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Abanyeshuri basubiye ku ishuri nyuma yo kumara amezi umunani bari mu kiruhuko

Umwaka w’amashuri utangiye, abanyeshuri bagiye ku mashuri uko byari biteganijwe, bamwe bagera ku mashuri bitwaje amafaranga y’ishuri (minerval), abandi bagera ku bigo abana bigaho gusaba igihe cyo kuba babihanganiye kuko batarayabona.

Kugeza tariki 14 Werurwe 2020,ubwo icyorezo cya Covid-19, ubundi abantu bumvaga ko iri kure cyane, yageraga mu Rwanda, hari amwe mu mashuri yari atararangiza kwishyuza amafaranga y’ishuri ku banyeshuri bose.

Bigitangira, nta muntu wiyumvishaga ko icyo cyorezo cya Covid-19 cyahungabanya n’amashuri. Ariko mu gihe gito byahise bigaragara ko kizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku burezi.

Tariki 16 Werurwe 2020, Minisiteri y’uburezi yabonye ko bihenze cyane kugumisha abanyeshuri ku mashuri mu gihe cy’icyorezo cya Covid-19 kuruta uko bagaruka mu miryango yabo.

Abanyeshuri batashye muri Werurwe bateganya ko bazahita bagaruka ku ishuri vuba nyamara si ko byagenze

Itangazo ryahise risohorwa ribwira abanyeshuri kutazagaruka ku mashuri kugeza igihe bazamenyesherezwa,nyuma umunsi wakurikiyeho,imodoka zari zagiye kuzana abanyshuri zibakura ku mashuri zibajyana mu miryango yabo, kugira birinde ikwarakwira rya Covid-19.

Nyuma y’icyumweru,umwanzuro wari wamaze gufatwa ko abantu bose bagomba kuguma mu ngo n’abana bakagumana n’ababyeyi babo amasaha yose y’umunsi n’iminsi yose y’icyumweru.

Mu cyumweru cya mbere, abanyeshuri bari mu rugo ntacyo bakora, ariko nyuma Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe uburezi (REB) ndetse na Minisiteri y’uburezi batangiye gushaka uko abanyeshuri n’abarimu batatandukana burundu n’ubwo hari icyo cyorezo.

Ni uko hatekerejwe gukoresha uburyo bwo kwiga hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya interineti(E-learning), nubwo yaje ibiciro bya interineti byaje kugorana, ariko gahunda zo kwigisha kuri televiziyo na radiyo zo zarakomeje.

Nyuma yo kubona ko COVID-19 itarangira burundu, hashyizweho ingamba z’uburyo bwo kwirinda icyo cyorezo, amashuri arasubukurwa, abanyeshuri basubira ku ishuri

Dr. Irénée Ndayambaje, wahoze ari Umuyobozi mukuru wa REB, yabwiye KigaliToday ko gahunda yashyizwe kuri YouTube, ‘Youtube channel’ igamije gufasha abanyeshuri gukomeza kwiga no mu gihe cy’icyorezo.

Dr Ndayambaje yagize ati, “amasomo ashyirwaho aturuka mu mashuri atandukanye.N’abarimu bashobora kuyigiramo,bakareba uko abandi bategura amasomo”.

Muri icyo gihe byari byanzuwe ko amashuri afunga, abarimu benshi bo mu mashuri yigenga,bahagarikiwe amasezerano y’akazi, kuko ba nyir’ibigo by’amashuri bavugaga ko hari ikibazo cy’amikoro.Abo barimu bagerageje gukomanga hirya no hino ngo bumvikanishe ikibazo cyabo ariko wari umurimo utoroshye.

Ku kibazo cy’abarimu bo mu bigo by’amashuri byigenga bahise birukanwa ku kazi, Dr Uwamariya Valentine, Minisitiri w’uburezi yagize ati, “Ibigo by’amashuri byisnhi byahise byirukana abakozi babyo kubera ibibazo by’amikoro,ariko icyo ngo si cyo cyari igisubizo gikwiriye,ahubwo ibyo bigo ngo bashoboraga kugana ikigega cya Leta gishinzwe kuzahura imari,kikabafasha bagakomeza guhemba abarimu babo”.

Dr Uwamariya Valentine

Bidatinze, u Rwanda rwabonye uko icyorezo kimeze, rutangira gutegura uburezi buzakomeza nubwo icyorezo cyaba kigihari. Icya mbere cyakozwe ni ukubaka ibyumba by’amashuri bishya bigera ku 22.505 hirya no hino mu gihugu,intego ikaba ari ukugira ngo mu cyumba cy’ishuri hajye hicaramo umubare w’abanyeshuri umwarimu ashobora kuvuga bakamwumva, kandi bicaya bahanye intera mu rwego rwo kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19 .

Mu rwego rwo kwitegura gukomeza amasomo mu gihe cy’icyorezo kandi, Leta yahise itangira gushaka abarimu bashya. Abagera ku bihumbi makumyabiri n’icyenda (29000) bakora ikizamini kijyanye no kwigisha.

Ibyo byose byakorwaga mu rwego rwo kugira ngo amashuri nafungura Covid-19 igabanutse, hatazagira ikiyarogoya. Muri Kanama 2020, nibwo hatangiye kumvikana ibihuha by’amatariki amashuri azafunguriraho.Inama y’Abaminisitiri yateranye ntacyo yabivuzeho icyo gihe,ariko uko ibindi bikorwa byagenda bifungurwa n’amashuri yaje kongerwa mu mubare w’ibyo inama y’Abaminisitiri yagombaga kwigaho niba yafungurwa.

Ubwo hahise hatangira igenzura mu bigo by’amashuri, bareba uko ibigo byiteguye.Nyuma bidatinze amashuri yemerewe kongera gufungura ariko mu byiciro bitandukanye.

Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2020,itangira ry’amashuri ryahereye mu mashuri makuru mpuzamahanga akorera mu Rwanda harimo African Leadership University (ALU), African Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture (RICA), Carnegie Mellon University-Africa (CMU-Africa), University of Global Health Equity (UGHE) ndetse na Oklahoma Christian University.

Ku itariki 2 Ugushyingo 2020, hatangiye icyiciro cya kabiri kigizwe n’izindi Kaminuza,n’ibindi bigo bahereye ku banyeshuri bo mu mwaka wa gatatu, uwa kane n’uwa gatanu.

Muri icyo cyiciro kandi harimo n’abashuri bo mu mashuri abanza mu myaka yo hejuru, ndetse no mu mashuri yisumbuye naho mu myaka yo hejuru, amashuri yigisha imyuga ‘TVET’ n’abari mu myaka yo hejuru (upper level), ndetse n’amashuri nderabarezi(TTCs). Ubu abagitegereje ni abiga mu mashuri y’incuke ndetse no mu mashuri abanza mu myaka yo hasi.

Ubundi byari bimenyerewe ko iyo abanyeshuri bavuye mu biruhuko, baza bahoberana, ariko ubu icyorezo cyarababujije, kuko ubu ntibemerewe gukoranaho,ibwiriza ryo guhana intera rirubahirizwa guhera mu rugo kugera mu ishuri ndetse no kuva mu ishuri kugera aho abanyeshuri barara ndetse n’ahandi hose.

N’izindi ngamba zo kwirinda Covid-19, harimo gukaba intoki n’amazi meza kandi kenshi,kwambara agapfukamunwa,byose birubahirizwa ku mashuri.

Mu gihe cy’akaruhuka ka saa yine, abanyeshuri bemerewe gusohoka bakinanura,bakaganira bahanye intera,kuko baba bagenzurwa kugira ngo bakomeze kubahiriza ingamba zo kwirinda,iminota y’akaruhuko yarangira bagasubira mu ishuri.

Umutaboba Gerardine,umwarimu wigisha ubutabire ku ishuri rya Groupe Scolaire Protestant riherereye mu Murenge wa Remera mu Mujyi wa Kigali yagize ati,“ Twashimishijwe no kubona ukuntu abanyeshuri biteguye,bose batugeraho bambaye udupfukamunwa kandi ubona baratumenyereye ndetse no guhana intera barabyubahiriza.”

Umutaboba yongeraho ko kwigisha, uvugira mu gapfukamunwa bitoroshye, ariko kuko nta yandi mahitamo uretse gukomeza kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19, barigisha banambaye agapfukamunwa.

Yagize ati, “ Kugira ngo twumvikane n’abanyeshuri neza, bisaba gukomeza kuzenguruka mu ishuri, turabikora,ariko tukibuka gusiga intera hagati yacu”.

Ese umutekano w’ubuzima bw’abanyeshuri urizewe?

Kugira ngo hizerwe ko abanyeshuri bameze neza, mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo hagati, Minisiteri y’ubuzima yakoze gahunda yo gupima abanyeshuri ku mashuri,basanga hari umubare muto cyane w’abanyeshuri banduye Covid-19 kuva amashuri yafungura imiryango.

Gusa Minisiteri y’ubuzima yatangaje ko abo banyeshuri basanganywe Covid-19,bazavurirwa ku mashuri.

Dr Nsanzimana Sabin, Umuyobozi mukuru w’ikigo cy’ubuzima(RBC) yagize ati, “Mu mashuri 70, arindwi gusa niyo yabonetsemo umunyeshuri umwe cyangwa babiri banduye Covid-19 ”.

Ubu abanyeshuri batangiye ukwezi kwa kabiri biga, ariko hari za Kaminuza n’amashuri makuru atarafunguye,muri yo harimo ‘Christian University of Rwanda’, ‘Indangaburezi College of Education’, nk’uko bivugwa na Minisiteri y’uburezi,kudafungura bikaba byaratewe n’uko ayo mashuri yagize ibibazo bituma batuzuza ireme ry’uburezi.

Andi mashuri makuru yafunzwe harimo Kaminuza ya Kibungo (University of Kibungo ‘UNIK’), ndetse na (Kigali institute of Management ‘KIM’), Kaminuza ya Kigali (University of Kigali), ikaba yarahise yihutira kugura aho ‘KIM’ yakoreraga kugira ngo yagure ibikorwa byayo.

Bamwe mu banyeshuri bigaga muri Kaminuza zafunzwe, ubu baracyashakishwa izindi Kaminuza zibakira nubwo Minisiteri y’uburezi yari yasabye ko bakoroherezwa kubona aho biga.

Muri uyu mwaka, hari abahaniwe ibyaha ndetse n’amakosa atandukanye harimo,Munyakazi Isaac wari umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye.Munyakazi yahanishijwe igihano cyo gufungwa imyaka icumi (10), kuko yahamwe n’icyaha cyo kwakira ruswa mu gihe cyo gukora urutonde rw’uko amashuri yatsinze ibizamini bya Leta.

Hari kandi Ndayambaje Irenee n’abamwungirije babiri bahagaritswe ku mirimo yabo kubera gutinza gahunda yo gushaka abarimu no kubashyira mu myanya.

Dr. Emmanuel Muvunyi, wahoze ari umuyobozi mukuru w’inama nkuru y’uburezi (Higher Education Council ‘HEC’), nawe yirukanywe ku kazi, nyuma ashyirwa no ku rutonde rw’abatemerewe kuzongera kubona akazi muri Leta.

Mu bijyanye n’abigiye mu myanya, Dr Valentine Uwamariya yasimbuye Eugene Mutimura ku mwanya wa Minisitiri w’uburezi, ndetse na Twagirayezu Gaspard, wagizwe umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye na Irere Claudette, ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga ‘ICT’ n’amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro ‘TVET’. Dr. Rose Mukankomeje yasimbuye Emanuel Muvunyi ku buyobozi bwa ‘HEC’.

Kuri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda(UR), Dr. Philip Cotton yarangije manda ye nk’umuyobozi wungirije, nyuma gato y’uko yari amaze kubona ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda naho Dr. Charles Murigande yagiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru yari ari ku mwanya w’umuyobozi wungirije ‘Deputy Vice-Chancellor’ muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda.

Ikibazo cyatangiye kugaragazwa n’abaturage kuva aho Urwego Ngenzuramikorere (RURA) rushyiriyeho ibiciro n’ibyapa byo guhagararaho, abagenzi bakaba bavuga ko ibyapa byashyizweho na RURA bitubahirizwa.

Ubuhamya Kigali Today yahawe n’abarenganyijwe bugaragaza ko ikigo gitwara abagenzi cya Kivu Belt cyakuyeho ibyapa byashyizweho na RURA bikaba intandaro yo guca amafaranga menshi abagenzi gishingiye ku byapa byishyuza amafaranga menshi.

Umwe mu bavuganye na Kivu Belt agira ati, « Uba uvuye nk’i Rubavu ugiye i Kivumu bakagukatira itike yo kugera nko mu Gisiza, ibi bituma amafaranga yiyongera kandi atari uko uza gukora uru rugendo. »

Undi agira ati “Nkatishije itike yo kuva i Karongi njya i Kayove bankatira iya Kivumu ubwo banca 2000frs, mbajije umu agent ambwira ko bari guhomba bakabura n’ayo bahemba bakozi.”

Uwitwa Iremishaka Pascal avuga ko yavuye ahitwa mu Gisiza agiye i Kayove bamuha itike yanditseho Congo-Nil -Kayove.

Undi mugenzi avuga ko abandika amatike birengagiza ibyapa bizwi byo hagati byemejwe na RURA ndetse hagatangazwa n’ibiciro byo kugera kuri ibyo byapa, ariko bikaba byirengagizwa kugira ngo ba nyiri imodoka babone amafaranga menshi, nyamara bigahombya abagenzi.

Agira ati, “Ejo navuye i Rubengera nerekeza i Gisiza bankatira kuva Kayenzi mbajije ngo Rubengera ntirimo ndumirwa. Ubu bujura burateguye kandi si byo rwose.”

Uyu mugenzi avuga ko ubuyobozi bwa RURA bwagombye kuganira n’ibigo bitwara abagenzi bakareba niba hari amakosa arimo agakosorwa aho kwivumbura ku byemezo bya RURA kuko bigira ingaruka ku muturage.

Abagenzi bavuga ko ibi bibazo byo guhendwa n’ibigo bitwara abagenzi bikunda kubabaho biri kumwe no kutagarurirwa amafaranga bitwaje ko ibiceri byabuze.

Hari uwagize ati “Ni kibazo kandi benshi baraharenganira bagaceceka, hari n’ukubwira ngo niba nta biceri ufite nugaruka nibwo nzakugarurira cyangwa usigare, ugahitamo kuyahomba kandi aba yakubaze kare. Ikindi abakozi ba Kivu Belt bavuga ko icyapa cya Kayove, Gakeri na Rubengera babikuyeho kandi RURA yarabishyizeho.”

Abaturage bakoresha umuhanda wa Rubavu-Karongi basaba ibigo bitwara abagenzi kuganira na RURA aho kubazamuriraho ibiciro bagahendwa.

Bagize bati “Niba bahomba bakwegereye RURA ikabafasha ariko bakareka kutwiba, bimaze kumbaho ubugira kabiri ntegera Gisiza-Rubavu bakanca aya Congo- Nil-Rubavu.”

Kigali Today yegereye Bimenyimana Innocent ushinzwe ibyerekeranye n’ingendo mu isosiyete itwara abagenzi ya Kivu Belt ikaba n’imwe mu zishyirwa mu majwi ko zihenda abagenzi, avuga ko hari ibyapa badahagararaho kubera ko bitinza imodoka mu nzira.

Ati, “Guhagarara kuri buri cyapa byatinzaga imodoka mu nzira bigatuma abagenzi binuba, bituma duhitamo ibyapa duhagararaho n’ibyo tudahagararaho.”

Abajijwe impamvu batubahiriza ibyapa nk’uko byashyizweho n’amabwiriza ya RURA, Bimenyimana avuga ko ibyapa bishyirwaho ariko hari imodoka zibihagararaho nka “Twegerane” ariko bo badashobora kubikurikiza kuko ari ‘Express’.

Anthony Kulamba ushinzwe serivisi yo gutwara abantu n’ibintu muri RURA avuga ko kuzamura ibiciro ku bagenzi bitemewe, avuga ko abagenzi aho bahuye n’ibibazo bagomba kujya babigaragaraza bigakosorwa.

Agira ati, “Uyu munsi hari umuturage watugaragarije ikibazo cy’ibiciro no kurenza abagenzi mu kigo cya Kivu Belt kandi twababwiye ko bitemewe, tugiye kubikurikirana kandi n’abandi bajye baduha amakuru tubikurikirane dufatanyije n’ihuriro ry’ibigo bitwara abagenzi.”

Abagenda muhanda wa Rubavu-Karongi bavuga ko ubarizwamo ibyapa bitandatu bidakurikizwa uko bikwiye birimo, Rubavu-Gakeri, Rubavu-Nkomero, Rubavu-Gisiza, Rubavu-Congo –Nile, Rubavu-Rubengera, Rubavu-Karongi. Abagenzi bavuga ko kuba ibyo byapa bitubahirizwa bituma bacibwa amafaranga menshi.