, butuma abakiliya bashobora kohereza no kwakira amafaranga ndetse bagakora ubwishyu hagati y'ibigo by'imari byahawe uruhushya rwo gukora, bityo servisi zo kwishyurana zikarushaho kuboneka, mu buryo bwizewe, ku giciro gihendutse kandi zikagera kuri buri wese.
Ni uburyo bwitabiriwe cyane ku buryo ku wa 6 Kanama 2026 umubare w'ibikorwa byo kwishyura cyangwa kohererezanya amafaranga byakorewe kuri eKash byarengaga miliyoni 10,5, hanyuzwaho amafaranga arenga miliyari 960 Frw, ndetse abayobotse kwishyurana hagati y'ibigo by'imari biyongeraho 166%.
Umusesenguzi mu by'ubukungu, Teddy Kaberuka, yagaragaje ko kuba abaturage bitabira gukoresha serivisi z'ikoranabuhanga mu guhererekaya amafaranga no kwishyurana bituma n'igihugu kigabanya amafaranga cyatakazaga mu gukora amafaranga.
Ati 'Kwishyurana hakoreshejwe inoti n'ibiceri buriya birahenze kuko ubundi kugira ngo ukore amafaranga wishyura 20% y'amafaranga ugiye gukora. Gusa iyo ukoresha uburyo bw'ikoranabuhanga icyo kiguzi ntacyo ukenera kuko ukora amafaranga make.'
Akomeza ati 'Ikindi cyo gukoresha uburyo bwo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ni uko bituma habaho ibikorwa byinshi byo guhererekanya amafaranga (liquidity flow) bigateza imbere ubukungu kuko serivisi zidahagarara kandi zigakorwa ari nyinshi mu gihe gito.'
Akomeza agaragaza ko ikintu cyonyine gikwiye kwitabwaho ari kumenya kurinda umutekano w'amafaranga y'abaturage aca muri izo nzira z'ikoranabuhanga ndetse no kwigisha abaturage kwirinda abatubuzi.
Ubushakashatsi bwa FinScope 2024 bwagaragaje ko Abanyarwanda bagera kuri 96% bagerwaho na serivisi z'imari.
AfricaNenda ni ihuriro ry'abahanga biyeguriye gukoresha ikoranabuhanga hagamijwe kwihutisha uburyo bwo kwishyurana no guhererekanya amafaranga muri Afurika. Itanga amahugurwa ku bikorera n'abakozi ba za leta agamije kubungura ubumenyi muri uru rwego.
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