Ku Isi hose, abana bari mu cyiciro cy’abantu bugarijwe cyane n’ingaruka z’imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Igituma zibageraho ahanini bijyanye no kuba baba bafite ibihaha bitarakomera, guhumeka cyane kurusha abakuru ndetse n’indeshyo yabo ikaba yatuma imyuka isohoka mu modoka ibageraho vuba.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Minisiteri y’Ubuzima bwo mu 2012, bugaragaza ko abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bapfuye icyo gihe, abagera kuri 22% bazize indwara z’ubuhumekero.
Mu kugabanya ingaruka z’imyuka ihumanya ikirere, u Rwanda rwabaye igihugu cya mbere cya Afurika cyashyikirije Loni intego zijyanye no kubungabunga ikirere, aho rwiyemeje kugabanya imyuka igihumanya ku kigero cya 38% mu 2030.
Zimwe mu ngamba rwihaye muri icyo cyerekezo harimo kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya ingufu, gukoresha inganda neza, gucunga imyanda, ubwikorezi ndetse n’ubuhinzi; bizatuma imyuka ihumanya ikirere igabanukaho toni miliyoni 4,6.
U Rwanda kandi rwagabanyije itumizwa ry’imodoka zishaje, rwatangije ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabiziga byifashisha amashanyarazi ndetse rwanashyizeho umunsi wo guhagarika ibinyabiziga, imihanda rusange igakoreshwa n’abanyamaguru muri siporo rusange (Car Free day).
Dr Kalisa yabwiye IGIHE ko mu guhangana n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere, hari aho usanga ibigo by’amashuri by’umwihariko ibyo mu mijyi bidafata ingamba zihagije mu kurinda abana.
Ibi ahanini bishingiye ku kuba ibyo bigo biba byegereye imihanda inyuramo ibinyabiziga byinshi, imodoka zijyana abana ku ishuri usanga ari izishaje cyane zohereza imyotsi myinshi ihumanya ikirere aho zimara igihe kinini zihagaze zibakuramo cyangwa zibategereje kandi moteri zazo zisohora imyotsi.
Mu gushaka umuti w’iki kibazo, Dr Kalisa yatangiye ubushakashatsi bugamije kureba ingaruka imyuka ihumanya ikirere ifite n’uko zakwirindwa.
Yagize ati “Ubushakashatsi nabutangiriye muri Kigali Parents School aho nahuguye abana, mbereka uko bifatira ibipimo mu gihe ababyeyi babazanaga ku ishuri kugira ngo abe aribo bakurana umuco wo kurwanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.’’
Iri shuri ryatoranyijwe kuko rifite itsinda rishinzwe ibidukikije kandi ryegereye umuhanda unyuraho ibinyabiziga byinshi n’abana benshi baryigamo batwarwa mu modoka.
Akomeza ati “Nakoranye n’abana, mbaha ibikoresho bifatira ibipimo babona uko ibipimo bihindagurika mu gihe ababyeyi baje babatwaye mu modoka. Iki gikorwa kiratanga icyizere kuko kizatuma ababyeyi bashyira imbaraga mu kurinda abana babo.’’
Dr Kalisa azakomeza gukora ubushakashatsi no mu bindi bigo biri mu ntara zitandukanye z’igihugu.
Abana bajya ku ishuri mu mijyi ya Afurika bamara nibura amasaha umunani ari mu ishuri, mu gihe indi imwe cyangwa ebyiri bayikoresha mu rugendo.
Abenshi aho bahurira n’ahari imyuka ihumanya ikirere ni ku ishuri, mu gihe biga, mu karuhuko no muri siporo bitewe n’uko ibigo byabo byegereye imihanda migari.
Inyigo yakozwe mu Bwongereza yagaragaje ko kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku kigero cya 20% bishobora kuzamura imikorere y’ubwonko bw’umwana ho 6.1%.
Ingamba zo guhangana n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku mashuri
Imyuka ihumanya ikirere igira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abana kuko ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko bibasirwa n’indwara z’ibihaha, asthma ndetse bishobora no kugabanya imitsindire yabo mu ishuri.
Dr Kalisa avuga ko mu guhangana n’iki kibazo hari ingamba zikwiye gufatwa kandi bikagirwamo uruhare na buri wese.
Yagize ati “Abayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri bakwiye gufata aho abanyeshuri binjirira, aho bakinira, hakaba kure y’imihanda inyuramo ibinyabiziga cyangwa aho biparika; gutera ibiti bikikije ishuri ku buryo rwa rusaku n’imyuka y’ibinyabiziga itabona aho imenera byoroshye; kuzimya imodoka zose mu gihe zigeze ku ishuri; gukangurira abana kugenda n’amaguru mu gihe batuye hafi y’ishuri; gukoresha imodoka rusange mu gutwara abanyeshuri aho gukoresha iya buri wese; gushyiraho uko buri shuri rifata ibipimo rikamenya uko umwuka umeze.’’
Uyu mushakashatsi yasabye Leta kongera imbaraga mu kwifashisha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, kubaka inzira z’abanyamaguru n’amagare kandi zigakoreshwa ndetse ababyeyi bagakangurirwa ububi bw’imyuka ihumanya ikirere n’uko yakwirindwa.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Dr Kalisa Egide ari kubukora bijyanye n’icyiciro gikurikira PHD muri Kaminuza ya Toronto yo muri Canada ari gukurikirana.
Dr Kalisa yanakoze ubushakashatsi bwerekana uko umwuka uba umeze mu gihe cya Car Free Day mu Rwanda. Yagaragaje ko imyuka ihumanya ikirere yagabanutse mu gihe cya Guma mu Rugo ahanini kubera ko ingendo zakorwaga zari nke, nta binyabiziga byinshi bikora.
Dr Kalisa na bagenzi be baherutse kwerekana ko mu gihe moto zifashisha amashanyarazi zizaba zikora 100% muri Kigali, imyuka ya Carbon dioxide itera ihindagurika ry’ikirere (Climate change) ishobora kuzagabanukaho kilotoni 70, ikanagabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere n’indwara ziyiturukaho.
