Author: webrwanda

Mu Mudugudu w’Akarutsibuka mu Kagari ka Kibayi mu Murenge wa Mugombwa, nta rugo rudafite inka

Nk’uko bisobanurwa n’umuyobozi w’aka Karere, Jérôme Rutaburingoga, iyi gahunda ngo bayihaye nyuma yo kubona ko abafite inka muri Gisagara ari 30%, mu gihe hafi 90% by’abahatuye ari abahinzi borozi bakeneye ifumbire ihagije yo kugira ngo babashe guhinga beze, ku butaka butiyongera. Kandi ngo nta kindi cyari gutuma bishoboka uretse inka.

Agira ati “Twararebye tubona kugira inka twese byihutirwa, nyamara igihe cyo kugira ngo zigere kuri bose gishobora kuba kirekire dukomeje kugendera kuri gahunda ya Girinka isanzwe.”

Yungamo ati “Twikoreye isuzuma dusanga muri gahunda ya Girinka buri mwaka dutanga inka hagati ya 1000 na 2000, turebye imidugudu dufite dusanga ari 524, bivuga ko buri mwaka twatangaga hafi inka enye kuri buri mudugudu. Nibwo twiyemeje gufata umuhigo w’uko buri rugo rwagira inka.”

Inka zabahaye ifumbire none basigaye beza ibitoki binini cyane

Ku bijyanye n’uko bateganya kubigeraho, uyu muyobozi avuga ko bateganyaga ko inka zizava muri gahunda ya Girinka isanzwe, iyo korozanya hagati y’abaturage, iy’amatsinda abaturage bibumbiramo bakagurirana inka, n’iy’amakoperative azishingira abanyamuryango bakazigura.

Asoza agira ati “Hari n’imiryango itari iya Leta isanzwe ifasha abaturage izasabwa gushyira imbere gushakira abagenerwabikorwa inka, ariko n’abafite amatungo magufi menshi tuzabafasha kureba uko bakuramo inka.”

Uyu muyobozi anavuga ko n’ubwo ari umuhigo munini bihaye, bizeye ko uzagerwaho bafatiye ku kuba mu Kagari ka Kibayi gaherereye mu Murenge wa Mugombwa, kuva babyiyemeza muri 2019 ubu abaturage bafite inka bamaze kugera kuri 86%.

Mu Mudugudu w’Akarutsibuka ho ngo bamaze kugera kuri uyu muhigo ku rugero rwa 100%, kandi abahatuye bavuga ko kuba basigaye bafite inka byahinduye ubuzima bwabo ku buryo bugaragara.

Uwitwa Alexis Ayabagabo ati “Mu mwaka ushize wa 2019 niguriye inka nyuma yo kubishishikarizwa, ubu yarabyaye, irampa amata ku buryo n’abana banjye bamererwe neza. Urutoki rwanjye na rwo rwabaye rwiza kuko ndufumbira, n’imirima yanjye mitoya isigaye yera neza.”

Christine Mukankusi, agaragaza urutoki rwiza rwa Fiya ruri hafi y’urugo rwe, na we ati “Tutaragura inka ngo tubashe gufumbira urutoki twezaga igitoki cy’ibiro 40 cyangwa 45. Ariko ubu turi kweza iby’ibiro 90. Hari n’icyo duherutse gusarura cy’ibiro 110.”

Mu Mudugudu w’Akarutsibuka, ku miringoti no mu nkengero z’imihanda hose hateye ubwatsi

Kubera ko gutunga inka bisaba kugira ubwatsi buhagije, mu Mudugudu w’Akarutsibuka ubu batera ubwatsi bw’inka ku miringoti no mu nkengero z’utuyira cyangwa z’imihanda.

Akarere ka Gisagara kihaye intego y’uko uku kwezi k’Ukuboza 2020 kuzarangira 50% by’abaturage bafite inka, umwaka w’ingengo y’imari 2020-2021 ukazarangira inka zifitwe n’abaturage 90%, naho uwa 2021-2022 ukazarangira nta muturage usigaye atayifite.

Cassa Mbungo André yasinye amasezerano y’imyaka ibiri atoza Bandari FC

Kuri uyu wa mbere Tarik ya 04 Mutarama 2021 nibwo ikipe ya Bandari FC yatangaje ko Cassa Mbungo André ari umutoza wayo. Ibicishije ku rukuta rwayo rwa Twitter yavuze ko umushyitsi wari utegerejwe yahageze. Yagize iti “Umushyitsi wacu yahageze ubu ni uwacu urakaza neza mu muryango wa Bandari.”

Ku cyumweru tariki ya 03 Mutarama 2021 ikipe ya Gasogi United yasezeye kuri uyu mutoza. Ibinyujije kuri Twitter yayo yagize iti “Ikipe ya Gasogi United turashima umusanzu w’uwari umutoza wacu Cassa Mbungo Andre Tukwifurije Ishya n’ihirwe aho uzajya hose.”

Si ubwa mbere atoje muri Kenya kuko yanyuze no muri AFC Leopard

Ikipe ya Bandari FC iri ku mwanya wa Gatandatu muri shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere muri Kenya aho mu mikino itandatu imaze gukina yatsinzemo imikino ibiri, inganya imikino ibiri , itsindwa imikino ibiri ikaba ifite amanota umunani.

Cassa Mbungo yatoje amakipe akomeye mu Rwanda arimo As Kigali, Police FC, Kiyovu Sports, Rayon sports, AFC Leopards yo muri Kenya na Gasogi United aherukamo. Uyu mugabo yatwaranye na Police FC igikombe cy’amahoro itsinze Rayon Sports ku mukino wa nyuma.

Imibare igaragaza ko mu myaka itanu ishize abaturage bahawe amashanyarazi bavuye kuri 13% by’abari batuye aka Karere bakagera kuri 63,84% ndetse Akarere kanashyize imbaraga mu kongera ingano y’imihanda imurikirwa n’amatara mu gihe cy’ijoro.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Gisagara, Rutaburingoga Jérôme, avuga ko bavuye kure kuko mu 1994 muri aka Karere nta muturage n’umwe wagiraga amashanyarazi, kugeza n’aho akarere kubatse, hose nta mashanyarazi yaharangwaga. Mu 2010 abayafite nabwo bari bake cyane kuko banganaga na 2.2%, ariko muri 2015 baza kwiyongera bagera kuri 13%.

Yagize ati “Twateye intambwe kuko twavuye kuri 13% tugera kuri 63,84% aho amashanyarazi mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu yikubye hafi inshuro eshanu. Kuva 2010 kugeza uyu munsi mu myaka 10 dukubye inshuro hafi 32. Ni ibintu bikomeye cyane umuntu yakwishimira.”

Amatara yo ku mihanda nayo muri iyi myaka itanu ishize hubatswe ibilometero 22,3, bisanga ibindi umunani byari bihari. Ubwo byose hamwe ni ibilometero 30,3.

Muri aka Karere kandi hagiye kuzura uruganda rwa nyiramugengeri ruzatangira gutanga amashanyarazi muri Werurwe 2021, rukazatuma amashanyarazi ari mu gihugu hose yiyongeraho 40%.

Hubatswe imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi itandukanye irimo uwa Mayaga-Hakani-Kibirizi- Nyange ifite ibilometero 92, wahaye amashanyarazi ingo ibihumbi 23. Hari kandi n’uwa Remera-Muganza-Ndora ufite ibilometero 43 wagejeje amashanyarazi ku baturage barenga ibihumbi 16 ndetse n’uwa Higiro-Kigembe-Mukindo w’ibilometero 100 watumye ingo zisaga ibihumbi 40 zibona amashanyarazi.

Mu myaka itanu ishize abaturage begerejwe amazi meza muri metero zitarenze 500 basaga 12% by’abatuye Akarere, kuko bavuye kuri 61% bagera ku kigero cya 72,5%.

Bamwe mu baturage bo mu Karere ka Gisagara bavuga ko guhabwa amashanyarazi n’amazi meza ari iterambere kuri bo kuko byabahinduriye imibereho.

Karamage Frederic wo mu Murenge wa Mamba yagize ati “Imibereho yacu yarahindutse kuko badutuje mu mudugudu mwiza urimo amashanyarazi n’amazi meza. Ntabwo tukirwara indwara ziterwa n’umwanda kuko dufite amazi meza kandi tuba ahantu hafite isuku.”

Mukamwiza Immaculee wo mu Murenge wa Kansi na we avuga ko guhabwa amazi meza n’amashanyarazi byabahinduriye ubuzima.

Ati “Amazi meza yaradufashije cyane kuko twari tuyakeneye none bayaduhaye hafi ku buryo umwana ayavoma hafi akabona uko ajya ku ishuri. Mu ngo zacu turangwa n’usuku muri byose. Amashanyarazi atuma tuba ahabona kandi abana basubiramo amasomo nimugoroba nta kibazo.”

Mu dusanteri dutandukanye two mu mirenge igize Akarere ka Gisagara hakorerwa ibikorwa bitandukanye bikenera amashanyarazi ku buryo nta washidikanya ko kuyahageza byatumye benshi bihangira imirimo irimo gusudira, kwandikisha imashini, gufotoza impapuro, serivise z’Irembo n’ibindi.

Kugeza ubu Akarere ka Gisagara gafite ingo 88,201 ziri mu mirenge 13 ikagize n’utugari 59 naho imidugudu ikaba 514.

Ingo zimaze guhabwa amashanyarazi zose ni 56,307 harimo izahawe akomoka ku miyoboro migari 45,101 zingana na 51,13% by’ingo ziri muri Gisagara. Hari kandi izahawe amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, zingana na 11,206 (12,7%).

Imiyoboro igeza amashanyarazi ku baturage imaze kugera henshi mu Karere ka Gisagara

Abatujwe mu midugudu bagahabwa amazi n’amashanyarazi bavuga ko byabahinduriye ubuzima

Abacururiza mu dusanteri twahawe amashanyarazi bavuga ko bazarushaho kwihangira imirimo

Mu dusanteri twa Gisagara hari kugaragara impinduka bitewe n’amashanyarazi yahagejejwe

Mu baturage bahawe amashanyarazi harimo n’abakoresha ay’imirasire y’izuba

Rutaburingoga Jérôme uyobora Akarere ka Gisagara avuga ko kavuye kure kuko mu 1994 nta mashanyarazi na macye yaharangwaga

Ubwoko butandukanye bwa za telefone abantu bagiye batunga igihe zari zicyaduka mu Rwanda

Numa yagize ati “Imodoka zishobora kuba zarabisikaniye nko muri Nyungwe nta wamenya, hahhhh,…uwo muntu w’inshuti yanjye yagezeyo abaturanyi bamubwira ko iwabo na bo bazindutse baza i Kigali kumusura,…ubuzima bwa mbere ya telefone bwarimo wasi wasi nyinshi cyane”.

Uruhare rw’impayamaguru n’abafite amajwi aranguruye

Umusaza w’imyaka 82 utuye mu Karere ka Burera, Philippe Furere ujijukiwe n’amateka y’isi avuga ko kuva kera imodoka, indege na telefone bitari byabaho, itumanaho ryakorwaga n’abitwa impayamaguru hamwe n’abantu bafite amajwi aranguruye.

Umusaza Furere avuga ko mu mateka y’ubwami (Abanyaburayi cyane cyane) bagiraga abitwa ‘pioneers’ bashinzwe gutwara ubutumwa buva cyangwa bujya ahantu hatandukanye ku isi, ariko babaga bagiye no kwigira abo bami imiterere y’ibice bitandukanye by’isi.

Ishusho y’impayamaguru (messengers)mu bwami bwa Roma

Furere avuga ko muri rusange umwami yabaga afite intumwa “messengers” zigiye ziri ku misozi itandukanye ku ntera iringaniye umuntu abasha kwiruka, zagendaga zihererekanya ubutumwa bukagera iyo bujya budahagaze mu nzira.

Aba bantu bitwaga ‘impayamaguru’, si ko bose bakoreshaga uburyo bwo kwiruka n’amaguru mu bihugu byose, kuko mu bwami bwa Roma babaga bifashisha amafarashi yiruka cyane.

Impamvu yo gukoresha ‘impayamaguru’ ni uko zabaga zitwaye ubutumwa bw’ibanga ibwami badashaka ko bujya ku karubanda, ariko iyo byabaga ari amakuru asanzwe hifashishwaga abantu bafite amajwi aranguruye.

Furere yagize ati “ari nk’umuntu wapfuye bashakaga umuntu uhagarara ku gasozi ahirengeye akabwira abandi bari ku tundi dusozi, nabo bagahagarara ahirengeye bakabwira abandi bo ku dusozi two hirya yaho, gutyo gutyo”.

Ibitabo by’amateka y’u Rwanda bikomeza bigaragaza ko hari n’aho bakoreshaga ingoma, zikagira imurishyo itandukanye bitewe n’icyo i bwami bashaka kubwira abaturage.

Nk’urugero, umurishyo w’ingoma y’impuruza ihururiza abaturage kwitabira urugamba wabaga utandukanye n’umurishyo w’ingoma ibika itanga ry’umwami(yapfuye), cyangwa uwo kuvuga amacumu y’ingabo zatabarutse ku rugamba.

Uburyo bw’itumanaho bwagiye bworoshywa no kujyana ubutumwa hifashishijwe imodoka zadutse ahagana mu 1770, nyuma mu mwaka 1844 havumburwa imashini za telegaramu zoherezanya ubutumwa bw’ibimenyetso, umuntu yabisoma agakuramo amagambo afite ubusobanuro.

Uretse gutuma impayamaguru, mu kwihutisha gutanga ubutumwa bashaka umuntu ufite ijwiri riranguruye agahagarara ku musozi ahirengeye akamenyesha abantu ibyabaye

Nyuma y’imyaka mike mu 1877 uwitwa Alexander Graham Bell yavumbuye telefone ya mbere yo mu biro cyangwa mu rugo ikoresha urutsinga, ariko iyo telefone yakomeje kunganirwa na telegaramu, imodoka n’indege mu kuvana ubutumwa hamwe bujya ahandi.

Iri tumanaho ryose ariko ryakoreshwaga n’umugabo rigasiba undi bitewe n’uko ryifashisha ibikoresho n’uburyo buhenze.

Telefone ya mbere yo mu nzu yavumbuwe mu 1877

Igitekerezo cyo gukora telefone zigendanwa cyagizwe bwa mbere n’uruganda rw’Abanyamerika Motorola rukora ibikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi (electronics) mu mwaka wa 1940.

Nyuma yaho mu mwaka wa 1973 uwitwa Martin Cooper wayoboraga ubushakashatsi muri urwo ruganda rwa Motorola yaje kumurika telefone igendanwa ya mbere yitwaga ‘Motorola DynaTac 8000 mu mihanda y’i New York muri Amerika.

Motorola DynaTac 8000, telefone ya mbere igendanwa yavumbuwe mu 1973

Icyo gihe abatuye isi muri rusange bari bakomeje gutumanaho hakoreshejwe kugenda n’amaguru cyangwa kohereza intumwa, itumanaho rya telefone (zitwa fixe), iposita no kugenda mu modoka bigaharirwa abifite n’abajijutse.

Umubyeyi witwa Umupfasoni yagize ati “inshuti yanjye twarahuraga tukaganira imbonankubone, naba nshaka ko duhura nkandika urwandiko nkaruha gasaza kanjye kakarwirukankana ubwo na we akaba anyoherereje igisubizo…, ni urwo rujya n’uruza rwabagaho nta bya telefone”.

Umwaka wa1998, umwaduko wa telefone zigendanwa mu Rwanda

Mu kwezi kwa Nzeri 1998 nibwo Sosiyete MTN Rwanda Cell yazaga gukorera mu Rwanda, akaba ari bwo Umunyarwanda wa mbere yatunze telefone igendanwa.

Telefone za mbere mu Rwanda zabanje mu bayobozi bakuru b’Igihugu, zigenda zimanuka zigera muri rubanda gake gake uko imyaka igenda ishira.

Alain Numa yakomeje asobanura ko icyo gihe MTN yagurishaga telefone nini zo mu bwoko bwa Nokia zimeze nk’ibibando, ariko nyuma yaho hagiye haza telefone nto zo mu bwoko bwa Alcatel, Motorola, Samsung n’izindi.

Numa yibukije uburyo guhamagara no kwitaba byombi byari bihenze kuko umuntu yaguraga ikarita yo guhamagara y’amafaranga 2,500 ndetse n’iyo kwitaba ya 2,500Frw, kandi zombi zikamara ukwezi kumwe gusa.

Yagize ati “gukoresha ubwo buryo buhenze zari ingamba zigamije gufasha gukwirakwiza vuba vuba iminara(hirya no hino mu gihugu)”.

Bitewe no guhenda kwa telefone ubwazo n’ama inite yo guhamagara, haje gukoreshwa telefone za rusange zitwaga ‘Tuvugane’, nyuma ziza kwitwa ‘Terimbere’.

Ubwo andi masosiyete y’itumanaho ya Tigo na Airtel aba araje, ikiguzi MTN yari yarashyizeho cyo kwitaba kiba gikuweho ndetse n’icyo guhamagara kigenda kigabanyuka kugeza uyu munsi aho umuntu ashobora kugura ‘ama inite’ y’amafaranga 100.

Byinshi mu byaranze telefone zigendanwa mu Rwanda wabisanga mu nkuru yacu twakoze muri 2019, ivuga ku ngorane no guhuzagurika kwabayeho ubwo ikoranabuhanga rya telefone ngendanwa ryazaga ritari rimenyerewe.

Mu myaka 20 telefone igendanwa imaze igeze mu Rwanda, ubuzima bwarahindutse ku buryo umumaro wayo warenze guhamagarana no kwandikirana ubutumwa bugufi, ubu telefone ikaba yarabaye ishingiro ry’imibereho ya buri munsi.

Uretse kuba igikoresho cyo gutumanaho no kumenya amakuru y’ibibera hose ku isi, telefone ni banki umuntu abitsaho amafaranga (kuri Mobile/Airtel Money) ndetse ikaba imaze gusimbura inoti n’ibiceri umuntu yitwazaga ajya guhaha no kwishyura ibintu na serivisi zitandukanye.

Numa wo muri MTN yakomeje agira ati “Telefone yarinze benshi ingendo zabavunaga kuko umuntu ufite inka muri Nyabihu bitakiri ngombwa guhora ajya kuzireba azishyiriye imiti, ndetse abantu kuri ubu ntibikiri ngombwa ko bakorana inama bari kumwe”.

Kubeshya no kubura urukundo, bimwe mu bibi byiyongereye kubera telefone

Ushobora kuba uri mu modoka ukumva uwo muri kumwe arahamagaye kuri telefone ati “Ngeze i Nyabugogo” nyamara iyo modoka arimo iri mu mujyi wa Muhanga.

Muri iki gihe smartphones hari abatazishira amakenga bakavuga ko n’ubwo zazanye iterambere zigenda zigabanya urukundo no gushyikirana hagati y’abantu

Uretse ibinyoma, kurangaza abantu rimwe rimwe zibatoza imico mibi, telefone ngo zatumye urukundo mu bantu rutakibaho nk’uko twabisobanuriwe n’umubyeyi witwa Musabyemaliya Jacqueline utuye i Kigali.

Yagize ati “Kera umuntu yakumburaga undi akajya kumusura, none ubu iyo amuhamagaye akabona ifoto ye kuri whatsapp, biba birangiye”.

Musabyemaliya avuga ko uko telefone zazanye iterambere no kujijuka mu bantu, ari nako zazanye ibibi bituma benshi batakaza ubumuntu.