Rusesabagina ni muntu ki? Uwahoze akuriye hoteli, Umunyarwanda kavukire ufite ubwenegihugu bw’u Bubiligi ndetse na green card ya Amerika.
Rusesabagina yamenyekanye cyane nyuma ya filime yakinwe mu 2004 ya ’Hoteli Rwanda’, imugaragaza nk’umugabo w’intwari warokoye abarenga 1200 igihe bashakiraga ubuhungiro muri Hotel des Milles Collines mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi hagati ya tariki 7 Mata kugera ku wa 15 Nyakanga 1994.
Gusa ariko abarokotse Jenoside muri iyo hoteli bamaganye ubwo buryo Rusesabagina yerekanywemo, bavuga ko yabatse amafaranga kandi akirukana abatarabashije kumwishyura, bakajya guhura n’abicanyi babaga bategerereje aho hanze ya hoteli.
Nyuma yo kwamamazwa na Hollywood, Paul Rusesabagina yabonye ibihembo bitandukanye, byamuhinduye icyamamare kivugwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Nk’intwari y’i mahanga, akaba ikigwari mu Rwanda, Rusesabagina yazengurutse kaminuza zo muri Amerika ya Ruguru, ahakana Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu ntangiriro za 2018, yaje kandi gutangiza ishyaka rya politiki ryitwa ‘Rwanda Movement for Democratic Change (MRCD) rifite umutwe w’iterabwoba witwa ‘Front for National Liberation (FLN) ufite intego yo gukuraho Leta y’u Rwanda.
Muri video yasohoye kuri Noheli ya 2018, nyuma y’ibitero byahitanye abantu bikozwe n’inyeshyamba za FLN, Paul Rusesabagina yavuze ko ari we muyobozi wawo wanawushinze ndetse anasaba buri wese kuwinjiramo.
Nyuma y’umwaka, yaje gufungwa ubwo yinjiraga mu ndege yihariye akeka ko agiye i Burundi guhura n’abarwanyi ba FLN. Ubu ari kuburanywa kimwe n’abandi barwanyi 20 bafashwe bari mu bikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi ku butaka bw’u Rwanda.
Uyu ni we mugabo Inteko y’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi yafatiye umwanzuro ishyigikira, umwanzuro uvuga ko ubutabera bw’u Rwanda bubogamira ku ruhande rumwe ndetse ukanavuga ko urubanza rwe rutazanyura mu kuri.
Mu gika cya ‘E’ cy’uwo mwanzuro, usobanura Rusesabagina nk’impirimbanyi yo kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu, akaba umwe mu bakomeye batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Paul Kagame n’ishyaka riyoboye ubutegetsi mu Rwanda.
Uyu mwanzuro kandi uvuga ko ibyabaye ari “ibikorwa bisanzwe byakorewe mu Karere ka Nyaruguru muri Kamena no mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Ukuboza 2018.”
Ibi bikorwa byiswe ko bisanzwe byahitanye abantu icyenda n’abana 82 bajyanwa mu bikorwa bya FLN ku gahato.
Ibyo si ibirego bihimbano, kuko Rusesabagina ubwe yiyemereye mu ruhame ko yagize uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa, ndetse ko ibyo bitero “byatangije ihuriro rigamije kubohora Abanyarwanda.”
Mu gika cya I, uyu mwanzuro uvuga ko “Rusesabagina yimwe uburenganzira bwo kubona abanyamategeko ashaka”.
Nyamara mu kiganiro yagiranye n’ikinyamakuru The New York Times, Rusesabagina ubwe yahamije ko ari kuburanirwa n’umunyamategeko yihitiyemo: “Nahisemo abanyamategeko banjye kandi ndabishimiye ariko umuryango wanjye ntabyo wabwiwe.”
Abanyamategeko ba Rusesabagina, abo nagize amahirwe yo kuganira nabo, banyemereye ko bavugana n’umukiliya wabo uko babyifuza.
Icyo abadepite b’i Burayi basobanura ni uko Umunyamategeko w’Umubiligi yakwemererwa kuza mu Rwanda guhagararira Rusesabagina ariko uwo munyamategeko ntiyari buhabwe uburenganzira bwo gukorera mu Rwanda, nk’uko n’abanyamategeko b’Abanyarwanda batemerewe kujya kuburanira mu Bubiligi.
Mu bindi bigarukwaho, mu gika cya ‘K’ (1) na (4), Inteko y’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi “yamaganye irigiswa, ifatwa ritemewe n’amategeko ndetse n’imfungwa ritubahirije amategeko rya Paul Rusesabagina.’’
Ariko se ni gute umuntu ufunzwe mu buryo bwa rwihishwa agirana ikiganiro na The New York Times, The East African, ndetse akanasurwa cyane n’abadipolomate b’Ababiligi muri Kigali, akavugana kuri telefoni n’abo mu muryango we kandi agahura inshuro nyinshi n’abanyamategeko be? Ni ibiki bindi Abanyaburayi bashaka? Ko aganira n’umuryango we buri munsi kuri Zoom se? Kugirana ibiganiro n’inyeshyamba se – MRCD/FLN? Rusesabagina agomba kumenya ko atari umushyitsi muri Hotel Rwanda, ahubwo ko ari umuterabwoba wafashwe agashyirwa muri gereza.
Igiteye amatsiko ni uko mu mwanzuro wa ‘K’ (3) ”wibutsa ko kohereza umuntu mu gihugu bigomba kuba binyuze mu nzira zemewe kugira ngo hizerwe ko hazatangwa ubutabera bwuzuye”. Nyamara Leta y’u Rwanda yari yarahaye u Bubiligi impapuro zita muri yombi Rusesabagina.
Nyuma habayeho gusaka inzu ye mu Bubiligi, ibimenyetso by’ibikorwa bye by’iterabwoba bifatwa na Polisi yo mu Bubiligi ndetse byoherezwa mu Rwanda ariko u Bubiligi bwanze kumwohereza mu Rwanda cyangwa kumufunga.
Ku mahirwe ari mu mwanzuro w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi
Iterabwoba ni ikibazo gikomeye muri ibi bihe byacu, ryahinduye imibereho yacu, ryica ibihumbi by’inzirakarengane z’abaturage kandi rihungabanya ubukungu.
Iterabwoba ntirigira umupaka; ibihugu bikomeye n’ibyoroheje byose bigerwaho n’ingaruka z’iterabwoba.
Impamvu iterabwoba rigoye kurihashya, ni uko rikorwa n’abantu benshi bakorana bari ku migabane itandukanye. Uzasanga mu gihe amafaranga akusanyirizwa ku mugabane umwe, abarwanyi bagakurwa ku wundi kandi ibitero bikabera ku wundi mugabane utari muri iyo. Ni yo mpamvu guhashya iterabwoba bisaba ubufatanye mpuzamahanga.
Ni gute ibihugu by’u Burayi byakwitega gufatanya n’ibihugu bya Afurika mu guhashya iterabwoba kandi bihindukira bigafasha abaterabwoba b’Abanyafurika mu kugaba ibitero ku Banyafurika?
Mu Rwanda, dutangajwe n’uko iterabwoba ryakorewe ku butaka bwacu ryateguriwe mu mijyi y’i Burayi – kandi ifite ubufasha bw’inzego z’u Burayi: mu 2021! Muri make, twari twiteze ko Inteko y’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi yafata umwanzuro ufata mu mugongo abagizweho ingaruka n’ibyo bikorwa.
Ku bwenegihugu bwa Rusesabagina
Mu bihugu 15 byo ku Mugabane w’u Burayi, birimo u Bubiligi, Bulgaria, Chypre, Danmark, Estonia, u Bufaransa, u Bugereki, Ireland, Lettonia, Lituania, Malta, u Buholandi, Roumania na Slovenia, umuntu ashobora kwamburwa ubwenegihugu yahawe aramutse ahamwe n’ibyaha by’iterabwoba. Ibi kandi ni ko bigenda muri Canada, u Bwongereza na Australie.
Mu 2014, Mohamed el-Hafiani w’imyaka 36, akaba Umufaransa ukomoka muri Maroc, yambuwe ubwenegihugu bw’u Bubiligi nyuma yo guhamywa ibyaha by’iterabwoba. Muri Amerika, Umucamanza wa Leta yambuwe ubwenegihugu Umunya-Pakistan na we azira impamvu z’iterabwoba.
Mu itegeko ry’u Bubiligi: 4. 12 rya 2012, mu ngingo nshya ya 23/1 CNB, ivuga ko umuntu ashobora kwamburwa ubwenegihugu mu gihe yakatiwe igifungo kigera ku myaka itanu azira ibyaha bifitanye isano n’iterabwoba. Ingingo ya 23 ikomeza isobanura ko ubwenegihugu bushobora kwamburwa ubuhawe mu gihe “atubahirije inshingano ze nk’umuturage w’Umubiligi”.
Rusesabagina ugifite ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda, byamugora kwigira umwere. N’ubwo umuntu yemerewe kugirwa umwere kugeza igihe abihamijwe n’urukiko, iri hame rigira uburyo bubiri ryubahirizwa, ari bwo ‘kwemera’ cyangwa ‘gufatirwa mu cyuho’. N’ubwo tutatanga umwanzuro ku rubanza rwa Rusesabagina, aya mahame yombi ari gukurikizwa mu rubanza rwa Rusesabagina.
Uyu mugabo yagiye kuri televiziyo, avuga ko ari umuyobozi w’umutwe w’iterabwoba (kwemera ibyakozwe) nyuma yo kuvuga ko umutwe wari wavuzwe wagabye ibitero byishe inzirakarengane (ibigize icyaha) kandi akaba yarafatiwe mu cyuho agiye mu bikorwa by’umutwe we w’iterabwoba mu Burundi.
Muri iyi minsi rero, ibihugu bigomba kwitandukanya n’abaterabwoba. Gusa ibi si ko byagenze ku bihugu by’i Burayi, kuko byifatanyije n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bigacumbikira abana babo kandi bikabaha ubwenegihugu butuma bashinga imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta ihakana uruhare rw’ababyeyi babo, ikabashakira inkunga bakoresha mu bikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi mu Rwanda ikorera mu mashyamba ari mu bihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda.
Kuri iyi ngingo, reka twibukiranye ko ibihugu by’i Burayi byari bifite ubushobozi bwo guhagarika Jenoside ariko uretse no kwirengagiza ibyarimo kuba, byanafashije abayigizemo uruhare guhunga bakajya mu Burayi kugeza magingo aya.
Ku birego byo gufatwa mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko
Igihugu Rusesabagina yaturutsemo ntikigeze kigaragaza ko yafashwe mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko, habe n’igihugu cyo ku Mugabane wa Afurika indege yamuzanye yanyuzemo. Nta gihugu na kimwe cyigeze gitanga ikirego ku Rukiko Mpuzamahanga kivuga ko ubwigenge bwacyo bwahungabanyijwe.
Mu yandi magambo, umuterabwoba w’umunyafurika yatawe muri yombi ari ku Mugabane wa Aziya: ibihugu bya Aziya bifasha mu ifatwa rye ndetse ntibyatanga ibirego byinubira uko icyo gikorwa cyagenze, ibihugu bya Afurika na byo byafashije mu ifungwa rye. Ibigugu by’i Burayi, byakomeje kumufasha no kumutera inkunga, ni byo birimo kwinuba.
Ubutumwa burumvikana: nugaba igitero ku gihugu cy’i Burayi, tuzakuvanaho, ariko nugaba igitero ku gihugu cya Afurika, tuzagushyigikira….
Inshuti yanjye yo mu bwana, akaba umunyamuryango w’ihuriro ry’abarokotse Jenoside, Ngirinshuti, yimwe ubwenegihugu bw’i Burayi nyuma yo kumarayo imyaka 15 yose. Yarasobanuye ati “Biragoye ko uwarokotse Jenoside abona ubwenegihugu mu Burayi kurusha uko bigenda ku wagize uruhare muri Jenoside cyangwa umwana we”.
Yongeyeho ati “Iyo wagaragaje ko ushyigikiye ibikorwa bya Leta y’u Rwanda, ukomeza gukurikiranwa n’inzego z’umutekano. Ariko iyo uhanganye na Leta y’igihugu cyawe muri Afurika, bituma ubona ubwenegihugu, ukishyurirwa amashuri ndetse ukabona n’andi mahirwe. Ndaza kureka abasomyi bicire urubanza kuri iyi ngingo….’’
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