Ikibabaje ni uko iryo somo ryahise ryibagirana rikimara kwandikwa, kuko ’The Independent’, ikinyamakuru cya Mwenda, cyagiye giha rugari bamwe muri abo bantu bifuza gusebya Abanyarwanda n’abayobozi babo binyuze mu kugoreka amateka yabo.
Ibi byakozwe mu nkuru ifite umutwe ugira uti ‘Kwibuka Jenoside yo mu Rwanda’ yanditswe na André Gichaoua. Iyi nkuru yabanje gutangazwa mu kinyamakuru The Conversation mbere y’uko yongera kugaragara mu kinyamakuru cya Independent (cya Andrew Mwenda), gusa mu by’ukuri, iyi nkuru yari imeze nk’igamije kugerageza guhindura amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
N’ubwo Gichaoua agerageza gusesengura amateka yo kwibuka mu Rwanda, ntagaragaza bimwe mu bintu by’ibanze umuntu yakwiteze kubona cyane cyane ko asanzwe yiyita impuguke ku Rwanda.
Nk’urugero, hari ikintu gikomeza kugenda kigaruka, kigize ipfobya rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, kigaruka ku nyito n’ikoreshwa rya “Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi”. Iki yagikoresheje mu kugaragaza ko igice kimwe cy’Abanyarwanda cyari gifite ibyago byo kumarwaho. Kuri Gichaoua n’abandi bafite imitekerereze imwe, ngo “Iyi nyito yirengagiza abandi bantu bishwe bazize ubundi bwoko.”
Aha icyibazwa ni uburyo umuntu aba ‘inararibonye’ ku Rwanda rwa nyuma ya jenoside atanashobora kumva igisobanuro cy’ijambo Jenoside, kandi ari igikorwa cy’ingenzi cyane cyanagize uruhare mu buzima bwose bw’Abanyarwanda kuva mu 1994.
Umwanzuro w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ku kurwanya no guhana icyaha cya Jenoside usobanura neza ko iki cyaha kigizwe n’ibikorwa bifite intego yo kugirira nabi, igihugu, ubwoko, abantu bahuje uruhu cyangwa bahuje imyemerere hagamijwe kubamaraho.
Nk’uko byagarutsweho na Valentine Rugwabiza, Uhagarariye u Rwanda mu Muryango w’Abibumbye, mu ibaruwa yandikiye Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’uwo Muryango yavuze ko “Tariki 16 Kamena 2006; Urukiko Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR) rwemeje neza ko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yabayeho mu Rwanda.”
Rugwabiza yongeyeho ko “Kuba hari abandi bishwe muri Jenoside bidakwiriye kwitwa Jenoside. U Rwanda rwiteguye kwakira ibimenyetso byakwerekana ko hari abandi baturage, bari hanze y’ubwoko bwagombaga kumarwaho, bemejwe n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu bikorwa byo kwibukwa byabayeho nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Ibitari ibyo, ntabwo bihabwa ikaze mu Rwanda.”
Mu yandi magambo, The Independent ntiyakabaye yaratanze urubuga ku wiyita inararibonye kugira ngo asebye u Rwanda kuko abanyamakuru bayo bakabaye baramenye ibyo Ambasaderi Rugwabiza yibukije buri wese [bityo ntibatange umwanya wo gutangarizaho ibitaremejwe n’umuryango w’Abibumbye].
Biragaragara ko rero ibi binyoma ari byo Gichaoua ari kugerageza gukwirakwiza. Barimo gusebya no kuvuga ibinyoma kuri uyu mwanzuro urwanya Jenoside ariko ntibafite ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza ibimenyetso binyomoza u Rwanda n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, cyane cyane nk’umwanzuro wa 74/273 [wemeje ko Jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda yakorewe Abatutsi bityo ukagena ko Umuryango w’Abibumbye ugomba kujya ubibuka]. Uwo mwanzuro ufite umutwe ugira uti ‘Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wo kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.”
Kuba rero ibi binyoma bihabwa urubuga n’ikinyamakuru cya Mwenda, ni ikintu kibabaje. Impamvu ni uko Mwenda ubwe yakunze kwandika kuri izo nararibonye zo mu mahanga zakomoje gusebya Afurika, ku buryo umuntu yamufata nk’uzi ukuri kw’amateka y’ibyabaye, bikaba bitumvikana ukuntu asubira inyuma agaha umwanya za nararibonye zigamije kugoreka amateka ya Afurika, nyamara ari ikintu nawe ubwe yarwanyije.
Hejuru y’ibyo isesengura rigaragaza ko mu Isi ya Guichaoua, ubwenge n’ubumenyi byo mu ishuri bitajyana n’amahame n’imyitwarire iboneye iranga umuntu. Urugero, Guichaoua avuga ko “Mu 2014 u Rwanda rwinjiye mu cyiciro cya nyuma cya gahunda yarwo rusange yo kwibuka Jenoside” aho ngo “Intego yayo yari uguhatira abantu kwemera no kwibuka Jenoside yo mu Rwanda nk’ihame rikwiye hirya no hino ku Isi.”
Guichaoua ntiyumva ko niba koko u Rwanda rwarahatirije ibindi bihugu gukora igikwiye, byagakwiye kugaragaza ibibazo bikomeye Isi ifite [kuko bitakabaye ngombwa ko u Rwanda ruhatira abandi gukora igikwiye ahubwo bakabaye bakizi]. Ibi rero bishimangira uburyo ubuzima bw’Abanyafurika budahabwa agaciro nk’ubw’abandi.
Urwiganwa rw’Abanyafurika ku myitwarire imeze gutya ku bavandimwe babo, nk’uko The Independent yabikoze iha urubuga ibitekerezo bigoreka amateka bya Guichaoua, rugomba kutwibutsa ko imico nk’iyi ubwayo iva ku myumvire itariyo ishingiye ku moko twe Abanyafurika twimakaje kandi tukaba tuyikomeyeho.
Ikindi, ntibyumvikana uburyo ‘Umuhanga’ w’Umufaransa avuga ko kwibuka k’u Rwanda “kwavanzwe na gahunda za politike na dipolomasi” mu gihe mu by’ukuri imbwirwaruhame za Perezida Kagame Guichaoua yasesenguye mu buryo butari bwo, zibanda cyane ku mayeri yo guhakana Jenoside yifashishwa n’ibihugu byatereranye u Rwanda mu 1994, by’umwihariko ibirimo u Bufaransa, bwatanze ubufasha mu bya dipolomasi n’igisirikare ka ba jenosideri.
Birumvikana ko aya mayeri agizwe no kwinangira ndetse no kwanga gukoresha inyito yemewe n’amategeko ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi; “Yashimangiwe bidashidikanywaho kandi ikaba idasaba ibindi bimenyetso [kugira ngo yumvikane]”- nk’uko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwa Arusha rwabitegetse, gutanga urubuga ku bahakana Jenoside mu binyamakuru bikomeye byo mu mahanga no muri za kaminuza, nabyo bigize uwo mugambi wo guhakana Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Mu Kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ku nshuro ya 25, Perezida Paul Kagame yaragize ati “Guhakana Jenoside ni ikintu kibi cyane. Jenoside ntiyatangiye ku munsi umwe runaka. Ifite amateka maremare. Kuki impunzi ari cyo kintu u Rwanda rwoherezaga hanze cyane kurusha ibindi? Kuki abantu bamwe bakomeje gukandamizwa imyaka myinshi? Kuki abantu bamwe bakomeje kwicwa kuva muri za 1950?”
“Kuki imirambo imwe yakomeje kujugunywa mu migezi ngo isubijwe muri Nil, aho bivugwa ko bakomotse? Kuki ababyeyi bamwe bishe abana babo bari bafite uko basa kwihariye? Nta na kimwe muri ibyo cyatangiranye n’ihanurwa ry’indege. None se wavuga ko ibyo byaturutse kuki?”
Iyo Guichaoua aza kuba inararibonye, ntiyari kuba akinisha [gupfobya] igikorwa ndengakamere cy’aho abantu b’inzirakarengane mu 1994 bibasiwe hagamijwe kubarimbura. Ndetse ntiyari kwigira umusesenguzi ku bikorwa byo kwibuka mu Rwanda, yirengagije uko bikorwa na buri jambo rivugwa by’umwihariko ku bikorwa by’amatsinda ahakana Jenoside akomeje gukura, ndetse bigaragara ko nawe ari umwe mu bayagize abishyigikiwemo na The Independent.
Iyaba Guichaoua yarumvise neza imbwirwaruhame za Perezida Kagame mu kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ku nshuro ya 25, yakabaye yarumvise ko no mu kwibuka 26, koko ‘ntaho avuga by’umwihariko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi” kubera impamvu yoroshye kuyumva. Abanyarwanda ntacyo bashinja Perezida wabo ngo wenda bakeke ko yaba na we ashyigikiye ‘ibya Jenoside itarabayeho ngo yakorewe Abahutu’. Aha niho isesengura rya Guichaoua ubwe rimutamaza.
Kuvuga (Guichaoua) ko “ngo iyo mvugo yatumye anengwa n’imiryango y’abarokotse, ikavuga ko Kagame yatannye”ni ibinyoma bisa.
Mu buryo bundi ahubwo, ibyo binyoma bishaka kwerekana ko kutavuga rumwe na Leta byemewe mu Rwanda kandi ko Perezida Kagame atigwijeho ububasha bwose, ngo abe umunyagitugu nkuko amatsinda y’abahakanyi ba Jenoside akunze kumugaragaza. Burya iyo ibinyoma byabaye byinshi, umubeshyi agera aho akibeshya akananirwa gupfundikiranya ibinyoma bye!
Icya nyuma, umuntu wiyita inararibonye yakamenye neza ko n’ubwo hari ibintu u Rwanda n’u Burundi bihuriraho, ibi bihugu byombi bifite itandukaniro rinini mu mateka yabyo. Ikindi kandi, uko igihugu kimwe gikemura ibibazo byacyo, ni ibintu bikireba ku giti cyacyo nk’igihugu cyigenga, kuko ntabwo igihugu kimwe kiyoboye ikindi.
N’ubwo hari ubwicanyi bwinshi ndetse na Jenoside bwabayeho mu Rwanda no mu Burundi kuva mu 1959-1961, 1965, 1969, 1972, 1988, 1973, 1993-1994 ndetse na 2015, uburyo byagarutsweho mu nyandiko ya Guichaoua ntacyo bwasobanuye, uretse kongera urujijo mu basomyi, ari nacyo Guichaoua agamije kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Nta muntu uhakana ko buri Munyarwanda yagizweho ingaruka na Jenoside n’intambara yayibanjirije, ariko iyo bije ku kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ni ukuri kudahinduka kuko Jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda ari imwe gusa. Kugerageza gutesha agaciro uburemere bwayo, cyangwa kuyishyira mu cyiciro kimwe n’ibindi byaha bitwererwa FPR, bigaragaza inyungu za politiki Guichaoua akurikiranye muri rusange, n’ubwo agerageza kuzitwikiriza impamvu z’ubushakashatsi.
Niba abandi Banyafurika bashaka gukurikiza inyigisho za Reyntjens na Gichaoua ku bijyanye na Jenoside, ni uburenganzira bwabo. Abanyarwanda bafashe amahitamo akwiye kandi bazi amateka yabo. Kuri Mwenda, ashobora kuba asobanukiwe imyumvire y’abo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi n’imikorere y’Abanyamakuru baho, gusa ntibimubuza kugira uruhare mu bikorwa byabo byo kugoreka amateka y’u Rwanda.
