Muri iyi nkuru, umwanditsi atangira agerageza gupfobya akamaro abo basirikare bagize muri urwo rugamba, akagira ati “Nta gushidikanya ko hari Abanyarwanda bari mu barwanyi ba NRA, nk’uko hari harimo Abagande batandukanye baturuka mu moko atandukanye.”
Bisa nk’aho uyu mwanditsi yiteguye gupfobya ibitambo by’abantu benshi baguye ku rugamba, barimo impunzi z’Abanyarwanda n’Abagande basanzwe, ndetse akanapfobya ababyeyi bohereje abahungu n’abakobwa babo ku rugamba, kuko bizeraga ko ariyo nzira yonyine yabageza ku kubohoza igihugu cyabo, ndetse ku Banyarwanda, igashyira iherezo ku ihohoterwa bakorerwaga. Benshi barapfuye kandi ntibazongera kubabona ukundi.
Ikibabaje ariko, ni uko abantu bungukiye muri ibyo bitambo, ari bo bafata iya mbere mu gusebya ububabare bw’ababuze ababo bakundaga, bakanatesha agaciro abapfuye. Ni ubwibone gutesha agaciro mu buryo budasobanutse umusanzu w’abasirikare bato, baba bazwiho kugira ubutwari n’umuhate ku rugamba.
Mu by’ukuri, mbere na nyuma yo gufatwa kwa Kampala, batayo za 1, 7, 11, 13, 19, n’iya 35 zari zigizwe ahanini n’Abanyarwanda bigaragara ko “Bagomba kuba bararwanye mu buryo butazwi,” kuko abategetsi i Kampala ubu bahisemo kubibuka.
Ntabwo birengagiza gusa abasirikare bato, ahubwo n’abayobozi babo barirengagizwa. “Nk’ubu se abo barwanyi bakaze b’Abanyarwanda bari muri NRA, bakaba mu myanya myiza y’ubuyobozi uwo Museveni yagenderagaho, ni abahe?”
Mu biganiro n’abarwanyi batanu bari kumwe na NRA ku rugamba mu 1981, natunguwe n’uburyo bashobora kwibuka mu buryo bworoshye, bitabaye ngombwa ko basubira mu nyandiko, abarwanyi 80 b’Abanyarwanda bari mu bayobozi bakuru mu ntambara ya NRA.
Abo barwanyi bagarutse ku nkuru z’uburyo bagenzi babo bari indwanyi zikomeye bakiriho, ndetse banibuka abaguye ku rugamba bari kurwanira NRA, ari nako basobanura uburyo abo barwanyi batabarutse bari ku ruhembe rw’umuheto.
Ikindi kandi, bavuze ko bumva bafite inshingano zo kwibutsa ubutegetsi bw’i Kampala ubutwari bw’abo barwanyi, kuko basa nk’abibagiwe uruhare bagize kugira ngo Museveni agere ku butegetsi.
“Urifuza kumenya abasirikare bakuru b’Abanyarwanda bari muri NRA, cyangwa urifuza kumenya abari mu nzego nkuru gusa?”, umwe mu barwanye mu ntambara ya NRA ndetse n’iya APR, kuri ubu wamaze kujya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, yarambajije, mbere y’uko atangira kurondora abo basirikare bakuru barimo LT Col Adam Wasswa, Major Chris Bunyenyezi, Major Stephen Ndungutse na Major Sam Kaka, wari Umuyobozi w’Urwego Rushinzwe Imyitwarire mu Gisirikare.
Yarongeye ati “Ntibakwibagirwa Captain Ndamage. Yayoboye batayo eshatu aza kwicwa n’umwanzi i Gulu”, mbere y’uko atangira gusobanura ubutwari bwaranze Abanyarwanda muri ntambara ya NRA.
Ahagana ku mugoroba, nahuye n’undi murwanyi nawe watunguwe n’uburyo inzego z’ubutegetsi za Kampala zitibuka abasirikare bakuru b’Abanyarwanda.
Yaribajije ati “Ntibibuka abasirikare bakuru [bari muri NRA]?”, mbere y’uko nawe arondora amazina y’abo basirikare bakuru ndetse na batayo bari barimo muri NRA. Abo basirikare barimo Captain Tadeo Gashugi, wari muri batayo ya cyenda, Dodo Twahirwa, wari muri batayo ya 21, Mico Edison wari muri batayo ya 35, Wilson Bagire wari muri batayo ya 13, Edward Karangwa wari muri batayo ya 95, Sam Byaruhanga wari muri batayo ya gatandatu, Wahabu wari muri batayo ya 55 na Lt. Fred Nyamurangwa wari Umuyobozi wa batayo ya 27.
Si abo gusa kandi, kuko muri ibyo biganiro, undi musirikare warwanye intambara ya NRA, yarondoye abarimo Cyiza Willex, Boniface Bitamazire, Thadeo Gashumba, John Gashumba, Vedaste Kayitare, Paul Katabarwa, Fred Maregenya, John Gashugi, Emmanuel Kanamugire, Matayo Twagirumukiza, Nathan Ngumbayingwe, n’abandi benshi Kampala yirengagije.
Nyuma y’ibyo biganiro, nasohotse numva ko iyo nza kuba navuganye n’abasirikare 10 bahoze muri NRA, urutonde rw’abasirikare b’Abanyarwanda bari muri NRA rwari kugera ku 100, n’ubwo ubutegetsi buvuga ko “Batazwi”.
Kwibagirwa ni ikintu kimwe, bikaba ikindi kuvuga ko abasirikare b’Abanyarwanda bakugejeje ku butegetsi baje urugamba rwenda kurangira. Ariko ibaze igisirikare cyazamura mu ntera abasirikare bashya, bageze ku rugamba rwenda kurangira, aho guhitamo mu basirikare bafite uburambe.
Icy’ukuri rero, ni uko aba basirikare babaye abayobozi kuko bari bafite ubushobozi ku rugamba. Uruhande rwa Uganda ntirwanagize ikimwaro cyo kwirengagiza Col Charles Musitu wabanye nabo kuva muri za 1970 muri za Fronasa. Niba rero baramwibagiwe, byaba ari ikibazo cy’uburwayi bwo kwibagirwa bwanatuma batibuka uwafashe Kampala, nk’uko tugiye kubireba.
Ibaze Leta ifite inyota yo kwirengagiza uruhare rw’abarwanyi bayigejeje ku butegetsi, ku buryo bavuga ko Abanyarwanda bageze ku mapeti nka Colonel, Major na Captain mu 1986 ari bwo bari bakinjira mu gisirikare. Ese ubundi ni ikihe gisirikare cyemerera abantu bakinjira mu ngabo kugira amapeti nka Colonel, cyangwa wenda Abanyarwanda bari bafite umwihariko tutazi?
Birumvikana ko impamvu bageze kuri izo nzego zose ari uko bari abarwanyi bashoboye urugamba, bidatewe gusa n’uko bari Abanyarwanda. Ntibigeze bazamurwa n’ubwoko bwabo nk’uko byagendaga kuri bamwe.
Ni gute bakwibagirwa ubutwari bwa Captain Ngoga wari uyoboye igitero cyafashe Kololo Summit View, yaje kuba ingirakamaro cyane kuko abasirikare ba Leta bari kuri uyu musozi bahungabanyije cyane ingabo za NRA zari muri batayo ya 1 n’iya 7 zarimo ziva kuri Clock Tower zigana mu mujyi rwagati gufata Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ndetse na Radio ya Uganda?
Ni nyuma y’iki gikorwa cy’Umunyarwanda, cyatumye ingabo za NRA zishobora gufata umujyi wa Kampala. Ni ibintu bitakwibagirana gutyo gusa.
Ni inde wakwibagirwa igitero cyo mu 1984 i Singo, cyendaga guhitana Gen David Tinyefunza n’abandi bayobozi b’ingabo muri NRA, barimo Gen Henry Tumukunde, ubwo itsinda rito ry’Abanyarwanda, barimo Kangaho na Gatsinzi bazaga kubatabara?
Tinyefunza yari Umuyobozi w’Ubutasi akaba ari nawe wari wasigaye ayoboye ibiro bya NRA i Singo na Sick Bay. Muri Sick Bay hari Tumukunde wari warashwe mu kuguru, ndetse n’abandi bayobozi b’ingabo bagizwe abanyabitangaza mu mwanya w’Abanyarwanda. Uretse itsinda rito ryari ku biro bikuru, abandi bari bagiye kurwana i Hoima.
Tinyefunza yakiriye amakuru y’igitero gikomeye cy’umwanzi ku Biro Bikuru, ayashingiraho afata umwanzuro wo kwimura ibiro n’ivuriro ry’abasirikare abikura i Singo. Mu nzira agenda ari kumwe n’ingabo ze n’ibyo avurisha, baguye mu gico cy’umwanzi. Muri icyo gihe, ubwo ubuzima bw’abo barwanyi bwari mu kaga, haje agatsiko k’Abanyarwanda babyivangamo, barwana baca intege umwanzi baramutsimbura.
Ikibabaje ni uko nyuma y’aho, abo basirikare b’abanyamurava bagiye bicirwa mu mirwano itandukanye.
Nka Gatsinzi yaguye muri Gulu mu gihe Kangaho yaguye i Birembo hafi ya Kabamba muri Mubende, nabwo apfa ari gukora iyo bwabaga kugira ngo asubize inyuma umwanzi wari ufite mashinigani, yazonze ingabo za NRA ku rwego rukomeye.
Byari nyuma gato yo kugaba igitero kuri Kambanda II, ubwo rwari rwambikanye hagati ya NRA na UNLF (ingabo za Leta). Ibi byose byumvikanisha ko aba barwanyi bari intarumikwa, ku buryo ubutegetsi bwa Kampala butakabaye buri kubirengagiza buvuga ko “bagombaga kurwana hatamenyekanye abo bari bo”.
Abagasuzuguwe ni aba batagira isoni batesha agaciro abakiriho aho kugatesha bene wabo bapfuye. Birengagije yewe ko hari n’ubwo baririmbye “indirimbo y’agahinda baha icyubahiro abo bagenzi babo b’abanyamurava bapfuye bari kumwe ku rugamba,” nka Nyakwigendera Rwamukaga na Kangaho.
Ubwo urugamba rwari rushyushye n’Abanyamurava b’Abanyarwanda nka Kangaho bari kwicwa n’umwanzi, Museveni yahungiye muri Suède. No muri uko guhunga kwe, ni Abanyarwanda bari bamurinze.
”Twamunyujije muri Kiwanguzi tumurinze, Mpora, Mabira mpaka ku Kiyaga cya Victoria” aho yafashe ubwato bumujyana muri Kenya maze agahita yerekeza muri Suède.
Tumwine yabaye mu ivuriro rya gisirikare kuva mu 1981 nyuma yo kuraswa mu jisho ari i Kabamba, mu 1983 ahungishirizwa i Nairobi aba ari naho avurizwa. Mu gitabo kigaruka ku buzima bwe yise “Abarwanyi: Inkuru y’intambara mu ishyamba n’itangazamakuru muri Uganda,” umunyamakuru wa NRA, William Pike, ahishura uburyo Tumwine yabaye i Nairobi kuva mu 1983 kugeza mu 1986 ubwo intambara yari irangiye na Museveni amaze kuba Perezida wa Uganda.
Ku rundi ruhande, Tumwine yagarutse aje gufata umwanya w’Umugaba w’Ingabo wahoze urimo Fred Rwigema muri icyo gihe cyose cy’intambara ndetse akabyitwaramo neza, n’ubwo we [Rwigema] yari agifatwa nk’Umugaba Wungirije muri iyo ntambara yose.
Nko kuri Rwigema, niba baha agaciro umusanzu we, abanditsi bashoboraga gutangira bagaragaza ko bazirikana uburyo mu 1980, yarokoye Museveni mu rupfu ubwo yari mu maboko y’abasirikare ba Obote kuri bariyeri y’ahitwa Kireka.
No muri iyi nkuru, nk’uko babikoze inshuro nyinshi, Janet Museveni agerageza gutwerera ubutwari bwa Rwigema kuri Salim Saleh (nk’uko biri mu Gitabo cye yise “My Life’s Journey” kuri paji ya 106).
Ibi ariko binyomozwa na Muhoozi Kainerugaba [umwana wa Museveni] wibuka ibyo yanyuzemo ku myaka itandatu, [agahamya ko] Rwigema ari we wabaye intwari y’uwo munsi. (Gen Muhoozi Kainerugaba yibuka ko yari hafi gupfa).
Janet yari umugore ukuze ubwo umugabo we yarokorwaga urupfu ariko ubwonko bw’umwana w’imyaka itandatu, bwibuka neza nta guca ku ruhande ibyabaye kuri uwo munsi.
Iyo baba bashima umusanzu wa Rwigema, aho kumukoresha mu icengezamatwara bari kumushimira nk’umuntu bakesha ubuzima; kuko nta muntu uzirikana wakwibagirwa ibihe yanyuzemo ubwo yari hafi y’urupfu.
Icyiyongeraho, bashoboraga kwemera ko yari Umugaba w’Ingabo wa NRA mu rugamba rwose, kuko igihe kinini Museveni yari hanze n’umugore we n’abana bari muri Suède.
Intambara ya NRA itandukanye n’iya RPA
Ukwirengagiza k’umwanditsi kugaragarira muri iyi nyandiko, ivuga ko “Mu 1991, izi mbaraga zitagaragara za NRA, zatangije igitero ku Rwanda aho Rwigema wafatwaga nk’intwari yishwe ku munsi wa mbere w’urugamba.’’
Iyo abasirikare bakuru ba RPF baba abanyantege nke mu gutangiza ‘igitero’, NRA yo yari imeze ite ku buryo igaba igitero ku birindiro bya Kabamba, n’intwaro 27 bahanganye n’ingabo zikomeye, mu gitero cy’aho Elly Tumwime yakomerekeyemo? Urebye aho hantu, wasanga Singo ari ahantu h’umurambi nka Mutara.
Ukwisuganya kwa RPA kwari gufite intego yihariye. Urugamba rwa RPA rwo kubohora igihugu rwari rukomeye cyane kurusha urwa NRA kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Imwe ni uko mu gihe intambara ya Luwero yari igizwe n’uduteroshuma, kandi tukagabwa ahantu hizwe neza, bigaragara ko habereye kurasana.
Nyamara mu ntambara ya RPA, ingamba zari nyinshi kubera ko yari intambara yeruye, yiyongeraho ko “Twarwanyaga umwanzi wahabwaga ubufasha n’ingabo z’amahanga, [zirimo] Abafaransa, Ababiligi, AbanyA-Zaïre ndetse bamwe muri bo bafatiwe ku irasaniro.’’
Mu yandi magambo, RPA ntiyarwanaga n’igisirikare wavuga ko cyaciwe intege, kidahembwa cyangwa kitifitiye icyizere. Rwari urugamba rukomeye rw’aho ingabo zarwanaga n’izindi kugeza intsinzi ibonetse.
Intamenyekana zizakumburwa iteka
Intumwa ya Uganda yigeze kwandika iti “Nananiwe kumenya umuhate udasanzwe w’Abanyarwanda bari muri NRA, bigaragara ko bagomba kuba bararwanye mu ibanga rikomeye.’’
Rero ntiwavuga ko Abanyarwanda bavuye muri Uganda mu 1990 bari abantu b’intege nke, kuko icyakurikiyeho [cyo kubohora u Rwanda] cyerekanye ukundi kuri.
Abenshi mu basirikare barindaga Perezida Museveni mu 1986 bari Abanyarwanda. Umutwe urinda Perezida [Presidential Protection Unit-PPU] wongeye kuvugururwa ubwo bari bahavuye mu 1990. Mu barindaga Perezida Museveni, barimo Captain Charles Muhire, wari Ushinzwe Ibikorwa n’Amahugurwa ndetse na Captain Charles Ngoga, wari umuyobozi wa PPU.
Kuri ubu, abayobozi ba Uganda barashaka kumvisha abaturage babo ko igihugu cyabo cyari cyaravuye mu ntambara [ubwo Abanyarwanda bavaga muri Uganda], kandi Amajyaruguru yacyo yari mu midugararo ndetse n’Umutwe urinda Umukuru w’Igihugu ntiwari ufite ingabo zikomeye, ku buryo batoranyije mu ngabo zisanzwe abagombaga kurinda Perezida.
Mu ntambara yo mu Majyaruguru ya Uganda, ingabo nyinshi zoherejwe kurwana muri aka gace zarimo Abanyarwanda. Abofisiye bake b’Abahima bari boherejweyo bavuye ku ruhembe rw’igitero, bahitamo kwirira ubuzima mu Mujyi wa Kampala.
Mu yandi magambo, iyo umwanditsi ashaka kuvuga ku basirikare bavuye ku rugamba bucece, abo ba bofisiye b’Abahima ni bo bakabonetse kuri uru rutonde.
Mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, icyuho cyasizwe no kugenda kw’Abanyarwanda cyashegeshe mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi iyi ntambara, yashyizweho iherezo mu myaka 20 ishize.
Igenda ry’Abofisiye b’Abanyarwanda ryakangaranyije Uganda, kugeza ubwo mu 1995, Ishami ry’Abofisiye ryayoborwaga na Major [ubu ni Maj Gen] Andrew Kagame, ryoherejwe muri Uganda bisabwe na Museveni, kugira ngo hagenwe umurongo w’imikorere muri Entebbe, Jinja na Kampala.
Mu mezi 12, ingabo zari ziyobowe na Maj. Kagame zarwanye inkundura kugeza zifashe Ikibuga cy’Indege cya Entebbe, radar igenzura ibikorwa bitandukanye y’i Nsamizi (yari i Entebbe hafi y’Ibiro bya Perezida), urugomero rwa Owen Falls Dam n’inganda zikomeye z’isukari muri Lugazi zirimo Madvhani.
Icyari gihanzwe amaso cyane mu bikorwa remezo by’ubukungu, harimo Ikibuga cy’Indege cya Entebbe na Owen Falls Dam, byafashwe n’ingabo za RPA nk’ahantu hari hafite agaciro gakomeye cyane.
Museveni yari yarakiriye amakuru ko hari igihugu cy’igituranyi cyiteguraga kugaba igitero kuri Uganda, kandi kigasenya Uganda binyuze mu bitero by’indege, mu gihe umutwe wa Joseph Kony wari kunyura mu Majyepfo winjiriye muri Jinja ugana Kampala.
Museveni ntiyashatse kwitesha amahirwe yo gukoresha Abanyarwanda, ndetse yari azi neza aho yakura igisirikare gikakaye ndetse yaragisabye.
Uwahoze mu gisirikare cya NRA na RPA yagize ati “Iyo bashaka kuvuga ku nkuru z’intambara mu ishyamba, dufite nyinshi kandi ziruta izabo. Bagomba kwitonda. Bari gufungura agaseke kuko tuzavuga ibi bintu kandi ntibazamenya aho kwihisha.’’
