Umuco gakondo w’Abanyarwanda wagiye kubihuhura uti “Izina ni ryo muntu” abakuru bo bati “Umugani ugana akariho.” Nyamara iyo uganiriye na bamwe bahawe ayo mazina cyangwa ukigenzurira hari ubwo usanga imyitwarire n’imigenzereze y’umuntu ntaho bihuriye n’izina rye.
Ibyo hari ubwo usanga bituma nyir’izina rimutera ipfunwe mu bandi, ndeste hari n’ingero nyinshi zihari z’abahisemo kugana iy’ubutabera ngo bahindurirwe ayo mazina kuko bumvaga batanyuzwe nayo.
Ubundi bigenda bite ngo amazina nk’ayo atera ba nyirayo ipfunwe bayitwe kandi baba bakiri abaziranenge batarasobanukirwa ibibera ku Isi?
Abenshi mu babyeyi bita ayo mazina babikora bagendeye ku bihe barimo, uko babanye hagati yabo cyangwa uko babanye n’abaturanyi, ndetse hakaba n’ubwo bashingiye ku kigezweho.
Urugero rwa hafi ni urw’uwitwa Demokarasi (wavutse hatangiye kuza ubuyobozi bubereye abaturage), Arusha (wavutse mu gihe cyo gusinya amasezerano y’i Arusha), Hajabakiga n’andi menshi umuntu atarondora ngo arangize.
Kubera iterambere ryahinduye imyumvire ya benshi n’iyobokamana rishya mu gihugu, birasa n’aho amazina ayo atangiye kugenda akendera ku buryo ubu ababyeyi batakiyita abana babo cyane.
Mu kiganiro IGIHE yagiranye n’ababyeyi batandukanye bafite imyaka isaga 80 y’amavuko, basobanuye zimwe mu mpamvu zatumaga ahanini abana bitwa amazina aninura, uko bayakiraga ndetse n’ingaruka mbi bibagiraho.
Rurandemba François wo mu Karere ka Rubavu yavuze ko iryo zina yarihawe na se kubera ibibazo yakundaga guhura na byo byerekeranye n’urubyaro.
Yagize ati “Data yabyaraga bapfa noneho nanjye mvutse ntiyizera ko nzabaho. Mbese yumvaga ko agiye kumbonaho by’igihe gito ubundi ngahita mpfa nk’abambanjirije. Niko kunyita Rurandemba, bisobanuye ngo “urupfu rurakunshuka” Ndimo kukubona by’akanya gato.”
Yavuze ko we atigeze na rimwe aterwa ipfunwe n’iryo zina, ndetse ko atigeze yifuza kurihinduza. Ati “Ahubwo duhungutse batubajije ukeneye guhindura izina cyangwa imyaka ngo babimukorere, nsanga ntakwiye guhindura izina nahawe na data […] ibyo se biba bintwaye iki?”
Bambuzimpamvu Aliada wo mu Karere ka Nyabihu, we asobanura ko izina yaryiswe kubera ko ababyeyi bari mu bihe bitari byiza n’abaturanyi, bashaka kubitambika bakabura aho bahera.
Mu bana yabyaye, hari abo nawe yise amazina y’amaninurano. Nk’uwitwa Ndababonye, uwo mukecuru yasobanuye ko yahaye umwana we iri zina kubera amakimbirane yari afitanye n’umuturanyi we ubwo uwo mwana yavukaga.
Ati “Isambu yacu yari nto, ariko kubera imiterere yayo ikagaragara nk’aho ari ubuso bunini, maze uwo mugabo n’undi wari hirya ye bakajya kutugambanira mu bayobozi ngo iyo sambu ni nini baze bayigabanye. Ubuyobozi bwaraje burapima birangira icyifuzo cyabo kitagezweho. Rero ni bwo nabyaye umwana muri iyo minsi mwita ‘Ndababonye.”
Uko abo babyeyi basobanura, bigaragaza ko imibanire n’imibereho y’abantu ari yo yakunze gushingirwaho ahanini bitwa bene ayo mazina.
Rurandemba yavuze ko hari n’umwana w’umuturanyi we witwaga “Baziragacucu” izina yiswe ngo bitewe n’ukuntu ababyeyi be babyaraga abana umuturanyi wabo akabaroga bakiri ibitambambuga.
Hari kandi abana bagiye bitwa amazina abatera ipfunwe bivuye ku bwumvikane buke hagati y’ababyeyi babo, nk’aho wasangaga kubaka urukundo rwo mu gitanda hagati yabo bitagenda neza, babyara umwana umugabo ati tumwite “Mukagatare” ukurikiyeho umugore nawe akifuza ko yakwitwa “Ntakiyazana.”
Aya mazina abangamira ba nyirayo
Bamwe mu biswe n’ababyeyi babo amazina y’amagenurano bagiye bagaragaza ko batayishimiye, bigera n’aho mu bihe bitandukanye bamwe bitabaje inzira y’amategeko basaba kuyahinduza.
Abahisemo kuyahinduza baganiye na IGIHE batashatse ko amazina yabo atangazwa, bavuze ko babitewe no kuba ari amazina usanga ahanini aganisha ku rwango, adahamagarira abantu kugira ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu gihe haba hari ikibazo bafitenye.
Umwe yagize ati “Ntabwo waba witwa Ndimubanzi, ngo nugirana amakimbirane n’abaturanyi bashishikarire kwiyunga nawe.”
Na none kandi ngo iyo batekereje kuri ayo mazina cyangwa bakabaza ababyeyi babo ku nkomoko yayo, bituma biyumvisha ko abaturanyi babo batabifuriza icyiza, ibintu bishobora guhungabanya amahoro n’imibanire myiza mu muryango Nyarwanda.
Iterambere no kujyana n’ibigezweho mu rubyiruko na byo byatumye abenshi mu bana bavuka muri iki gihe batemera bene ayo mazina, kuko urungano rwabo rubaseka cyangwa bakumva atabateye ishema mu bandi.
Hari uwavuze ati “Ibaze nk’iyo mu bana mugendana hari abitwa Manzi, Mutsinzi, Gisa cyangwa Muhirwa, ugasanga wowe witwa Barakagira (akajinya)? Muri make wumva utari kumwe nabo, bikaba ngombwa ko urihinduza.”
Uretse ba nyir’amazina batanezezwa nayo, ababyeyi na bo bemeza ko hari “izina ribi” ushobora kwita umwana rikamugiraho ingaruka mbi.
Rurandemba yagize icyo avuga kuri iyi ngingo. Ati “Hari izina bakwita rikagukurikirana. Noneho ryamara kugukurikirana, rubanda bati reka bimubeho n’abamubyaye niko bamwise, nibo batumye bimuhama.”
Ubukirisitu n’iterambere birashyira aya mazina ku iherezo
Abo babyeyi basobanura ko imitekerereze mishya ijyanye n’iterambere ndetse n’iyobokamana ryimakaje umuco wa gikirisitu mu gihugu ryatumye abayoboke b’amadini bahindura imyumvire, bituma umubare w’ababyeyi bita abana amazina nk’ayo ugabanuka.
Icyakora ntibiracika burundu kuko n’abemeramana hari amazina bacyita abana ukumva asa n’agenura. Urugero ni nka Sibomana, Niyibizi n’andi.
Bambuzimpamvu yavuze ko aho abenshi mu Banyarwanda bayobokeye amadini ya kizungu, bamwe bahinduje amazina bahawe, ndetse n’abakibyara ntibongera kuyita.
Ati ”Icyo gihe ntibasengaga ni yo mpamvu bitaga ayo mazina. Nyuma y’aho habaga ubwo tugeze mu rusengero tugiye gusenga ayo mazina bakayanga, bikaba ngombwa ko ahindurwa. No kwa muganga amazina nk’ayo ntibayemera.”
Yavuze ko kuri ubu ababyeyi babyarira kwa muganga bagahita bandikisha amazina y’abana, uwise umwana we izina rininura bakanga kuryandika. Ibyo ngo bigira uruhare runini mu kurandura iyo myumvire yita ko ari iya kera.
Yemeje ko ku bwe aramutse abyaye umwana ubu atakongera kumwita amazina nk’ayo atanashingiye ku kuba mu rusengero cyangwa kwa muganga batayakira.
Ku rundi ruhande ariko hari ababyeyi batarahindura imyumvire ku buryo n’ubu bumva bakwita abana babo amazina aninura.
Rurandemba yavuze ko muri iki gihe abaye afite uburenganzira busesuye ku mwana yabyara nk’uko byahoze idini cyangwa inzego za Leta zitarabimubuza yamwita uko ashaka.
Nyuma yo kubona ko hari abahawe amazina atabanyuze bitewe n’amateka igihugu cyanyuzemo, Repubulika y’u Rwanda ubu yemerera buri muturage wese ubifitiye impamvu yumvikana kuba yahinduza izina rye.
Ingingo ya 38 y’itegeko Nº 32/2016 ryo ku wa 28/08/2016 rigenga abantu n’umuryango ivuga ko “Umwana wese afite uburenganzira bwo kugira izina. Umubyeyi w’umwana cyangwa undi umufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi afite inshingano zo kumuhitiramo izina ashaka.”
Ingingo ya 39 y’iryo tegeko irakomeza iti “Umwana ntashobora kwitwa amazina yose ya se, aya nyina cyangwa ay’abo bavukana. Izina ntirishobora gusesereza imigenzo myiza cyangwa ubunyangamugayo by’abantu.”
Ingingo ya 42 iragira iti “Guhindura izina biri mu bubasha bwa Minisitiri ufite irangamimerere mu nshingano ze bisabwe na nyir’ukwitwa izina ufite imyaka y’ubukure. Iyo ataragira imyaka y’ubukure bikorwa n’ababyeyi be bombi cyangwa abandi bamufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi.”
Gusaba guhindura izina byemerwa ku mpamvu zirimo kuba izina ritesha agaciro nyiraryo; kuba risesereza imyifatire mbonezabupfura cyangwa ubunyangamugayo bw’abantu; kuba hari undi ukoresha iryo zina ku buryo rishobora kumwangiriza icyubahiro cyangwa umutungo; n’indi mpamvu yose Minisitiri ufite irangamimerere mu nshingano ze yabona ko ifite ishingiro.
Uburyo n’inzira bikurikizwa mu guhindura izina bishyirwaho n’iteka rya Minisitiri ufite irangamimerere mu nshingano ze.
Bamwe mu babyeyi bavuga ko kwita umwana amazina nk’aya bishobora gutuma akurana ipfunwe
