Category: Uncategorized

Aya mahugurwa yitwa ‘Foundry Fellowship’ aho ba rwiyemezamirimo bakomoka mu Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Ghana, Senegal na Nigeria, bemerewe kwitabira aya mahugurwa azaba ari ubuntu kuva atangiye kugera arangiye.

Abazitabira aya mahugurwa bazabanza kubikora mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, aho bazajya bigishwa amasomo n’ubundi asanzwe yigishwa muri MIT mu bijyanye n’ubucuruzi ndetse no guhanga udushya.

Nyuma yaho, abitabiriye aya mahugurwa bazamara ibyumweru bitatu bari kumwe, ibizatuma basangira ubunararibonye bakuye mu bihugu byabo, bityo bagashakira hamwe ibisubizo ku bibazo byugarije ubucuruzi bwabo muri rusange.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Legatum Center, Dina Sherif, yavuze ko aya mahugurwa ari ingenzi cyane mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’Umugabane wa Afurika muri rusange.

Ati “Mu kuzamura Afurika no gutuma ikomeza kugira ubushobozi mu bucuruzi ku rwego mpuzamahanga, dukeneye ba rwiyemezamirimo bahanga udushya bakazamura urwego rw’abikorera muri Afurika”.

Afurika ni Umugabane uri gutera imbere mu mpande zose, bityo bikaba ari ingenzi guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu rwego rwo guhanga imirimo izakorwa n’urubyiruko ruri kuri uyu Mugabane, na cyane ko amahirwe y’iterambere ari menshi cyane muri Afurika.

Kwiyandikisha muri aya mahugurwa byatangiye ku itariki ya 3 Gicurasi, bikazarangira ku itariki 20 uku kwezi. Abifuza kwiyandikisha banyura kuri https://legatum.mit.edu/

Ibi byagarutsweho ubwo Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda , John Rwangombwa, yatangazaga imyanzuro y’Akanama ka Politiki y’Ifaranga ndetse n’iya Komite Ishinzwe Kubungabunga Ubudahangarwa bw’Urwego rw’Imari (FSC).

Rwangombwa yavuze ko muri rusange “Ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwitezweho kuzazamuka, muri uyu mwaka bukazagera ku kigero cya 5,1% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu, wazamuwe no kuba ibikorwa byinshi byarasubukuwe nyuma y’ingamba zari zashyizweho za Guma mu Rugo”.

Muri iyi nkuru, tugiye kugaruka ku ngingo enye BNR ishingiraho igaragaza ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda buhagaze neza.

Urwego rw’amabanki ruhagaze neza

Umutungo w’urwego rw’amabanki mu Rwanda wazamutse ku kigero cya 23,6%, ukaba umaze kungana na miliyari 4.505 Frw, bitewe n’ibikorwa byo kubitsa byiyongereye ku kigero cya 23,4% ndetse no kuba amafaranga Leta yasohoye yariyongereyeho miliyari 112 Frw ugereranyije n’imisoro yari yinjije.

Muri rusange umutungo w’urwego rw’imari mu Rwanda wazamutseho 22,2% muri Werurwe 2021, ugereranyije na 14,5% uru rwego rwari rwazamutseho muri Werurwe 2020. Iri zamuka rigirwamo uruhare rukomeye n’urwego rw’amabanki kuko rungana na 67,4% by’umutungo wose w’urwego rw’imari mu Rwanda.

Iri zamuka kandi ryanagaragaye ku mutungo w’ibigo by’imari iciriritse, kuko wageze kuri miliyari 368,2 Frw, izamuka rya 14,6%.

Kubera iri zamuka, ingano y’amafaranga akoreshwa mu gihugu ntiyagabanutse mu mwaka ushize, kuko yazamutse ku kigero cya 22,5% muri Werurwe 2021, ugerenyije n’izamuka rya 12,3% ryari ryagaragaye muri Werurwe 2020. Ibi kandi byanagize ingaruka ku nguzanyo zatanzwe kuko zazamutseho 22% muri Werurwe 2021 ugereranyije na 12,5% zari zazamutseho muri Werurwe 2020.

Ibi byose ni byo byatumye BNR ifata umwanzuro wo kugumisha inyungu fatizo yayo kuri 4,5%.

Uretse umutungo w’amabanki uhagaze neza, umutungo w’ikigo cya Leta cy’Ubwiteganyirize nawo wazamutseho 22%, ugera kuri miliyari 1.117 Frw, mu gihe n’umutungo w’ibigo by’ubwishingizi wageze kuri miliyari 19 Frw, uvuye kuri miliyari 12 Frw.

Ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ntirizatakaza agaciro cyane

Mu gihembwe cya kane cy’umwaka wa 2020, ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ryataye agaciro ku kigero cya 5,1%, ariko mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, iki kigero cyaragabanutse kigera kuri 2,1%, bitewe n’uko umusaruro w’ubuhinzi kuva mu mpera z’umwaka ushize wagenze neza, ndetse n’ibiciro by’ibirimo ikawa, icyayi n’amabuye y’agaciro byakomeje kuzamuka.

Byitezwe ko ikigero cyo gutakaza agaciro kw’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda kitazarenga 2,2% ku mpuzandengo y’uyu mwaka.

Mu mwaka wa 2020, agaciro k’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ugereranyije n’idolari rya Amerika kagabanutseho 5,4%, ariko mu mpera za Mata 2021, kagabanukaho 0,993% ugereranyije n’igabanuka rya 0,996% muri Mata 2020.

Ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gushinga imizi mu rwego rw’imari mu Rwanda

Ibikorwa byo kwishyurana hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga bikomeje gutera imbere mu Rwanda, kuko BNR ivuga ko kuva mu mwaka ushize, ibikorwa byo kwishyurana hifashishijwe telefoni byiyongereye ku kigero cya 92%.

Muri Werurwe 2020, abantu bahererekanyije amafaranga afite agaciro ka miliyari 736 Frw, bikorwa mu nshuro miliyoni 116. Muri Werurwe 2021, abantu bahererekanyije amafaranga miliyari 3.950 Frw, bikorwa mu nshuro miliyoni 223.

Uburyo bwo kwishyurana hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga nabwo bwarazamutse kuko bwikubye inshuro 10, buva ku nshuro miliyoni ebyiri bugera ku nshuro miliyoni 21,6.

Agaciro k’ingano y’amafaranga yishyuwe binyuze mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga karazamutse, kagera kuri miliyari 475 Frw, kavuye kuri miliyari 18 Frw.

Ibi kandi binagarira mu mafaranga ibigo by’itumanaho bibikiye abakiliya babyo muri banki, kuko kageze kuri miliyari 66,6 Frw muri Werurwe 2021 bivuye kuri miliyari 46,3 Frw muri Werurwe 2020.

Ubukungu bw’Isi buratanga icyizere

N’ubwo ubukungu bw’Isi bwagabanutse ku kigero cya 3,3% mu mwaka wa 2020, byitezwe ko buzazamuka ku kigero cya 4,4% muri uyu mwaka wa 2021.

Ibi bizagira ingaruka ku bukungu bw’u Rwanda nabwo bwahungabanye ku kigero cya 3,4%, ariko bwitezweho kuzazamuka ku kigero cya 5,1% muri uyu mwaka wa 2021.

Iri zamuka ry’ubukungu rishingiye ku izamuka ry’ibikorwa by’ikingira mu gihugu, ryitezweho kuzatiza umurindi izamuka ry’ubucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu, bityo imisoro ikiyongera ndetse n’abantu benshi bakabona akazi.

Izamuka ry’ubukungu bw’Isi kandi naryo rizakomeza kugira ingaruka nziza ku bukungu bw’u Rwanda, kuko ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bizazamuka ku kigero cya 6,5% muri uyu mwaka.

BNR iratanga icyizere cy’uko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda buhagaze neza

Ni inama by’umwihariko igamije kwiga ku buryo ibihugu bya Afurika byakwigobotora ingaruka z’icyorezo ya Covid-19, ikazaba tariki 18 Gicurasi.

Jeune Afrique yatangaje ko by’umwihariko iyo nama iziga ku buryo ibihugu bya Afurika byafashwa guhabwa umwihariko ku bufasha butangwa n’Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari (FMI), uburyo byakurirwaho amadeni, gushyiraho umurongo mushya ugamije guteza imbere ubukungu bwa Afurika n’ibindi.

Abenshi mu bakuru b’ibihugu bazitabira iyo nama biganjemo abasinye ku nyandiko ihamagarira ibihugu n’imiryango itandukanye ku Isi, gufasha Afurika guhangana n’icyorezo cya Coronavirus n’ingaruka zacyo, mu rwego rwo kuzahura ubukungu n’imibereho myiza byanegekanye guhera mu 2020. Iyo nyandiko yanyujijwe mu binyamakuru birimo Jeune Afrique na Financial Times tariki 15 Mata 2020.

Abakuru b’ibihugu Jeune Afrique yatangaje ko bazaba bari i Paris harimo Félix Tshisekedi, Alassane Ouattara, Macky Sall, Muhammadu Buhari, Paul Kagame, Roch Marc Christian Kaboré, Bah N’Daw, Nana Akufo-Addo, Cyril Ramaphosa, João Lourenço, Faure Essozimna Gnassingbé, Filipe Nyusi, Sahle-Work Zewde, Abdallah Hamdok, Kaïs Saïed na Mohamed Ould Ghazouani.

Abo bakuru b’ibihugu bazagirana umusangiro na Perezida Macron tariki 17 Gicurasi, habura umunsi umwe ngo inama ibe. Ntabwo haratangazwa uzaba ahagarariye Tchad muri iyi nama nyuma y’urupfu rutunguranye rwa Idriss Deby wasimbuwe n’umuhungu we uyoboye inzibacyuho, icyakora Jeune Afrique yatangaje ko atari Mahamat Idriss Déby uzitabira.

Mu bandi bazitabira inama y’i Paris harimo abahagarariye imiryango itandukanye ku mugabane wa Afurika nka Moussa Faki Mahamat uyoboye Komisiyo y’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe na Perezida wa Banki Nyafurika itsura Amajyambere (BAD), Akinwumi Adesina.

Ku mugabane w’u Burayi, abayobozi bazaba bitabiriye harimo ba Minisitiri b’Intebe nka Pedro Sánchez wa Espagne, Mario Draghi (u Butaliyani) na António Costa (Portugal) ndetse na Perezida w’Akanama ka Komisiyo y’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi Charles Michel hamwe na Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi Ursula Von der Leyen.

Hari abandi bayobozi bazakurikirana iyo nama hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga nka Chancelière w’u Budage, Angela Merkel; Perezida wa Kenya Uhuru Kenyatta, abahagarariye Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’u Buyapani.

Mu gitondo cyo kuwa 18 Gicurasi, Perezida Macron azagirana ibiganiro n’abakuru b’ibihugu bya Afurika bamaze igihe badahura nka João Lourenço wa Angola, Filipe Nyusi wa Mozambique na Cyril Ramaphosa wa Afurika y’Epfo.

Mu kiganiro na Ramaphosa byitezwe ko bazanaganira ku ruzinduko ateganya muri cyo gihugu mu mpera za Gicurasi, azakomereza mu Rwanda.

Mu kiganiro azagirana na Nyusi, byitezwe ko bazaganira ku bibazo by’umutekano muke umaze iminsi uterwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro mu Majyaruguru ya Mozambique.

Byitezwe ko kandi muri iyo nama tariki 17 Gicurasi, hazaba inama yiga ku bibazo bya Sudani ahazaba hari na Minisitiri w’Intebe Abdallah Hamdok ku buryo igihugu cyasohoka mu nzibacyuho cyinjiyemo nyuma y’ihirikwa rya Omar al-Bashir.

Perezida Kagame arateganya kugirira uruzinduko mu Bufaransa aho azahura na Perezida Emmanuel Macron

Mu bigo byinshi bafatwa nk’inkorabusa, abakoresha bakabagenera umushahara w’intica ntikize ariko bakabasaba buri munsi guhora basa neza, bamwenyura nubwo inzara yaba ibatema amara.

Izi ngorane bahura nazo nizo zatumye mu 1991 hashyirwaho umunsi mpuzamahanga wabahariwe uba buri wa Gatatu w’icyumweru cya kabiri cya Gicurasi buri mwaka.

Watangijwe na Jennifer Alexander agamije guha agaciro abakora uyu murimo no kuwutandukanya n’abawitiranya n’abanyamabanga b’ibigo basanzwe .

Umurimo nk’uyu ntiwahozeho kera, ahubwo wadutse nyuma y’intambara ya kabiri y’Isi yose. Icyo gihe wasangaga abagore aribo benshi bawukora, kuko bafatwaga nk’abanyantege nke, abakwiriye kwirirwa bitaba telefone, bandika amabaruwa, bandika za emails, buzuza amadosiye adasaba gutekereza cyane n’indi mirimo nk’iyo ifatwa nk’idakanganye.

Ibigo byinshi mu kurushaho gutanga serivisi nziza bishyiraho aba bakozi kugira ngo ababagana bahabwe serivisi bakeneye.

Turayisenga Jean Baptiste, amaze imyaka itandatu yakira abagana Cogebanque. Mu gihe mu bigo byinshi usanga abakora aka kazi ari abakobwa, we ni umugabo kandi abikora abikunze.

Ati “Kuba umu– réceptionnistes ugomba kubikunda, kwakira neza abantu ari ibintu bikuri mu maraso kuko ntaho ugiye kubyiga mu ishuri. Icyo ukwiye gukora ni ukwakira neza abakugana ndetse ukiyungura ubumenyi ku kigo ukorera, ku buryo uje akugana ubona ibisobanuro umuha. Iyo ubuze icyo umubwira nibwo bavuga ko abakora aka kazi ari abaswa.”

Abakora aka kazi, ijoro n’amanywa bahora bashaka icyatuma ibigo bakorera bigira isura nziza mu maso y’ababigana. Ni yo mpamvu baba bagomba guhora basa neza kandi bamwenyura.

Turayisenga yavuze ko aba– réceptionnistes bakora akazi kenshi ariko hamwe na hamwe usanga agaciro kabo karenzwa ingohe.

Ati “Umuntu wakira abantu niwe uba uri mu muryango, abantu bose binjira mu kigo ni wowe bacaho uraho kugira ngo hatagira uza ngo akubure, ukagerageza kwiyitaho ndetse no kugira urugwiro kugira ngo serivisi yawe ibe nziza.”

“Ariko igitangaje usanga ba bantu aribo bahawe umushahara muke mu bigo bakorera, ntawe ujya wita kukubaha amahugurwa nk’abandi bakozi ugasanga barafatwa nk’abantu bo hasi mu kigo kandi nyamara aribo batanga ikaze.”

Yakomeje avuga ko haba abakoresha ndetse na leta muri rusange bakwiye gufatanyiriza hamwe mu kongerera agaciro abakora akazi ko kwakira abantu.

Ati “Bigendanye na gahunda ya leta njye nifuza ko hajyaho nk’ihuriro riza guhuza bariya bantu bakora kariya kazi kugira ngo babashe kugira ubuvugizi bakorerwa bajye babasha guhabwa ibikwiye kugira ngo bakore akazi kabo neza.”

“Icya mbere ni uguhabwa amahugurwa, icya kabiri nubwo abikora nk’akazi ariko ntiyakabaye wa muntu uri ku rwego rwo hasi, ku buryo abasha kubona ibikoresho byo kwiyitaho.”

Hari n’abarangwa n’imyitwarire mibi

Twagarutse ku mirimo myiza abakora akazi ko kwakira abantu bakora ariko burya si bose bafite ubunyamwuga, nta munsi mubi urenze kuba uwakaguhaye serivisi ariwe uyikwimye.

Hari ubwo ujya kwaka serivisi ku kigo runaka wahagera ukibaza uwo uhasanze niba hari ikibazo musanzwe mufitanye bikakuyobera.

Imico mibi yijujutirwa na benshi harimo guhugira kuri telefoni bakima amaso uje abagana, ndetse n’abarangwa n’umunabi no kuvuga amagambo mabi ku buryo uwahageze atifuza kuzahagaruka.

Turayisenga yakebuye abarangwa n’imyitwarire nk’iyo abibutsa ko agaciro bashaka kazava mu bikorwa bakora.

Ati “Nasabaga bagenzi banjye kurangwa n’ubunyamwuga bagakunda akazi bakora, bakakira ababagana neza ha handi wita ku masezerano wahaye umukiliya ukazayubahiriza.”

“Iki kandi bya bibazo uhura nabyo bigaragaze kugira ngo abayobozi bawe babashe kubikemura. Kandi igikuru gikwiriye mwihanganire abakiliya bafite imico itandukanye, narakara wowe witware neza.”

Nk’umugabo ukora aka kazi yavuze ko abantu bakwiriye kwikuramo imitekerereze y’uko abakobwa b’uburanga aribo bakwiye gukora aka kazi.

Ati “ Umuntu uje akugana ntaje kureba isura yawe cyangwa igitsina cyawe, ikimugenza ni serivisi nziza, yimuhe azagenda yanyuzwe.”

Serivisi zitanoze ni kimwe mu bihombya ibigo byinshi ku buryo bishiduka abantu babicitseho. Hari inyigo yakorewe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yagaragaje ko Sosiyete zo muri iki gihugu zihomba miliyari 41$ buri mwaka kubera serivisi zitanoze. Ni mu gihe muri iki gihugu, nibura 70,1% by’abasaba serivisi mu bigo bitandukanye, bagaragaza ko batazihabwa neza.

Abakora akazi ko kwakira abantu, nibo baba bafite urufunguzo rugaragaza uko ikigo cyakirwa mu maso ya rubanda